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حطم

Form 1 · Form 2 · Form 5 · Form 7  ·  20 entries  ·  Qur'ānic frequency 6

Form 1حَطِمَ7 senses · 2 main
muḍāriʿـَيَفْعَلُ·ـِيَفْعِلُmaṣdarحَطَمٌ حَطْمٌ

Core sense — it broke in pieces; he broke it; he crushed itgenerated

1.1it broke, or became broken, in pieces—انحطم

The verb itself: it broke, or became broken, in pieces.

it broke, or became broken, in pieces—تحطّم

on this sense Or these two, or [correctly] the first only, mean it broke, or became broken.

on this sense Or they are said specially of what is dry, or tough, such as a bone.

1.1.1figurative · مجاز — inferredthe beast became aged—حَطِمَتِ الدَّابَّةُ

[And emaciated and weak, or broken with age: see حَطِمٌ below.]

1.1.2figurative · مجاز — inferred

And: the beast had a disease in its legs, called حَطَمٌ.

1.2he broke it—حَطَمَهُ

.

he broke it in pieces—حطّمهُ

Or it applies specially to what is dry, or tough, such as a bone.

Maṣdar تَحْطِيمٌ. Or this form means he broke it in pieces, and so does the first; or it means he broke it much.

1.2.1[I saw Hell-fire, one part of it crushing another]—رَأَيْتُ جَهَنَّمَ يَحْتِمُ بَعْضُهَا بَعْضًا

Said in a tradition. Or the meaning is: as though one part pressed upon another, from the usage that follows.

[they crush, or bruise, or press upon, one another]—يَحْطِمُ بَعْضُهُمْ بَعْضًا

Said of people crowding together.

[he bruises the cattle, or camels]—يَحْطِمُ المَالَ

Said of a violent driver.

on this sense He, or it, crushed or bruised it: as a lion does what he devours; as a camel or a sheep or goat does the ground with its feet or hoofs, and the trees and herbs in eating them; and as the wind does what it blows on violently.

1.2.2figurative · مجازdo not spoil the pasturage for us by pasturing on it—لَا تَحْطِمْ عَلَيْنَا المَرْتَعَ
1.2.3figurative · مجاز — inferredhis family made him a broken old man—حَطَمَ فُلَانًا أَهْلُهُ

As though they loaded him with their burdens.

age made him infirm—حَطَمَتْهُ السِّنُّ
Qur’ānic occurrences Form 1
27:18
حَتَّىٰٓ إِذَآ أَتَوْا۟ عَلَىٰ وَادِ ٱلنَّمْلِ قَالَتْ نَمْلَةٌ يَـٰٓأَيُّهَا ٱلنَّمْلُ ٱدْخُلُوا۟ مَسَـٰكِنَكُمْ لَا يَحْطِمَنَّكُمْ سُلَيْمَـٰنُ وَجُنُودُهُۥ وَهُمْ لَا يَشْعُرُونَ

At length, when they came to a (lowly) valley of ants, one of the ants said: "O ye ants, get into your habitations, lest Solomon and his hosts crush you (under foot) without knowing it."

Occurrences of this form in the Qur’ān, not Lane’s choice of verse. They show the word in use; they do not say which sense above applies. Where more occur than are shown, the shortest āyāt are chosen.

Show Lane's original text
, aor. حَطَمَ , inf. n. حَطَمٌ , It broke, or became broken, in pieces; as also انحطم (Msb) and تحطّم : (TA:) or these two, (S, K,) or [correctly] the former [only], (TA,) it broke, or became broken: (S, K, TA:) or they are peculiarly said of that which is dry, or tough; (K, TA;) as a bone and the like. (TA.) [Hence,] حَطِمَتِ الدَّابَّةُ The beast became aged [and emaciated and weak, or broken with age: see حَطِمٌ , below]. (S.) And The beast had a disease (termed حَطَمٌ ) in his legs. (TA.) حَطَمَهُ , (S, Msb, K,) aor. حَطِمَ , (Msb, K,) inf. n. حَطْمٌ , (S, Msb, K,) He broke it: (S, K:) or it applies peculiarly to that which is dry, or tough; (K, TA;) as a bone and the like: (TA:) as also حطّمهُ , (K,) inf. n. تَحْطِيمٌ : (S:) or the latter signifies he broke it in pieces, (S,) and so the former; (Msb;) or the latter, he broke it much. (Msb, TA.) He, or it, crushed it, or bruised it; as, for instance, a lion, that which he devours; and as a camel and a sheep or goat, the ground with his feet or hoofs, and the trees and herbs in eating them; and as the wind, that upon which it blows [vehemently]. (TA.) It is said in a trad., رَأَيْتُ جَهَنَّمَ يَحْتِمُ بَعْضُهَا بَعْضًا [I saw Hell-fire, one part thereof crushing another: or, as though pressing upon another; from what next follows]. (TA.) One says of people crowding together, يَحْطِمُ بَعْضُهُمْ بَعْضًا [They crush, bruise, or press upon, one another]. (TA.) And of a vehement driver, يَحْطِمُ المَالَ [He bruises the cattle, or camels &c.]. (A, TA.) One says also, لَا تَحْطِمْ عَلَيْنَا المَرْتَعَ , meaning Spoil not thou to us the pasturage by pasturing upon it. (TA.) And حَطَمَ فُلَانًا أَهْلُهُ His family rendered such a one a broken old man; as though they loaded him with their burdens. (TA.) And حَطَمَتْهُ السِّنُّ (S) Age rendered him infirm. (TA.)
Form 2حَطَّمَ1 sense

Core sense — he broke it in piecesgenerated

2.1

See form 1.

Show Lane's original text
see 1.
Form 5تَحَطَّمَ2 senses · 1 main

Core sense — it broke in pieces; they crowded and crushed one anothergenerated

5.1[The eggs broke in pieces so as to disclose the young birds]—تحطّم البَيْضُ عَنِ الفِرَاخِ
the ground crumbled from excessive dryness—تَحَطَّمَتْ الأَرْضُ يُبْسًا
the people crowded together, crushing or pressing upon one another—تحطّم النَّاسُ
the people pressed together, or crowded, upon it, or him—انحطم النَّاسُ عَلَيْهِ

on this sense See form 1.

5.1.1figurative · مجازhe became inflamed with rage against him—تحطّم عَلَيْهِ غَيْظًا
Show Lane's original text
see 1. You say also, تحطّم البَيْضُ عَنِ الفِرَاخِ [The eggs broke in pieces so as to disclose the young birds]. (TA.) And تَحَطَّمَتْ الأَرْضُ يُبْسًا The ground, or earth, crumbled by reason of excessive dryness. (TA.) And تحطّم النَّاسُ The people crowded together, crushing, bruising, or pressing upon, one another. (TA.) And انحطم النَّاسُ عَلَيْهِ The people pressed together, or crowded, upon it, or him. (ISd, TA.) And تحطّم عَلَيْهِ غَيْظًا He became inflamed with wrath, or rage, against him. (K, * TA.)
Form 7إِنْحَطَمَ2 senses · 1 main

Core sense — it broke, or became broken, in piecesgenerated

7.1

See form 1.

7.1.1

And see form 5.

Show Lane's original text
see 1: and 5.

Derived nouns 16

Nounحَطَمٌ2 senses · 1 main

Core sense — a breaking in pieces; a disease in the legs of a beastgenerated

1

Maṣdar of حَطِمَ [which see].

1.1

Also: a certain disease in the legs of a beast.

Show Lane's original text
inf. n. of حَطِمَ [q. v.]. (Msb.) Also A certain disease in the legs of a beast. (K.)
Nounحَطِمٌ2 senses · 1 main

Core sense — a thing breaking in pieces of itself; a horse broken by agegenerated

1

A thing breaking in pieces of itself.

1.1figurative · مجاز — inferred

A horse broken by age; or a horse weak from leanness and old age; or an aged beast.

Show Lane's original text
A thing (Msb) breaking in pieces of itself. (S, Msb, K.) A horse broken by age: (S:) or a horse weak by reason of leanness and old age: (Az, TA:) or an aged beast. (Msb.)
Nounحُطَمٌ2 senses · 1 main

Core sense — one who breaks the ranks on the right and leftgenerated

1

One who breaks the ranks on the right and left; حَطَّامُ الصُّفُوفِ means the same.

1.1

See also حُطَمَةٌ, in five places.

Show Lane's original text
One who breaks the ranks on the right and left; and حَطَّامُ الصُّفُوفِ [signifies the same]. (TA.) See also حُطَمَةٌ , in five places.
Nounحُطُمٌ1 sense

Core sense — one who breaks, or crushes, thingsgenerated

1

See حُطَمَةٌ.

Show Lane's original text
: see حُطَمَةٌ .
Nounحَطْمَةٌ4 senses · 1 main

Core sense — the crowding and pushing of men; the tide of a torrent; dearthgenerated

1

The crowding, or pressing, of men, and their pushing one another.

1.1

The tide of a torrent; like طَحْمَةٌ.

1.2

The havoc of a lion among cattle.

1.3figurative · مجاز

Dearth, drought, or barrenness; or a year of dearth: because it breaks everything. Also حُطْمَةٌ and حَاطُومٌ; but this last is used only of continual dearth.

[See also the last of these words below.]

Show Lane's original text
The crowding, thronging, or pressing, of men; and their pushing one another. (TA.) The tide ( دُفْعَة ) of a torrent; like طَحْمَةٌ . (S.) The havoc of a lion among cattle. (TA.) Dearth, drought, or sterility; or a year of dearth, &c.; (S, K, TA;) because it breaks ( تَحْطِمُ ) everything; (TA;) as also حُطْمَةٌ and حَاطُومٌ : (K:) or this last is not used except as meaning continual dearth &c. (TA.) [See also the last of these words below.]
Nounحُطْمَةٌ1 sense

Core sense — the crowding of men; dearth, or a year of dearthgenerated

1

Same as the word immediately before it.

Show Lane's original text
: see what next precedes.
Nounحِطْمَةٌ1 sense

Core sense — what is broken in pieces of a dry, or tough, thinggenerated

1what is broken in pieces of a thing dry, or tough—حُطَامَةٌ

What is broken in pieces, or what one breaks, of a thing that is dry, or tough.

Plural of the headword: حِطَمٌ.

[a spear, or spear-shaft, broken in pieces]—صَعْدَةٌ حِطَمٌ

Here the term حِطْمَةٌ is regarded as applying to every portion. [See حُطَامٌ.]

Show Lane's original text
What is broken in pieces, or what one breaks, [accord. to different copies of the K, the former accord. to the reading in the TA,] of a thing that is dry, or tough; (K, TA;) as also حُطَامَةٌ : (K:) pl. of the former حِطَمٌ : whence صَعْدَةٌ حِطَمٌ [meaning a spear, or spear-shaft, broken in pieces, as is indicated in the TA], in which the term حِطْمَةٌ is regarded as applying to every portion. (K, * TA.) [See حُطَامٌ .]
Nounحُطَمَةٌ4 senses · 1 main

Core sense — a fire that breaks everything cast into it; a great eater; a rough pastorgenerated

1a name of Hell, or of Hell-fire—الحُطَمَةُ

Or, as some say, the fourth stage of Hell; or a gate of Hell.

A violent fire that breaks in pieces everything thrown into it.

1.1figurative · مجازone who breaks everything in eating—حُطَمٌ

This word also means an insatiable man.

an insatiable man—حُطُمٌ

on this sense A man who eats much.

1.2figurative · مجاز — inferred

A large number of camels, or of sheep or goats: because they break, or crush, the herbage, or everything, or the ground with their feet or hoofs, and the trees and herbs in eating them.

1.3figurative · مجازa man who drives beasts violently, crushing them by his violent driving—سَوَّاقٌ حُطَمٌ

The headword, and also حُطَمٌ, mean a pastor who has little mercy on the cattle; or who acts injuriously towards them, making them crush or bruise one another; or as though he crushed them by his violent driving. Or the first means a pastor who does not let his beasts make use of the plentiful pasturages, nor let them spread out in the pasturage; and the second, one who is ungentle, or rough, as though he broke or crushed them when driving them or pasturing them.

But it is used by way of comparison, meaning cunning and versatile.

[The worst of pastors is the rough one, who makes the beasts crush, or bruise, one another]—شَرُّ الرِّعَآءِ الحُطَمَةُ

Some call this a proverb; others say it is not a proverb but a tradition — though many traditions are counted among proverbs. It is applied to one who governs, or manages, badly.

[Beware of the rough one! Beware of the rough one!]—اِحْذَرُوا الحُطَمَ اِحْذَرُوا الحُطَمَ

Related in a tradition of 'Alee: Kureysh, when they saw him in war or battle, used to say this.

Qur’ānic occurrences حُطَمَة
104:4
كَلَّا ۖ لَيُنۢبَذَنَّ فِى ٱلْحُطَمَةِ

By no means! He will be sure to be thrown into That which Breaks to Pieces,

104:5
وَمَآ أَدْرَىٰكَ مَا ٱلْحُطَمَةُ

And what will explain to thee That which Breaks to Pieces?

Occurrences of this form in the Qur’ān, not Lane’s choice of verse. They show the word in use; they do not say which sense above applies. Where more occur than are shown, the shortest āyāt are chosen.

Show Lane's original text
A vehement fire, (K,) that breaks in pieces everything that is cast into it. (TA.) Hence, (S, TA,) الحُطَمَةُ a name of Hell, (K,) or of Hell-fire: (S, K:) or, as some say, the fourth stage of Hell: (Har. p. 347:) or a gate of Hell. (K.) A man who eats much; (S, TA;) as also حُطَمٌ ; who breaks everything in eating: (Har p. 580:) and the latter, and حُطُمٌ , an insatiable man. (TA.) A large number of camels, (T, S, K,) and of sheep or goats: (T, K:) because they break, or crush, (T, S, TA,) the herbage, (T, TA,) or everything, (S, TA,) or the ground with their feet or hoofs, and the trees and herbs in eating them. (TA.) Also, and حُطَمٌ , (S, K,) A pastor having little mercy upon the cattle; (S, TA;) or who acts injuriously towards them; (K, TA;) causing them to crush, or bruise, one another; (S, K, TA;) or as though he crushed, or bruised, them by his vehement driving: (A, TA:) or the former signifies a pastor who does not allow his beasts to avail themselves of the plentiful pasturages, nor let them disperse themselves in the pasturage: and ↓ the latter, one who is ungentle, or rough; as though he broke, or crushed, or bruised, them when driving them or pasturing them: and سَوَّاقٌ حُطَمٌ signifies a man who drives beasts vehemently, crushing them, or bruising them, by reason of his vehement driving; but it is used by way of comparison, as meaning cunning and versatile. (TA.) Hence, شَرُّ الرِّعَآءِ الحُطَمَةُ [The worst of pastors is the ungentle, who causes the beasts to crush, or bruise, one another]: (S, K:) accord. to the S, a prov.: accord. to Sgh and the K, not a prov., but a trad.: but many of the trads. are reckoned among provs.: it is applied to him who governs, or manages, ill. (MF, TA.) Hence also what is related in a trad. of 'Alee, that Kureysh, when they saw him in war, or battle, used to say, اِحْذَرُوا الحُطَمَ اِحْذَرُوا الحُطَمَ [Beware ye of the rough one! Beware ye of the rough one!]. (TA.)
Nounحُطَمِيَّاتٌ1 sense

Core sense — coats of mailgenerated

1

Coats of mail: so called from a maker of them named حُطَمَةُ; or such as break the swords; or such as are heavy and wide. The first explanation is the most probable.

Show Lane's original text
Coats of mail; so called from a maker thereof named حُطَمَةُ : or such as break the swords: or such as are heavy and wide: (K:) the first of which explanations is the most probable. (TA.)
Nounحُطَامٌ3 senses · 1 main

Core sense — what is broken in pieces of a dry thing; fragments of eggsgenerated

1

What is broken in pieces, of a thing that is dry, or tough.

[In one printed copy, through the accidental omission of وَ كَغُرَابٍ, this meaning and the next are assigned to صَعْدَةٌ حِطَمٌ. See حِطْمَةٌ, which in some copies is given as meaning the same as حُطَامٌ in the sense explained above.]

And: fragments of eggs, or of an egg-shell — so in a verse of Et-Tirimmāḥ — or the shell of the egg.

1.1

[See a figurative usage of it in an example cited from a tradition under ثُمَامٌ.]

1.2figurative · مجاز — inferredthe frail, or perishing, goods of the present world—حُطَامُ الدُّنْيَا

Z: from حُطَامٌ, meaning the fragments of eggs. Or [simply] the goods of the present world. Treated under عرض.

Qur’ānic occurrences حُطَٰم
39:21
أَلَمْ تَرَ أَنَّ ٱللَّهَ أَنزَلَ مِنَ ٱلسَّمَآءِ مَآءً فَسَلَكَهُۥ يَنَـٰبِيعَ فِى ٱلْأَرْضِ ثُمَّ يُخْرِجُ بِهِۦ زَرْعًا مُّخْتَلِفًا أَلْوَٰنُهُۥ ثُمَّ يَهِيجُ فَتَرَىٰهُ مُصْفَرًّا ثُمَّ يَجْعَلُهُۥ حُطَـٰمًا ۚ إِنَّ فِى ذَٰلِكَ لَذِكْرَىٰ لِأُو۟لِى ٱلْأَلْبَـٰبِ

Seest thou not that Allah sends down rain from the sky, and leads it through springs in the earth? Then He causes to grow, therewith, produce of various colours: then it withers; thou wilt see it grow yellow; then He makes it dry up and crumble away. Truly, in this, is a Message of remembrance to men of understanding.

56:65
لَوْ نَشَآءُ لَجَعَلْنَـٰهُ حُطَـٰمًا فَظَلْتُمْ تَفَكَّهُونَ

Were it Our Will, We could crumble it to dry powder, and ye would be left in wonderment,

57:20
ٱعْلَمُوٓا۟ أَنَّمَا ٱلْحَيَوٰةُ ٱلدُّنْيَا لَعِبٌ وَلَهْوٌ وَزِينَةٌ وَتَفَاخُرٌۢ بَيْنَكُمْ وَتَكَاثُرٌ فِى ٱلْأَمْوَٰلِ وَٱلْأَوْلَـٰدِ ۖ كَمَثَلِ غَيْثٍ أَعْجَبَ ٱلْكُفَّارَ نَبَاتُهُۥ ثُمَّ يَهِيجُ فَتَرَىٰهُ مُصْفَرًّا ثُمَّ يَكُونُ حُطَـٰمًا ۖ وَفِى ٱلْـَٔاخِرَةِ عَذَابٌ شَدِيدٌ وَمَغْفِرَةٌ مِّنَ ٱللَّهِ وَرِضْوَٰنٌ ۚ وَمَا ٱلْحَيَوٰةُ ٱلدُّنْيَآ إِلَّا مَتَـٰعُ ٱلْغُرُورِ

Know ye (all), that the life of this world is but play and amusement, pomp and mutual boasting and multiplying, (in rivalry) among yourselves, riches and children. Here is a similitude: How rain and the growth which it brings forth, delight (the hearts of) the tillers; soon it withers; thou wilt see it grow yellow; then it becomes dry and crumbles away. But in the Hereafter is a Penalty severe (for the devotees of wrong). And Forgiveness from Allah and (His) Good Pleasure (for the devotees of Allah). And what is the life of this world, but goods and chattels of deception?

Occurrences of this form in the Qur’ān, not Lane’s choice of verse. They show the word in use; they do not say which sense above applies. Where more occur than are shown, the shortest āyāt are chosen.

Show Lane's original text
What is broken in pieces, of a thing that is dry, or tough. (S, K. [In the CK, by the accidental omission of وَ كَغُرَابٍ , this signification and the next here following, from the K, are assigned to صَعْدَةٌ حِطَمٌ . See حِطْمَةٌ , which, accord. to some copies of the K, is syn. with حُطَامٌ in the sense explained above.]) And Fragments of eggs; (A, TA;) or of an egg-shell; so in a verse of Et-Tirimmáh: (TA:) or the shell of the egg. (K.) [See a tropical usage of it in an ex. cited, from a trad., voce ثُمَامٌ .] حُطَامُ الدُّنْيَا The frail, or perishing, goods, or possessions, of the present world: accord. to Z, from حُطَامٌ signifying the “ fragments ” of eggs: (TA:) or [simply] the goods of the present world. (TA in art. عرض .)
Nounحَطُومٌ1 sense

Core sense — the lion that crushes what he devours; a crushing windgenerated

1

The lion, that crushes, or bruises, everything he devours; also حَطَّامٌ and مِحْطَمٌ.

And: a wind that crushes everything.

Show Lane's original text
The lion, (K,) that crushes, or bruises, everything that he devours; (TA;) as also حَطَّامٌ and مِحْطَمٌ . (K.) And A wind ( رِيح ) that crushes everything. (TA.)
Nounحَطِيمٌ2 senses · 1 main

Core sense — herbage left from the previous year; a certain part at the Kaabehgenerated

1

Herbage remaining from the preceding year: because it is dry and broken in pieces.

1.1the حِجْر [which see] of Mekkeh, that is, of the Kaabeh—الحَطِيمُ

Or the part between the black angle and the door and the Makām, where the people crowd together to offer up their supplications, so that they crush or press upon one another; and there the pagans used to make their confederacies.

It is excluded from the Kaabeh. One account makes it the part next the spout; another, the part in, or rather over, which the spout is.

So called because it was left broken when the House was raised; or because the Arabs used to throw into it, or upon it, the clothes in which they performed their circuits, and these stayed there until they were broken by length of time.

I' Ab: the wall of the حِجْر of the Kaabeh — the wall over which the spout of the Kaabeh is; the wall that partly encloses the حِجْر of the Kaabeh, on the western, or rather north-western, side.

Or the part between the angle [of the Black Stone] and the well of Zemzem and the Makām [of Ibrāheem], and, some add, the حِجْر; or from the Makām to the door.

Show Lane's original text
Herbage remaining from the preceding year: (Lh, K:) because dry, and broken in pieces. (Lh, TA.) الحَطِيمُ The حِجْر [q. v.] (Msb, K) of Mekkeh, (Msb,) [i. e.] of the Kaa- beh; (K;) which is excluded from the Kaabeh; said in the M to be of the part next the spout; and in the T, to be that in [or rather over] which is the spout: so called because it was left broken when the House was raised: or because the Arabs used to throw in it, or upon it, the clothes in which they performed their circuitings, and it remained until it became broken by length of time: (TA:) or the wall of the حِجْر of the Kaabeh; (I' Ab, S, K;) the wall over which is the spout of the Kaabeh; (Ham p. 710;) the wall that [partly] encloses the حِجْر of the Kaabeh, on the western [or rather north-western] side: (Har p. 389:) or the part between the angle [of the Black Stone] and [the well of] Zemzem and the Makám [-Ibrá- heem] and, some add, the حِجْر : or from the Makám to the door: (K:) or the part between the black angle and the door and the Makám, where the people crowd together to offer up their supplications, so that they crush, or bruise, or press upon, one another: (K, * TA:) and there the pagans used to confederate. (K.)
Nounحُطَامَةٌ1 sense

Core sense — a fragment of something broken in piecesgenerated

1

See حِطْمَةٌ.

Show Lane's original text
: see حِطْمَةٌ .
Nounحَطَّامٌ1 sense

Core sense — one who breaks, or crushes, muchgenerated

1

See حَطُومٌ and حُطَمٌ.

Show Lane's original text
: see حَطُومٌ : and حُطَمٌ .
Nounحَاطُومٌ2 senses · 1 main

Core sense — dearth, drought; a digestivegenerated

1

See حَطْمَةٌ.

1.1figurative · مجاز[Excellent is the digestive of food, the melon, or water-melon]—نِعْمَ حَاطُومُ الطَّعَامِ البِطِّيخُ

Also: a digestive; the same as هَاضُومٌ. [In one printed copy, wrongly, حاضوم.]

It is implied that this is also a meaning of حَطْمَةٌ and حُطْمَةٌ, which it is not.

Show Lane's original text
: see حَطْمَةٌ . Also A digestive; syn. هَاضُومٌ . (K, TA. [In the CK, erroneously, حاضوم .]) It is implied in the K that this is also a signification of حَطْمَةٌ and حُطْمَةٌ ; which it is not. (TA.) One says, نِعْمَ حَاطُومُ الطَّعَامِ البِطِّيخُ [Excellent, or most excellent, is the digestive of food, the melon, or water-melon]. (A, TA.)
Nounمِحْطَمٌ1 sense

Core sense — that which breaks, or crushesgenerated

1

See حَطُومٌ.

Show Lane's original text
: see حَطُومٌ .