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حسم

Form 1 · Form 7  ·  7 entries  ·  Qur'ānic frequency 1

Form 1حَسَمَهُ5 senses · 2 main
muḍāriʿـِيَفْعِلُmaṣdarحَسْمٌ حُسُومٌ

Core sense — he cut it off entirely; he cauterized it; he stopped itgenerated

1.1

He cut it, or cut it off; he cut it off entirely.

Muḍāriʿ حَسِمَ.

1.1.1he cut the vein, and then cauterized it to stop the flow of blood—حَسَمَ العِرْقَ

Hence حَسْمُ العَرْقِ.

Maṣdar as above.

Or this is a phrase with a word left out, originally حَسَمَ دَمَ العِرْقِ, meaning he stopped the flow of blood from the vein by cauterizing.

[Cut off his hand, then cauterize it], so that the blood may stop—اِقْطَعُوهُ ثُمَّ ٱحْسِمُوهُ

Also said as اِقْطَعُوا يَدَهُ ثُمَّ ٱكْوُوهَا.

I cauterized the beast by successive operations—حَسَمْتُ الدَّابَّةَ
Lane cites “Bd in lxix. 7” — a commentary, not the verse; no modern number is given
1.1.2he stopped the disease by a remedy—حَسَمَ الدَّآءَ
his mother stopped his sucking—حَسَمَتْهُ أُمُّهُ الرِّضَاعَ
his mother stopped his food—الغِذَآءَ
[his sucking was stopped]—حُسِمَ رِضَاعُهُ
he prevented such a one from attaining the thing—حَسَمَ فُلَانًا الشَّىْءَ
I cut off the thing from him, so that he cannot attain any of it—أَنَا أَحْسِمُ عَلَى فُلَانٍ الأَمْرَ

Maṣdar as above.

Said of a child.

Maṣdar as above.

See also حُسُومٌ below.

1.1.3it caused them to pass away, cease, perish, or come to nothing—حَسَمَهُمْ

Muḍāriʿ حَسِمَ.

See also حُسُومٌ below.

1.2he strove, laboured, and wearied himself in work—حَسَمَ فِى العَمَلِ

. (Yoo)

Show Lane's original text
, (S, Msb, K,) aor حَسِمَ , (Msb, K,) inf. n. حَسْمٌ , (Mgh, Msb,) He cut it; or cut it off: (S, Msb, K:) he cut it off entirely. (Mgh, Msb.) Hence, حَسْمُ العَرْقِ : (S:) you say, حَسَمَ العِرْقَ , (K,) inf. n. as above, (TA,) He cut the vein, and then cauterized it to prevent the flow of the blood: (K:) or this is an elliptical expression, originally حَسَمَ دَمَ العِرْقِ , meaning he stopped the flow of blood from the vein by cauterization. (Msb.) And hence, (Mgh,) اِقْطَعُوهُ ثُمَّ ٱحْسِمُوهُ , (S, Mgh,) or اِقْطَعُوا يَدَهُ ثُمَّ ٱكْوُوهَا [Cut ye off his hand, then cauterize it], (S, * Mgh, * TA,) in order that the blood may stop. (S, Mgh, TA.) You say also, حَسَمْتُ الدَّابَّةَ , meaning I cauterized the beast by successive operations. (Bd in lxix. 7.) [Hence, also,] حَسَمَ الدَّآءَ , (K,) inf. n. as above, (TA,) He stopped the disease by a remedy. (K.) And حَسَمَتْهُ أُمُّهُ الرِّضَاعَ , and الغِذَآءَ , His mother stopped his sucking, and his food: (TA:) and حُسِمَ رِضَاعُهُ [His sucking was stopped]; (K;) said of a child. (TA.) And حَسَمَ فُلَانًا الشَّىْءَ , (K,) inf. n. as above, (TA,) He prevented such a one from attaining the thing. (K.) And أَنَا أَحْسِمُ عَلَى فُلَانٍ الأَمْرَ I cut off from him the thing, so that he cannot attain aught thereof. (TA.) See also حُسُومٌ , below. You say also, حَسَمَهُمْ , aor حَسِمَ , inf. n. حُسُومٌ , It caused them to pass away, come to an end, cease, perish, or come to nought. (Zj, TA.) See, again, حُسُومٌ , below. حَسَمَ فِى العَمَلِ , (TK,) inf. n. حُسُومٌ , (Yoo, K,) He strove, laboured, toiled, or exerted himself, and wearied himself, in work. (Yoo, K, TK.)
Form 7انحسم1 sense

Core sense — it became cut, or cut off entirelygenerated

7.1

It was, or became, cut, or cut off. [Or it became cut off entirely: see 1, of which this is the quasi-passive.]

Show Lane's original text
It was, or became, cut, or cut off: (S, Msb, K:) [or it was, or became, cut off entirely: see 1, of which it is the quasi-pass.]

Derived nouns 5

Nounحُسُامٌ2 senses · 1 main

Core sense — a sword, or a sharp sword; the edge of a swordgenerated

1

A sword, so called because it cuts what it comes upon; or a sharp sword.

Applied in the same sense to a [knife such as is termed] مُدْيَة.

And (or, in another version, “or”) the edge of a sword, with which one strikes.

1.1a lasting night—لَيْلَةٌ حُسَامٌ

Or a night of lasting evil especially.

Show Lane's original text
A sword; because it cuts that upon which it comes: (Msb:) or a sharp sword; (S, K, TA;) and in the same sense applied to a [knife such as is termed] مُدْيَة : (TA:) and (so in the S, but in the K “ or ”) the edge of a sword, with which one strikes. (S, K.) لَيْلَةٌ حُسَامٌ A lasting night: (K:) or a night of lasting evil, especially. (TA.)
Nounحُسُومٌ2 senses · 1 main

Core sense — unluckiness; consecutiveness, continuous from first to last; cutting off goodgenerated

1

Unluckiness, or inauspiciousness. Some explain the word in this way in the passage that follows.

1.1he sent the wind upon them by force, [seven nights and eight days] consecutively—سَخَّرَهَا عَلَيْهِمْ سَبْعَ لَيَالِ وَ ثَمَانِيَةَ أَيَّامٍ حُسُومًا

In the Qur 69:7. Or: he made it prevail against them by his power.

The expression is taken from the repetition of the act of cauterizing, the act of the حَاسِم; so this word is applied to anything made consecutive, and حُسُومٌ is its plural.

Or حُسُومٌ means the making consecutive; and, as an adjective, consecutive, and continuous from first to last.

Or, according to some, الأَيَّامُ الحُسُومٌ means the days that are consecutive with evil especially; and ISd thinks this to be the meaning.

Or اللَّيَالِى الحُسُومُ means the nights that cut off good, or prosperity, from their people.

Or حُسُومًا in the Qur means causing them to pass away, cease, perish, or come to nothing.

Or it may be a maṣdar, meaning for the purpose of cutting off; or the maṣdar of a verb meant to be understood, describing the state, i.e. تَحْسِمُهُمْ حُسُومًا [agreeing with Zj's explanation]; and this is confirmed by the reading with fetḥ [i.e. حَسُومًا, though that is a very rare form of maṣdar].

One says أَيَّامٌ حُسُومٌ, where the latter word is a maṣdar used as an adjective, meaning cutting off, or preventing, good or prosperity; and أَيَّامُ حُسُومٍ has a similar meaning.

Qur’ān 69:7 matched to Lane’s own quotation of it Lane cites “Kur lxix. 7”
Lane cites “Bd in lxix. 7” — a commentary, not the verse; no modern number is given
Qur’ān 69:7 Lane quotes this verse
سَخَّرَهَا عَلَيْهِمْ سَبْعَ لَيَالٍ وَثَمَـٰنِيَةَ أَيَّامٍ حُسُومًا فَتَرَى ٱلْقَوْمَ فِيهَا صَرْعَىٰ كَأَنَّهُمْ أَعْجَازُ نَخْلٍ خَاوِيَةٍ

He made it rage against them seven nights and eight days in succession: so that thou couldst see the (whole) people lying prostrate in its (path), as they had been roots of hollow palm-trees tumbled down!Abdullah Yusuf Ali, The Holy Qur’ān (1934)

Qur’ānic occurrences حُسُوم
69:7
سَخَّرَهَا عَلَيْهِمْ سَبْعَ لَيَالٍ وَثَمَـٰنِيَةَ أَيَّامٍ حُسُومًا فَتَرَى ٱلْقَوْمَ فِيهَا صَرْعَىٰ كَأَنَّهُمْ أَعْجَازُ نَخْلٍ خَاوِيَةٍ

He made it rage against them seven nights and eight days in succession: so that thou couldst see the (whole) people lying prostrate in its (path), as they had been roots of hollow palm-trees tumbled down!

Occurrences of this form in the Qur’ān, not Lane’s choice of verse. They show the word in use; they do not say which sense above applies. Where more occur than are shown, the shortest āyāt are chosen.

Show Lane's original text
Unluckiness, or inauspiciousness. (S, * K, * TA.) Some explain it thus in the passage here following. (S, * TA.) سَخَّرَهَا عَلَيْهِمْ سَبْعَ لَيَالِ وَ ثَمَانِيَةَ أَيَّامٍ حُسُومًا , in the Kur lxix. 7, means He sent it (the wind) upon them by force, (Jel,) or made it to prevail against them by his power, (Bd,) [seven nights and eight days] consecutively; (T, S, Bd, K, Jel;) an expression taken from the repetition of the act of cauterization, (T, Bd, Jel.) i. e. the act of the حَاسِم ; (Jel;) whence this word ( حاسم ) is applied to anything made consecutive; (T, TA;) and حُسُومٌ is its pl.: (T, Bd, TA:) or حُسُومٌ signifies the making consecutive. and, as an epithet, consecutive, and continuous from first to last: (Fr, TA:) or, accord. to some, الأَيَّامُ الحُسُومٌ means the days that are consecutive with evil especially; and such ISd thinks to be the meaning: (TA:) or اللَّيَالِى الحُسُومُ means the nights that cut off good, or prosperity, ( تَحّسِمُ الخَيْرَ ,) from their people: (S, * K: [and the like is said by Bd in lxix. 7:]) or حُسُومًا in the Kur means causing them to pass away, come to an end, cease, perish, or come to nought: (Zj, T:) or it may be an inf. n., meaning for the purpose of cutting off: or an inf. n. of a verb meant to be understood, as a denotative of state; i. e. تَحْسِمُهُمْ حُسُومًا [agreeably with the explanation of Zj]; and this is confirmed by the reading with fet-h [i. e. حَسُومًا , though this is a very rare form of inf. n.]: (Bd:) you say أَيَّامٌ حُسُومٌ , (K,) in which case the latter word is an inf. n. used as an epithet, meaning cutting off, or preventing, good, or prosperity; (TA;) and أَيَّامُ حُسُومٍ , which has a similar meaning. (K, TA.)
Nounحَاسِمٌ1 sense

Core sense — cutting off, or stoppinggenerated

1

Plural حُسُومٌ: see that word.

Show Lane's original text
; pl. حُسُومٌ : see this latter word.
Nounمَحْسَمَةٌ1 sense

Core sense — a cause, or means, of cutting off or stopping somethinggenerated

1this is a means of cutting off, or stopping, the disease—هٰذَا مَحْسَمَةٌ لِلدَّآءِ

A cause, or means, of cutting off, or stopping. Synonymous with مَقْطَعَةٌ.

[Keep to fasting, for it is] a means of stopping sexual intercourse—عَلَيْكُمْ بِالصَّوْمِ فَإِنَّهُ مَحْسَمَةٌ لِلْعِرْقِ وَ مَذْهَبَةٌ لِلْأَشَرِ

From a tradition. [And a means of dispelling exultation, or excessive exultation, and of resting the mind upon things agreeable with natural desire.] Or an impediment to sexual appetite, a cause of diminishing the seminal fluid, and of stopping sexual intercourse or passion, and the like.

Show Lane's original text
A cause, or means, of cutting off, or stopping; (T, K, TA;) syn. مَقْطَعَةٌ . (T, TA.) So in the saying, هٰذَا مَحْسَمَةٌ لِلدَّآءِ This is a cause, or means, of cutting off, or stopping, the disease. (K, * TA.) And hence, (TA,) عَلَيْكُمْ بِالصَّوْمِ فَإِنَّهُ مَحْسَمَةٌ لِلْعِرْقِ وَ مَذْهَبَةٌ لِلْأَشَرِ , a trad., (T, S, TA,) meaning [Keep ye to fasting, for it is] a cause, or means, of stopping venereal intercourse, [and a cause, or means, of dispelling exultation, or excessive exultation, and resting the mind upon things agreeable with natural desire:] (TA:) or an impediment to venery, and a cause of diminishing the seminal fluid, and of stopping venereal intercourse or passion, &c. (T, TA.)
Nounمَحْسُومٌ1 sense

Core sense — a child whose sucking or food is stopped; a badly fed childgenerated

1[The lapping of a little puppy that had been badly fed]—وَلْغُ جُرَىٍّ كَانَ مَحْسُومًا

A child whose sucking is stopped; and whose food is stopped. And a child badly fed.

Hence the proverb, said when a greedy person takes much of a thing that he had not been able to obtain and has now become able to obtain; or when ordering someone to take much while he is able.

Another reading gives مَحْشُومًا in place of مَحْسُومًا.

Show Lane's original text
A child (TA) whose sucking is stopped: (K, TA:) and whose food is stopped. (TA.) And A child badly fed. (S, K.) Hence the prov., وَلْغُ جُرَىٍّ كَانَ مَحْسُومًا [The lapping of a little puppy that had been badly fed]: said on the occasion of a greedy person's taking much of a thing that he had not been able to obtain, and that he had became able to obtain; or in ordering one to take much when able. (TA. [See Freytag's Arab. Prov. ii. 817; where another reading is given, namely, مَحْشُومًا in the place of مَحْسُومًا , as well as the reading here given.])