muḍāriʿـَيَفْعَلُmaṣdarحَمْدٌ حَمَدٌ
Core sense — he praised him, he commended him; he requited him; he was angry with himgenerated
1.1figurative · مجازhe praised him, spoke well of him, mentioned him with approval, for such a thing—عَلَى كَذَا
maṣdar حَمْدٌ, مَحْمَدٌ, مَحْمِدٌ, مَحْمَدَةٌ, and مَحْمِدَةٌ. The last of these maṣdars [and the third also] is irregular; or the last is a maṣdar and the last but one means “a praiseworthy quality,” or “a quality for which one is praised” (El-Fenáree); or the last may be a simple noun.
حمد also implies admiration, and the magnifying or honouring of the one praised, and lowliness or submissiveness in the person who offers it — as in the saying of one afflicted:
The opposite of ذَمَّهُ. According to IAmb it is formed by transposition from مَدَحَ, but it is less widely applied than that verb.
It means praising him for something that depends on his own will: so describing a pearl as clear is not حَمْدٌ, but it is مَدْحٌ.
It is the same as شَكَرَهُ, but sometimes differs from it: شُكْرٌ is only for a favour received, while حَمْدٌ is sometimes for a favour received and sometimes for other causes, and so is more widely applied; therefore you do not say شَكَرْتُهُ عَلَى شَجَاعَتِهِ.
I praised him for his courage—حَمِدْتُهُ على شجاعته
Praise be to God—الحَمْدُ لِلّٰهِ
In that case there is no worldly blessing, favour, or benefit.
This phrase is generally pronounced as written above; but some of the Arabs are said to have pronounced it الحَمْدَ لِلّٰهِ, putting the first word in the accusative as the absolute object of an understood verb أَحْمَدُ; others الحَمْدِلِلّٰهِ, making the final vowel of the first word match the vowel that immediately follows; and others الحَمْدُ لُلّٰهِ, making the first vowel in للّٰه match the vowel immediately before it. Zj, however, disapproves of these last two pronunciations. Some of them also said بَدَأْتُ بِالحَمْدُ لِلّٰهِ, meaning I began with the saying Praise be to God. [See also حَمْدٌ below.]
I praise God to you, or in your presence—أَحْمَدُ إِلَيْكَ ٱللّٰهَ
Or: with you; or I praise to you God's benefits and his favours; or I praise to you God's favours and talk to you about them.
he approved of a thing for him—حَمِدَ لَهُ أَمْرًا
he approved of a thing for him, and told him to do it—حَمِدَ إِلَيْهِ أَمْرًا
[I became his neighbour, and did not approve of being so]—جاوَرْتُهُ فَمَا حَمِدْتُ جِوَارَهُ
on this sense See also 4.
1.1.1
Also, with the same muḍāriʿ and maṣdar as above: he recompensed him, or requited him; he gave him, or paid him, his due.
1.2he was angry with him—حَمِدَ عَلَيْهِ
.
Qur’ānic occurrences Form 1
3:188
لَا تَحْسَبَنَّ ٱلَّذِينَ يَفْرَحُونَ بِمَآ أَتَوا۟ وَّيُحِبُّونَ أَن يُحْمَدُوا۟ بِمَا لَمْ يَفْعَلُوا۟ فَلَا تَحْسَبَنَّهُم بِمَفَازَةٍ مِّنَ ٱلْعَذَابِ ۖ وَلَهُمْ عَذَابٌ أَلِيمٌThink not that those who exult in what they have brought about, and love to be praised for what they have not done,- think escape the penalty. For them is a penalty Grievous indeed.
Occurrences of this form in the Qur’ān, not Lane’s choice of verse. They show the word in use; they do not say which sense above applies. Where more occur than are shown, the shortest āyāt are chosen.
Show Lane's original text
, aor. حَمَدَ , inf. n. حَمْدٌ (S, L, Msb, K) and مَحْمَدٌ and مَحْمِدٌ (L, K) and مَحْمَدَةٌ (S, L, K) and مَحْمِدَةٌ ; (L, K, and so in a copy of the S;) the last of these inf. ns. [and the third also] extr.; (L;) or the last is an inf. n. and the last but one signifies “ a praiseworthy quality, ” or “ a quality for which one is praised; ” (ElFenáree, MF;) or the last may be a simple subst.; (Har p. 392;) He praised, eulogized, or commended, him; spoke well of him; mentioned him with approbation; (Akh, S, L, Msb;) عَلَى كَذَا for such a thing; (L, Msb;) contr. of ذَمَّهُ : (S, L:) accord. to IAmb, formed by transposition from مَدَحَ : (marginal note in a copy of the MS:) but it is of less common application than the latter verb; (Msb in art. مدح ;) signifying he praised him, &c., for something depending on his (the latter's) own will: thus, the describing a pearl as clear is not حَمْدٌ , but it is مَدْحٌ : (Kull p. 150:) or i. q. شَكَرَهُ : (Lh, K:) but it differs [sometimes] from this; (Msb;) for شُكْرٌ is only on account of favour received; whereas حَمْدٌ is sometimes because of favour received, (Th, Az, Msb,) and sometimes from other causes; (Th;) [and thus] the latter is of more common application than the former; (S;) therefore you do not say, شَكَرْتُهُ عَلَى شَجَاعَتِهِ ; but you say, حَمِدْتُهُ على شجاعته I praised him, &c., for his courage. (Msb.) حمد also implies admiration: and it implies the magnifying, or honouring, of the object thereof; and lowliness, humility, or submissiveness, in the person who offers it; as in the saying of the afflicted, الحَمْدُ لِلّٰهِ Praise be to God; since in this case there is no worldly blessing, favour, or benefit. (Msb.) This last phrase is generally pronounced as it is written above: but some of the Arabs are related to have pronounced it الحَمْدَ لِلّٰهِ , putting the former word in the accus. case as the absolute complement of the verb أَحْمَدُ understood: and others, الحَمْدِلِلّٰهِ ; assimilating the final vowel of the former word to the vowel immediately following it: and others, الحَمْدُ لُلّٰهِ ; assimilating the first vowel in للّٰه to the vowel immediately preceding it: Zj, however, disapproves of the latter two modes of pronouncing it: some of them also said, بَدَأْتُ بِالحَمْدُ لِلّٰهِ , meaning I began with the saying Praise be to God. (L.) [See also حَمْدٌ below.] You say, أَحْمَدُ إِلَيْكَ ٱللّٰهَ I praise God (Az, A, * L, K) to thee, or in thy presence: (L:) or with thee: (Kh, Az:) or I praise to thee God's benefits, and his blessings, or favours; or I praise to thee God's blessings, or favours, and discourse to thee of them. (L.) And حَمِدَ لَهُ أَمْرًا He approved of a thing for him. (L, K. *) And حَمِدَ إِلَيْهِ أَمْرًا He approved of a thing for him, and commanded, or enjoined, him to do it. (L.) And جاوَرْتُهُ فَمَا حَمِدْتُ جِوَارَهُ [I became his neighbour, and did not approve of being so]. (A.) See also 4. Also, (aor. and inf. n. as above in the beginning of this art., K,) He recompensed, or requited, him: he gave him, or paid him, his due. (L, K.) حَمِدَ عَلَيْهِ , aor. حَمَدَ , (L, K, *) inf. n. حَمَدٌ , (TA,) He was angry with him. (L, K.)