حرس

Form 1 · Form 3 · Form 4 · Form 5 · 12 entries · Qur'ānic frequency 1

Form 1حَرَسَهُ2 senses · 1 main

muḍāriʿـُيَفْعُلُ·ـِيَفْعِلُmaṣdarحِرَاسَةٌ حَرْسٌ

Core sense — he guarded him, he took care of him; he stolegenerated

1.1he guarded him, being guarded by him—حارسهُ

. Or the first of these two is a simple noun, and the second a maṣdar only by analogy, though often used by [the Hanafee Imám] Mohammad. The verb means: he guarded, kept, or took care of, him or it.

See form 3 in the article ربأ.

[May God guard him from trial, or affliction]—حَرَسَهُ ٱللّٰهُ مِنَ البَلَآءِ

[May He continue guarding him]—أَدَامَ حِرَاسَتَهُ

1.1.1figurative · مجازhe stole—حَرَسَ

. Used ironically in this sense; see حَارِسٌ.

he stole a sheep or goat by night—احترس

he stole a sheep or goat from me—حَرَسَنِى شَاةً

he stole a sheep or goat from me—أَحْرَسَنِى

Or both verbs: he stole camels and sheep or goats by night, and ate them. Or this verb: he stole [a sheep or the like] from the mountain. El-Fárábee: or he took, or stole, a thing from the place of pasturage.

But this is perhaps a mistranscription for اِحْتَرَسَنِى.

Show Lane's original text

, (S, A, Mgh, Msb, K,) aor. حَرُسَ (S, Msb, TA) and حَرِسَ (TA,) inf. n. حِرَاسَةٌ (S, Mgh, K) and حَرْسٌ , (K,) or ↓ the former is a simple subst., (Msb,) and the latter is an inf. n. only on the authority of analogy, though often used by [the Hanafee Imám] Mohammad, (Mgh,) He guarded, kept, preserved, or took care of, him or it: (S, Mgh, Msb:) [and so حارسهُ ; or he guarded him, being guarded by him: see 3 in art. ربأ .] You say, حَرَسَهُ ٱللّٰهُ مِنَ البَلَآءِ [May God guard him from trial, or affliction]: and أَدَامَ حِرَاسَتَهُ [May He continue the guarding of him]. (A.) حَرَسَ , aor. حَرِسَ , (Msb, K,) inf. n. حَرْسٌ , (Msb,) He stole; (Msb, K;) [ironically used in this sense; see حَارِسٌ ;] as also احترس : (K:) or the latter, he stole a sheep or goat by night: (S:) or both, he stole camels and sheep or goats by night, and ate them: (TA:) or the latter, he stole [a sheep or the like] from the mountain: (El-Fárábee, Msb:) or he took, (Sh, TA,) or stole, (TA,) a thing from the place of pasturage. (Sh, TA.) You say also, حَرَسَنِى شَاةً , (A, Mgh,) and أَحْرَسَنِى , (A, TA,) [but the latter is perhaps a mistranscription for اِحْتَرَسَنِى ,] He stole from me a sheep or goat. (Mgh.)

Form 3حَاْرَسَ1 sense

Core sense — he guarded him, and was guarded by himgenerated

3.1

See form 1 above.

Show Lane's original text

see above.

Form 4أَحْرَسَ1 sense

Core sense — he took, or stole, a thing from the place of pasturagegenerated

4.1

See form 1, in its last sense.

Show Lane's original text

see 1, last signification.

Form 5تحرّس مِنْهُ1 sense

Core sense — he guarded himself against himgenerated

5.1he guarded himself against him—احترس منه

Synonymous with تحفّظ منه.

Show Lane's original text

, and احترس منه , He guarded, i. e., guarded himself, against him; syn. تحفّظ منه (S, Msb, K.)

Form 3حَاْرَسَ2 senses

Core sense — he guarded himself against himgenerated

3.1

See form 5.

3.2

Derived nouns 7

Nounحَرَسٌ1 sense

Core sense — guards, the guards of a sultangenerated

See حَارِسٌ, for the first of these, in two places.

Qur’ānic occurrences حَرَس

72:8

وَأَنَّا لَمَسْنَا ٱلسَّمَآءَ فَوَجَدْنَـٰهَا مُلِئَتْ حَرَسًا شَدِيدًا وَشُهُبًا

'And we pried into the secrets of heaven; but we found it filled with stern guards and flaming fires.

Occurrences of this form in the Qur’ān, not Lane’s choice of verse. They show the word in use; they do not say which sense above applies. Where more occur than are shown, the shortest āyāt are chosen.

Show Lane's original text

: see حَارِسٌ : for the former, in two places.

Nounحَرَسِىٌّ1 sense

Core sense — one of the guards, a single guard of a sultangenerated

See حَارِسٌ, for the first of these, in two places.

Show Lane's original text

: see حَارِسٌ : for the former, in two places.

Nounحِرَاسَةٌ2 senses

Core sense — guarding, keeping, taking care of somethinggenerated

See form 1.

2such a one eats stolen things—فُلَانٌ يَأْكُلُ الحِرَاسَاتِ

Or: he steals people's sheep or goats, one after another, and eats them.

Show Lane's original text

: see 1. فُلَانٌ يَأْكُلُ الحِرَاسَاتِ Such a one eats stolen things: (A:) or steals the sheep or goats of people, one after another, and eats of them. (TA.)

Nounحَرِيسَةٌ3 senses · 1 main

Core sense — what is guarded; a sheep or goat stolen by night; a stone wall for sheepgenerated

What is guarded, kept, or taken care of.

1.1figurative · مجازa sheep, or goat, overtaken by night before returning to its resting-place and stolen from the mountain—حَرِيسَةُ الجَبَلِ

A thing stolen; or a sheep, or goat, stolen by night. Of the measure فَعِيلَةٌ in the sense of the measure مَفْعُولَةٌ.

Or a sheep, or goat, that is stolen from among those guarded in the mountain. Or, as some say, the word comes from حَارِسٌ, applied ironically to a thief. Plural حَرَائِسُ.

[There shall be no amputation of the hand for a sheep, or goat, stolen by night from the mountain]—لَا قَطْعَ فِى حَرِيسَةِ الجَبَلِ

IF says that there are two explanations of the expression حريسة الجبل: some make it mean theft, or the thing stolen itself; others take the meaning to be that there shall be no amputation for [stealing] what is guarded in the mountain, because it is not a well-protected place. ISk says that الحَرِيسَةُ means السَّرِقَةُ.

1.2

A wall of stones, made for sheep or goats, to guard them.

Show Lane's original text

What is guarded, kept, preserved, or taken care of. (Msb.) A thing stolen: (K:) or a sheep, or goat, that is stolen by night: (S:) of the measure فَعِيلَةٌ in the sense of the measure مَفْعُولَةٌ : (TA:) hence, حَرِيسَةُ الجَبَلِ (S) a sheep, or goat, that is overtaken by the night before its return to its nightly resting-place, and is stolen from the mountain: (Msb:) or a sheep, or goat, that is stolen, of those that are guarded, or kept, in the mountain: or, as some say, from حَارِسٌ applied ironically to a thief: (Mgh:) pl. حَرَائِسُ (S, K.) Hence the saying, (TA,) لَا قَطْعَ فِى حَرِيسَةِ الجَبَلِ [There shall be no amputation of the hand for the sheep, or goat, that is stolen by night from the mountain]. (A, TA.) IF says that there are two explanations of the expression حريسة الجبل : some make it to signify theft, or the thing stolen, ( السَّرِقَةُ ,) itself: others make the meaning to be, that there shall be no amputation for [stealing] what is guarded, or kept, in the mountain, because it is not a place well protected: ISk says that الحَرِيسَةُ signifies السَّرِقَةُ . (Msb.) A wall of stones, made for sheep, or goats, (K,) to guard them. (TA.)

Nounحَارِسٌ2 senses · 1 main

Core sense — guarding; a guardian; the guards of a sultan; a thiefgenerated

1the guards of a sultan—حَرَسٌ

Guarding, keeping; a guardian, or keeper. Plural حَرَسٌ [or this is rather an ism jamʿ] and حُرَّاسٌ, and [plural of paucity] أَحْرَاسٌ.

So too حُرَّاسٌ; the first of the two is used in this way as a generic noun, and its ism waḥda is حَرَسِىٌّ. You do not say حَارِسٌ unless you mean by it the sense of guarding, without the quality of a generic noun.

1.1figurative · مجازa thief—مُحْتَرِسٌ

Also a thief; used in this sense ironically, because they found guardians to be thieves.

Plural of the first word, حُرَّاسٌ.

Show Lane's original text

Guarding, keeping, or preserving; a guardian, or keeper: (S, Mgh, Msb:) pl. حَرَسٌ (Mgh, Msb, K) [or this is rather a quasi-pl. n.] and حُرَّاسٌ (Msb, K) and [pl. of pauc.] أَحْرَاسٌ . (K.) حَرَسٌ also signifies The guards of a Sultán; (S, * Msb, K TA;) and so حُرَّاسٌ : (S, K:) the former is thus used as a gen. n.: (S, Msb:) and the n. un. is حَرَسِىٌّ : (S, Msb, K:) you do not say حَارِسٌ unless you mean to denote thereby the signification of guarding, or keeping, without the quality of a gen. n. (S, Msb.) Also A thief; used in this sense ironically; (A, Mgh, TA;) because they found guardians to be thieves; (A, TA;) and so مُحْتَرِسٌ : (TA:) pl. of the former, حُرَّاسٌ . (A.)

Nounمُحْتَرَسٌ1 sense

Core sense — one against whom a person guards himselfgenerated

1[From one like him does a person guard himself, while he is himself a guardian]—مُحْتَرَسٌ مِنْ مِثْلِهِ وَهْوَ حَارِسٌ

A proverb: said of one who finds fault with a bad man when he is himself worse; or of one who is entrusted with guarding a thing when one is not safe from his being unfaithful about it. [See also Freytag's Arab. Prov., ii. 706.]

Ism mafʿūl of form 8.

Show Lane's original text

[pass. part. n. of 8]. You say, مُحْتَرَسٌ مِنْ مِثْلِهِ وَهْوَ حَارِسٌ [From such as he does one guard himself, whereas he is a guardian]: a prov.: (S, K:) alluding to him who finds fault with a bad man when he is himself worse than he: (K:) or to him who is intrusted with the guarding of a thing when one is not secure from his being unfaithful with respect to it. (TA.) [See also Freytag's Arab. Prov., ii. 706.]

Nounمُحْتَرِسٌ1 sense

Core sense — one who guards himself; a thiefgenerated

See حَارِسٌ, in its last sense.

Show Lane's original text

: see حَارِسٌ , last signification.