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حزن

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Form 1حَزِنَ4 senses · 3 main
muḍāriʿـَيَفْعَلُ·ـُيَفْعُلُmaṣdarحَزَنٌ حُزْنٌ حُزُونَةٌ

Core sense — he grieved, he was sorrowful; he grieved him; the ground was rugged and hardgenerated

1.1he was, or became, affected with grief; he grieved, mourned, or was sorrowful, sad, or unhappy—حُزْن

maṣdar حَزَنٌ, احتزن, تحزّن, and تحازن.

One says عَلَيْهِ and لَهُ for him or it.

لَا تَحْزَنْ and لَا تَحْزَنُوا, in the Qur'ān [9:40 and 3:133], do not forbid feeling حُزْن, since حُزْن does not come by a person's will. The real meaning is: do not do what brings on حُزْن; do not acquire حُزْن. Er-Rāghib. [But this needs consideration; or rather, it is not acceptable in every case.]

1.2he, or it, grieved him; he made him sorrowful, sad, or unhappy—حَزَنَهُ

maṣdar حُزْنٌ and احزنهُ.

Said of another person, or of an affair, an event, or a case: he caused him to be affected with حُزْن.

According to Yz, the first is of the dialect of Kureysh and the second of the dialect of Temeem; Th and Az say the same. But the first is said to be the more approved.

Or, according to AZ, the muḍāriʿ of the first is used but not its past tense; and when the act is ascribed to God, the second verb is used. Z also says that what is well known in usage is the past tense of the second and the muḍāriʿ of the first.

Or احزنهُ means he made him حَزِين; and حَزَنَهُ [in some copies of the K حزّنهُ] means he made حُزْن to be in him; or حَزَنَهُ means it caused him to fall into حُزْن.

1.3the ground was, or became, rough, or rugged and hard—حَزُنَتِ الأَرْضُ

Maṣdar حُزُونَةٌ and استحزنت.

1.3.1figurative · مجازhe is rough in pace—يَحْزُنُ المَشْىَ
in him is roughness in pace—فِيهِ حُزُونَةٌ

on this sense Said of a beast that is not easy to ride.

Qur’ānic occurrences Form 1 4 shown of 37
10:62
أَلَآ إِنَّ أَوْلِيَآءَ ٱللَّهِ لَا خَوْفٌ عَلَيْهِمْ وَلَا هُمْ يَحْزَنُونَ

Behold! verily on the friends of Allah there is no fear, nor shall they grieve;

27:70
وَلَا تَحْزَنْ عَلَيْهِمْ وَلَا تَكُن فِى ضَيْقٍ مِّمَّا يَمْكُرُونَ

But grieve not over them, nor distress thyself because of their plots.

36:76
فَلَا يَحْزُنكَ قَوْلُهُمْ ۘ إِنَّا نَعْلَمُ مَا يُسِرُّونَ وَمَا يُعْلِنُونَ

Let not their speech, then, grieve thee. Verily We know what they hide as well as what they disclose.

43:68
يَـٰعِبَادِ لَا خَوْفٌ عَلَيْكُمُ ٱلْيَوْمَ وَلَآ أَنتُمْ تَحْزَنُونَ

My devotees! no fear shall be on you that Day, nor shall ye grieve,-

Occurrences of this form in the Qur’ān, not Lane’s choice of verse. They show the word in use; they do not say which sense above applies. Where more occur than are shown, the shortest āyāt are chosen.

Show Lane's original text
, (S, Msb, K,) aor. حَزَنَ , (Msb, K,) inf. n. حَزَنٌ ; (Msb, TA;) and احتزن , and تحزّن , (S, K,) and تحازن ; (K;) He was, or became, affected with حُزْن [q. v.; i. e. he grieved, mourned, or lamented; or was sorrowful, sad, or unhappy; &c.; عَلَيْهِ and لَهُ for him or it]. (S, Msb, K.) لَا تَحْزَنْ and لَا تَحْزَنُوا , in the Kur [ix. 40, &c., and iii. 133], do not denote a prohibition of getting حُزْن ; for حُزْن does not come by the will of man: the real meaning is Do not thou, and ye, that which engenders حُزْن ; do not thou, and ye, acquire حُزْن . (Er-Rághib. [But this requires consideration; or, rather, is not in every case admissible.]) حَزَنَهُ , (S, Msb, K,) aor. حَزُنَ , (Msb, TA,) inf. n. حُزْنٌ ; (K;) and احزنهُ ; He, (another person, S,) or it, (an affair, or an event, or a case, Msb, K,) caused him to be affected with حُزْن [which see below; i. e. grieved him; or caused him to mourn or lament, or to be sorrowful or sad or unhappy; &c.]: (S, Msb, K:) accord. to Yz, (S,) the former is of the dial. of Kureysh; and the latter, of the dial. of Temeem: (S, Msb:) and so say Th and Az: (Msb, TA:) but the former is said to be the more approved: (TA:) or, accord. to AZ, the aor. of the former is used, but not the pret.; (Msb, TA;) and when the act is ascribed to God, the latter verb is used: Z, also, says that what is well known in usage is the employing the pret. of the latter and the aor. of the former: (TA:) or احزنهُ signifies he made him حَزِين [q. v.]; and حَزَنَهُ , [in some copies of the K حزّنهُ ,] he made حُزْن to be in him: (Sb, K:) or حَزَنَهُ , it caused him to fall into حُزْن . (TA.) حَزُنَتِ الأَرْضُ , (TA,) inf. n. حُزُونَةٌ ; (S, TA;) and استحزنت ; (TA;) The ground was, or became, rough, (TA,) or rugged and hard. (S.) One says also of a beast that is not easy to ride upon, يَحْزُنُ المَشْىَ [He is rough in pace]: and فِيهِ حُزُونَةٌ [In him is roughness in pace]. (TA.)
Form 2يَقْرَأُ بِالتَّحْزِينِ2 senses · 1 main

Core sense — he recites with a slender, plaintive voicegenerated

2.1

He reads, or recites, with a slender and plaintive voice.

2.1.1

See also form 1.

Show Lane's original text
He reads, or recites, with a slender [and plaintive] voice. (S, K.) See also 1.
Form 4احزنهُ3 senses · 2 main

Core sense — he grieved him; he was in rugged, hard groundgenerated

4.1

See form 1.

4.2the place of alighting, or abode, was, or became, rough, or rugged and hard, for us—احزن بنَا المَنْزلُ

Or: it made us to be on rugged ground.

4.2.1figurative · مجاز — inferredhe was, or became, in a rugged tract—احزن

That is, in a tract termed حَزْن [rugged, or rugged and hard: the opposite of أَسْهَلَ].

they used roughness with men—احزنوا

And hence this expression, which is the opposite of اسهلوا. See the article سهل.

Show Lane's original text
: see 1. احزن بنَا المَنْزلُ The place of alighting, or abode, was, or became, rough, or rugged and hard, with us: or made us to be on rugged ground. (TA.) And احزن He was, or became, in a tract such as is termed حَزْن [i. e. rugged, or rugged and hard: opposed to أَسْهَلَ ]. (K.) [And hence,] احزنوا They used roughness with men: opposed to اسهلوا . (TA in art. سهل .)
Form 5تَحَزَّنَ2 senses · 1 main

Core sense — he grieved, he lamented for himgenerated

5.1

See form 1.

5.1.1he expressed pain, grief, or sorrow for him or it; he lamented, or moaned, for him—تحزّن عَلَيْه

Synonymous with تَوَجَّعَ.

Show Lane's original text
see 1. تحزّن عَلَيْه He expressed pain, grief, or sorrow, or he lamented, or moaned, for, or on account of, him, or it; syn. تَوَجَّعَ . (K.)
Form 6تَحَاْزَنَ1 sense

Core sense — he grieved, he was sorrowfulgenerated

6.1

See form 1.

Show Lane's original text
see 1.
Form 8إِحْتَزَنَ1 sense

Core sense — he grieved, he became sorrowfulgenerated

8.1

See form 1.

Show Lane's original text
see 1.
Form 10إِسْتَحْزَنَ1 sense

Core sense — he grieved, he became sorrowfulgenerated

10.1

See form 1.

Show Lane's original text
see 1.

Derived nouns 18

Nounحَزْنٌ1 sense

Core sense — rugged and hard ground; rugged high groundgenerated

1land of a rugged, or rugged and hard, or rugged and high, kind—أَرْضٌ حَزْنِيَّةٌ

Rugged and hard ground; or rugged high ground. [See also حَزْمٌ.] Good land, though hard, is not called this. Plural حُزُونٌ.

حَزْنَةٌ means the same as حَزْنٌ. Some say that حُزُونٌ, with two dammehs, means the same; others say it is a plural of حَزْنٌ.

Meaning the same as حَزْنٌ.

Show Lane's original text
Rugged (S, Msb, K) and hard (S) ground: (S, Msb, K:) or rugged high ground: (TA: [see also حَزْمٌ :]) good land, though hard, is not thus termed: (ISh:) pl. حُزُونٌ : (Msb, TA:) and حَزْنَةٌ signifies the same as حَزْنٌ : (K:) so too, as some say, does حُزُونٌ , with two dammehs; or, as others say, this is a pl. of حَزْنٌ : and you say also أَرْضٌ حَزْنِيَّةٌ [meaning the same as حَزْنٌ , or land of a rugged, or rugged and hard, or rugged and high, kind]. (TA.)
Nounحُزْنٌ1 sense

Core sense — grief, mourning, sorrow, sadnessgenerated

1grief, mourning, lamentation, sorrow, sadness, or unhappiness—حَزَنٌ

AA says that the first form is used when the nominative or genitive case is employed, and the second when the accusative is employed; or the first is a simple noun and the second a maṣdar.

The opposite of سُرُورٌ; or the same as هَمٌّ.

El-Munáwee: [هَمٌّ, in common usage, is for some evil that is expected to happen; whereas] حُزْنٌ is grief arising from an unpleasant event that has happened, or from an object of love that has passed away, and is the opposite of فَرَحٌ.

Er-Rāghib: a roughness in the spirit brought on by grief.

Plural أَحْزَانٌ [properly a plural of paucity; but] it has no other plural.

the year of mourning—عَامُ الحُزْنِ
Praise be to God, who has removed grief from us—عَنَّا الحَزَنَ الحَمْدُ لِلّهِ ٱلَّذِي أَذْهَبَ

In it died Khadeejeh and Aboo-Ṭālib; Moḥammad gave it this name.

In the Qur'ān [35:31]. It is said to mean the anxiety of the morning and evening meals; or all grieving anxiety about the means of subsistence; or the grief of punishment; or the grief of death.

Qur’ānic occurrences حُزْن 1 shown of 2
12:86
قَالَ إِنَّمَآ أَشْكُوا۟ بَثِّى وَحُزْنِىٓ إِلَى ٱللَّهِ وَأَعْلَمُ مِنَ ٱللَّهِ مَا لَا تَعْلَمُونَ

He said: "I only complain of my distraction and anguish to Allah, and I know from Allah that which ye know not...

Occurrences of this form in the Qur’ān, not Lane’s choice of verse. They show the word in use; they do not say which sense above applies. Where more occur than are shown, the shortest āyāt are chosen.

Show Lane's original text
and حَزَنٌ , (Lth, S, K,) the former said by AA to be used when the nom. or gen. case is employed, and the latter when the accus. is employed; (TA;) or the former is a simple subst., and the latter an inf. n.; (Msb;) Grief, mourning, lamentation, sorrow, sadness, or unhappiness; contr. of سُرُورٌ : (S, TA:) or i. q. هَمٌّ : (K:) or [ هَمٌّ , accord. to common usage, is for some evil that is expected to happen; whereas] حُزْنٌ is grief arising on account of an unpleasant event that has happened, or on account of an object of love that has passed away; and is the contr. of فَرَحٌ : (El-Munáwee, TA:) or a roughness in the spirit, occasioned by grief: (Er-Rághib, TA:) pl. أَحْزَانٌ ; (K;) [properly a pl. of pauc.; but] it has no other pl. (TA.) [Hence,] عَامُ الحُزْنِ The year [of mourning;] in which died Khadeejeh and Aboo-Tálib: (IAar, Th, K:) so called by Mohammad. (IAar, Th.) عَنَّا الحَزَنَ الحَمْدُ لِلّهِ ٱلَّذِي أَذْهَبَ , in the Kur [xxxv. 31], is said to mean [Praise be to God, who hath dispelled from us] the anxiety ( هَمّ ) of the morning and evening meals: or all grieving anxiety of the means of subsistence: or the grief of punishment: or of death. (TA.)
Nounحَزَنٌ1 sense

Core sense — grief, mourning, sorrowgenerated

1

See حُزْنٌ, in two places.

Qur’ānic occurrences حَزَن 1 shown of 3
35:34
وَقَالُوا۟ ٱلْحَمْدُ لِلَّهِ ٱلَّذِىٓ أَذْهَبَ عَنَّا ٱلْحَزَنَ ۖ إِنَّ رَبَّنَا لَغَفُورٌ شَكُورٌ

And they will say: "Praise be to Allah, Who has removed from us (all) sorrow: for our Lord is indeed Oft-Forgiving Ready to appreciate (service):

Occurrences of this form in the Qur’ān, not Lane’s choice of verse. They show the word in use; they do not say which sense above applies. Where more occur than are shown, the shortest āyāt are chosen.

Show Lane's original text
: see حُزْنٌ , in two places.
Nounحَزُنٌ1 sense

Core sense — grieving, sorrowful, sadgenerated

1

See حَزِينٌ.

Show Lane's original text
: see حَزِينٌ .
Nounحَزِنٌ1 sense

Core sense — grieving, sorrowful, sadgenerated

1

See حَزِينٌ.

Show Lane's original text
: see حَزِينٌ .
Nounحُزُنٌ1 sense

Core sense — rugged and hard groundgenerated

1

See حَزْنٌ.

Show Lane's original text
: see حَزْنٌ .
Nounحَزْنَةٌ1 sense

Core sense — rugged, or rugged and hard, landgenerated

1

See حَزْنٌ.

Show Lane's original text
: see حَزْنٌ .
Nounحُزْنَةٌ2 senses · 1 main

Core sense — rugged mountains; difficulties, hardshipsgenerated

1

Rugged mountains. Plural حُزَنٌ.

1.1figurative · مجاز — inferred

And hence the plural: difficulties, hardships, or distresses.

Show Lane's original text
Rugged mountains: pl. حُزَنٌ . (As, S, K.) And [hence,] the pl., Difficulties, hardships, or distresses. (TA.)
Nounحَزْنِىٌّ2 senses · 1 main

Core sense — a camel that pastures in rugged groundgenerated

1

A camel that pastures in a tract such as is termed حَزْنٌ.

1.1

أَرْضٌ حَزْنِيَّةٌ: see حَزْنٌ.

Show Lane's original text
A camel that pastures in a tract such as is termed حَزْنٌ . (S, TA.) أَرْضٌ حَزْنِيَّةٌ : see حَزْنٌ .
Nounحَزْنَانُ1 sense

Core sense — affected with violent, intense griefgenerated

1

Affected with violent, or intense, حُزْن [grief, mourning, and the like]; as also مِحْزَانٌ.

Show Lane's original text
Affected with vehement, or intense, حُزْن [i. e. grief, mourning, &c.]; as also مِحْزَانٌ . (K, * TA.)
Nounحَزُونٌ1 sense

Core sense — a sheep, or goat, evil in dispositiongenerated

1

A sheep, or goat, evil in disposition.

Show Lane's original text
A sheep, or goat, ( شَاةٌ ,) evil in disposition. (S, K.)
Nounحَزِينٌ3 senses · 1 main

Core sense — grieving, mourning, sorrowful, sadgenerated

1

Grieving, mourning, lamenting, sorrowful, sad, or unhappy; as also حَزِنٌ and حَزُنٌ.

[See also مَحْزُونٌ, with which, according to the K, all of these seem to be synonymous; the first may be regarded as properly synonymous with it by analogy, being from حَزَنَ, not from حَزُنَ.]

Plural حِزَانٌ, حُزَنَآءُ, and حَزَانَى; see also the word ضَرِيسٌ.

1.1a soft or gentle, easy, slender, plaintive, melodious voice—صَوْتٌ حَزِينٌ
1.2a certain bird—مَالِك الحَزِين

See the article ملك.

Show Lane's original text
(S, Msb, K) and حَزِنٌ (S, K) and حَزُنٌ (K) Grieving, mourning, lamenting, sorrowful, sad, or unhappy: (S, Msb, * K: * [see also مَحْزُونٌ ; with which, accord. to the K, all seem to be syn.; and with which the first may be regarded as properly syn. on the ground of analogy, being from حَزَنَ , not from حَزُنَ :]) pl. (of the first, TA) حِزَانٌ and حُزَنَآءُ (K, TA) and حَزَانَى . (K voce ضَرِيسٌ .) صَوْتٌ حَزِينٌ A soft or gentle, easy, slender, plaintive, and melodious, voice. (TA.) مَالِك الحَزِين A certain bird. (TA. [See art. ملك .])
Nounحُزَانَةٌ2 senses

Core sense — a man's family, or household, for whom he suffers grief and anxietygenerated

1such a one does not care, when his store-room is full, that his family go hungry—فُلَانٌ لَا يُبَالِى إِذَا شَبِعَتْ خِزَانَتُهُ أَنْ تَجُوعَ حُزَانَتُهُ

A man's family, or household, for whose case he suffers grief and anxiety. [And simply one's family, or household.]

2

A prior right which the Arabs enjoy over foreigners, on their first arrival in the foreigners' territory, with respect to the houses and lands.

Or a condition which the Arabs used to impose on the foreigners in Khurásán, when they took a town or district peacefully: that when the soldiery passed by them, singly or in companies, they should lodge them, feed them, and supply them with provisions for their march to another district.

Show Lane's original text
A man's family, or household, for whose case he suffers grief and anxiety. (S, K.) [And simply One's family, or household.] One says, فُلَانٌ لَا يُبَالِى إِذَا شَبِعَتْ خِزَانَتُهُ أَنْ تَجُوعَ حُزَانَتُهُ [Such a one cares not, when his store-room is full, that his family, or household, suffer hunger]. (A, TA.) A prior right which the Arabs enjoy over the foreigners, on their first arrival [in the territory of the latter],with respect to the houses and lands: (M, K:) or a condition which the Arabs used to impose upon the foreigners in Khurásán, when they took a town, or district, pacifically, that when the soldiery [of the former] passed by them, singly or in companies, they should lodge them, and entertain them, and supply them with provisions for their march to another district. (Az, TA.)
Nounحَيْزُونُ1 sense

Core sense — grieving, sorrowfulgenerated

1

See حَيْزُومُ, in the article حزم.

Show Lane's original text
: see حَيْزُومُ , in art. حزم .
Nounمُحْزَنٌ1 sense

Core sense — grieved, made sorrowful or sadgenerated

1

See مَحْزُونٌ.

Show Lane's original text
: see مَحْزُونٌ .
Nounمُحْزِنٌ1 sense

Core sense — grieving, causing one to mourn or lamentgenerated

1

[Grieving, or causing to mourn or lament, and the like:] applied to an event, or a case, and also to a voice, though حَازِنٌ is not applied to a voice.

Show Lane's original text
[Grieving, or causing to mourn or lament, &c.,] is applied to an event, or a case; and also, but not حَازِنٌ , to a voice. (TA.)
Nounمِحْزَانٌ1 sense

Core sense — affected with intense griefgenerated

1

See حَزْنَانُ.

Show Lane's original text
: see حَزْنَانُ .
Nounمَحْزُونٌ2 senses · 1 main

Core sense — grieved, made sorrowful or sadgenerated

1

Grieved; or made to mourn or lament, or to be sorrowful, sad, or unhappy; as also مَحْزَنٌ.

1.1rough in the angle of the lower jaw—مَحْزُونُ اللِّهْزِمَةِ

That is, rough in the لهزمة [apparently meaning the angle of the lower jaw, or the flesh on that part].

Also: having the لهزمة hanging down, by the relaxation of its muscle, as a result of grief.

Show Lane's original text
Grieved; or caused to mourn or lament, or to be sorrowful or sad or unhappy; (AA, S, K;) as also مَحْزَنٌ . (K.) مَحْزُونُ اللِّهْزِمَةِ Rough in the لهزمة [app. meaning the angle of the lower jaw, or the flesh on that part]: and having the لهزمة hanging down, [by the relaxation of its muscle,] in consequence of grief. (TA.)