حنث

Form 1 · Form 2 · Form 4 · Form 5 · 9 entries · Qur'ānic frequency 2

Form 1حَنِثَ فِى يَمِينِهِ4 senses · 1 main

muḍāriʿـَيَفْعَلُmaṣdarحِنْثٌ

Core sense — he broke his oath, he failed to keep his oathgenerated

1.1

maṣdar حِنْثٌ and حَنَثٌ.

He violated, or failed to perform, his oath; he was untrue in his oath; he committed a sin, or crime, in his oath.

Also: he retracted, or revoked, his oath.

1.1.1

Khálid Ibn-Jembeh: the verb by itself means he said what was not true.

1.1.2

He inclined from what was false to what was true; or from what was true to what was false.

1.1.3figurative · مجاز — inferred

[And apparently he committed a sin, or crime: a meaning which seems to be indicated in the K: see حِنْثٌ below.]

Qur’ānic occurrences Form 1

38:44

وَخُذْ بِيَدِكَ ضِغْثًا فَٱضْرِب بِّهِۦ وَلَا تَحْنَثْ ۗ إِنَّا وَجَدْنَـٰهُ صَابِرًا ۚ نِّعْمَ ٱلْعَبْدُ ۖ إِنَّهُۥٓ أَوَّابٌ

"And take in thy hand a little grass, and strike therewith: and break not (thy oath)." Truly We found him full of patience and constancy. How excellent in Our service! ever did he turn (to Us)!

Occurrences of this form in the Qur’ān, not Lane’s choice of verse. They show the word in use; they do not say which sense above applies. Where more occur than are shown, the shortest āyāt are chosen.

Show Lane's original text

, (S, A, Msb, K, *) aor. حَنَثَ , (Msb, K,) inf. n. حِنْثٌ (S, * A, Msb, K *) and حَنَثٌ , (TA,) He violated, or broke, or failed of performing, his oath: (A, Msb, K, TA:) he was untrue in his oath: (S, TA:) he committed a sin, or crime, in his oath. (TA.) Also He retracted, or revoked, his oath. (TA.) And the verb alone, He said what was not true. (Khálid Ibn-Jembeh, TA.) He inclined from what was false to what was true: or from what was true to what was false. (K.) [And app. He committed a sin, or crime: a meaning which seems to be indicated in the K: see حِنْثٌ , below.]

Form 2حنْثهُ1 sense

Core sense — he called him a breaker of his oathgenerated

2.1

He pronounced him a violator, or non-performer, of his oath.

[A verb like أَثَّمَهُ and فَسَّقَهُ and the like.]

Show Lane's original text

He pronounced him ( جَعَلَهُ ) a violator, or non-performer, of his oath: (Msb:) [a verb similar to أَثَّمَهُ and فَسَّقَهُ &c.]

Form 4أَحْنَثْتُهُ2 senses · 1 main

Core sense — I made him break his oathgenerated

4.1I made him violate, or fail to perform, his oath—فِى يَمِينِهِ

4.1.1such a one did not assent, or consent, to the conjurement of such a one—احنث فُلَانٌ قَسَمَ فُلَانٍ

The opposite of أَبَرَّ; mentioned under بر.

Show Lane's original text

(S, K) فِى يَمِينِهِ (S) I made him to violate, or break, or fail of performing, his oath. (S, K. *) احنث فُلَانٌ قَسَمَ فُلَانٍ Such a one assented not, or consented not, to the conjurement of such a one; contr. of أَبَرَّ . (T and TA in art. بر .)

Form 5تحنّث1 sense

Core sense — he kept himself clear of sin; he applied himself to acts of devotiongenerated

5.1figurative · مجاز — inferredhe abstained from such a thing as a sin, or crime—تحنّث مِنْ كَذَا

ISd, and the Towsheeh: he put away, or cast away, from himself الحِنْث, that is, sin, or crime.

It is said that there are only six verbs of this measure meaning the putting away from oneself of the thing denoted by the root: تحنّث, تأثّم, تحوّب, تحرّج, تنجّس and تهجّد.

He did a work by which to escape from sin, or crime; he applied himself to acts, or exercises, of devotion.

Ez-Zuhree and the K add: during numerous nights; but the Expositors of El-Bukháree and others have shown that this addition is taken from words following the verb in the explanation of a tradition, and has nothing to do with the meaning of the verb itself.

He relinquished [the worship of] idols, like تحنّف; and the ث in this verb may be interchangeable with ف, or a substitute for ف.

Synonymous with تأثّم and تحرّج.

he sought to bring himself near to God, or to advance himself in God's favour, by works [of devotion &c.]—تحنّث بِأَفْعَالٍ

Show Lane's original text

He put away, or cast away, from himself الحِنْث , i. e. sin, or crime: (ISd, Towsheeh, TA:) it is said that there are only six verbs of the measure of this signifying the putting away, or casting away, from oneself a thing, [i. e. the thing denoted by the root,] which are تحنّث and تأثّم and تحوّب and تحرّج and تنجّس and تهجّد : (TA:) he did a work whereby to escape from sin, or crime: (IAar, Msb:) he applied himself to acts, or exercises, of devotion; (S, A, Msb, K;) accord. to Ez-Zuhree and the K, during numerous nights; but it has been shown by the Expositors of El-Bukháree, and others, that this addition is taken from words following the verb in the explanation of a trad., and has nothing to do with the meaning of the verb itself: (MF, TA:) he relinquished [the worship of] idols; (S, K;) like تحنّف ; (S;) and it may be that the ث in this verb is interchangeable with ف , (A,) or a substitute for ف . (TA.) You say also, تحنّث مِنْ كَذَا He abstained from such a thing as a sin, or crime; syn. تأثّم , (S, A, K,) and تحرّج . (A.) And تحنّث بِأَفْعَالٍ He sought to bring himself near unto God, or to advance himself in God's favour, by works [of devotion &c.]. (TA.)

Derived nouns 5

Nounحِنْثٌ2 senses · 1 main

Core sense — the breaking of an oath; a sin, a crimegenerated

1he is accountable for many violations, or failures of performance, of oaths—عَلَيْهِ أَحْنَاثٌ كَثِيرَةٌ

The violation, or failure of performance, of an oath. [A maṣdar used as a simple noun.] Plural أَحْنَاثٌ.

1.1figurative · مجاز — inferred[and they persisted in great sin]—وَكَانُوا يُصِرُّونَ عَلَى الحِنْثِ العَظِيمِ

he (a boy) reached the age when he was punishable for sin—بَلَغَ الحِنْثَ

the children of adultery or fornication—أَوْلَادُ الحِنْثِ

A sin, a crime, an offence, or an act of disobedience.

So in the Qur'ān 56:45; meaning belief in a plurality of gods.

Or: he reached the age when he became punishable for disobedience and rewardable for obedience; or the age when the pen [of the recording angels] began to register his acts of obedience and of disobedience; or the age of puberty; or manhood.

Occurring in a tradition according to one reading; according to another reading, اولاد الخُبْثِ.

Qur’ān 56:46 matched to Lane’s own quotation of it Lane cites “Kur lvi. 45”

Lane cites “Bd in lvi. 45” — a commentary, not the verse; no modern number is given

Qur’ān 56:46 Lane quotes this verse

وَكَانُوا۟ يُصِرُّونَ عَلَى ٱلْحِنثِ ٱلْعَظِيمِ

And persisted obstinately in wickedness supreme!Abdullah Yusuf Ali, The Holy Qur’ān (1934)

Qur’ānic occurrences حِنث

56:46

وَكَانُوا۟ يُصِرُّونَ عَلَى ٱلْحِنثِ ٱلْعَظِيمِ

And persisted obstinately in wickedness supreme!

Show Lane's original text

The violation, or failure of performance, of an oath: (S, A, K, TA:) [an inf. n. used as a simple subst.:] pl. أَحْنَاثٌ ; as in the saying, عَلَيْهِ أَحْنَاثٌ كَثِيرَةٌ [He is accountable for, or chargeable with, many violations, or failures of performance, of oaths]. (TA.) A sin, a crime, an offence, or an act of disobedience. (S, A, Msb, K.) So in the saying [in the Kur lvi. 45], وَكَانُوا يُصِرُّونَ عَلَى الحِنْثِ العَظِيمِ [And they persisted in great sin]; (A;) meaning belief in a plurality of gods. (Bd, Jel.) And hence, (Bd in lvi. 45,) بَلَغَ الحِنْثَ He (a boy) attained to the age when he was punishable for sin: (A, * Bd:) or attained to [the age when he became punishable for] disobedience and [rewardable for] obedience: (S:) or attained to the age when the pen [of the recording angels] began to register his acts of obedience and of disobedience: attained to the age of puberty: attained to manhood. (TA.) [Hence also,] أَوْلَادُ الحِنْثِ The children of adultery or fornication: occurring in a trad., accord. to one reading: accord. to another reading, اولاد الخُبْثِ . (L.)

Nounحَانِثٌ1 sense

Core sense — breaking his oath, one who fails to keep his oathgenerated

Violating, or failing to perform, his oath; a violator, or non-performer, of his oath.

Show Lane's original text

Violating, or failing to perform, his oath; or a violator, or non-performer, of his oath. (Msb.)

Nounمَحْنَثٌ1 sense

Core sense — an occasion of breaking an oath, or of falling into singenerated

See مَحَانِثُ.

Show Lane's original text

: see مَحَانِثُ .

Nounمُحْنِثٌ1 sense

Core sense — a matter people differ about, open to two ways of being regardedgenerated

A thing about which people differ, and which admits of being regarded in two different ways; also مُحْلِفٌ.

[So called because it may make one to be untrue in an oath.]

Show Lane's original text

A thing respecting which people differ, and which admits of its being regarded in two different ways; as also مُحْلِفٌ . (L.) [So called because it may make one to be untrue in an oath.]

Nounمَحَانِثُ1 sense

Core sense — occasions of falling into the breaking of an oath, or into singenerated

1figurative · مجاز — inferred

According to some it has no singular; according to others its singular is مَحْنَثٌ, and this is apparently the truth and agrees with analogy.

Places, that is, occasions, of falling into the violation of an oath or oaths, or into sin or crime; explained by مَوَاقِعُ حِنْثٍ and مَوَاقِعُ إِثْمٍ.

Show Lane's original text

, accord. to some, having no sing.; but accord. to others, its sing. is مَحْنَثٌ , and this is app. the truth, and is agreeable with analogy; (MF;) Places [i. e. occasions] of falling into the violation of an oath or oaths, or into sin or crime; expl. by مَوَاقِعُ حِنْثٍ (TA) and مَوَاقِعُ إِثْمٍ . (K.)