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حرث

Form 1 · Form 4 · Form 8  ·  12 entries  ·  Qur'ānic frequency 14

Form 1حَرَثَ10 senses · 1 main
muḍāriʿـُيَفْعُلُ·ـِيَفْعِلُ·ـَيَفْعَلُحَرُبَmaṣdarحَرْثٌ

Core sense — he gained wealth; he sowed, or tilled, landgenerated

1.1he collected wealth—احترث

Muḍāriʿ حَرُبَ and حَرِبَ: he gained, acquired, or earned, wealth.

1.1.1figurative · مجازhe sought sustenance, and laboured hard, for his family—لِعِيَالِهِ

He sought, or sought to gain, sustenance, and laboured hard.

he worked for the goods of this world and for those of the world to come—احترث
labour for your good in the world to come—اُحْرُثْ لِآخِرَتِكَ
labour for your good in this world as though you were to live for ever—اُحْرُثْ لِدُنْيَاكَ كَأَنَّكَ تَعِيشُ أَبَدًا

From a tradition, which continues with what follows.

and work for your good in the world to come as though you were to die tomorrow—وَٱعْمَلْ لِآخِرَتِكَ كَأَنَّكَ تَمُوتُ غَدًا
1.1.2he sowed; he cast seed upon the ground—حَرَثَ

The first verb also means: he tilled, or cultivated, land, whether by sowing or by planting; or he ploughed up land for sowing; or he ploughed land, because doing so is a means of gain.

Muḍāriʿ حَرُبَ and حَرَبَ; maṣdar حَرْثٌ, حِرَاثَةٌ and احترث.

According to Bd, at 42:19, this is the primary meaning: see حَرْثٌ below.

he ploughed up the ground by much walking upon it—احرث

The first verb also has this meaning.

1.1.3

The first verb, muḍāriʿ حَرُبَ and حَرِبَ: he took, or had, four wives together.

1.1.4he had frequent intercourse with his wife—حَرَثَ ٱمْرَأَتَهُ

He had excessive, or frequent, sexual intercourse.

1.1.5figurative · مجازhe made a beast, a camel, or a horse, lean by journeying on it—احرث

The simple verb has this meaning too, said of a beast, a camel, a she-camel, or a horse.

It appears in article لهد as well; or the form is احترث.

1.1.6figurative · مجاز

He stirred a fire and made it burn up with the مِحْرَاث.

1.1.7figurative · مجاز

He examined, looked into, or investigated; apparently in an absolute sense.

But according to some of the leading lexicologists: he examined and studied the book, or the Qur'ān; he studied the Qur'ān; or he studied the Qur'ān long and thought deeply about it.

1.1.8figurative · مجاز — inferred

He called a thing, or an affair, to mind, and became excited by it.

Ru-beh says: [And the saying is forgotten if it is not called to mind so as to produce excitement]

shāhid
وَالقَوْلُ مَنْسِىٌّ إِذَا لَمْ يُحْرَثِ
1.1.9figurative · مجاز — inferred

He applied himself to the study of الفِقْه [i. e. the law]; or he learned that science.

Qur’ānic occurrences Form 1
56:63
أَفَرَءَيْتُم مَّا تَحْرُثُونَ

See ye the seed that ye sow in the ground?

Occurrences of this form in the Qur’ān, not Lane’s choice of verse. They show the word in use; they do not say which sense above applies. Where more occur than are shown, the shortest āyāt are chosen.

Show Lane's original text
, aor. حَرُبَ (S, Msb, K) and حَرِبَ , (K,) inf. n. حَرْثٌ , (S, A, Msb, K,) He gained, acquired, or earned, (S, A, K,) wealth; (S;) as also احترث : (Az, TA:) he collected wealth. (S, A, Msb, K.) He sought, sought after, or sought to gain, sustenance; and laboured diligently; لِعِيَالِهِ for his family; as also احترث : (TA:) he worked, or laboured, for the goods of the present world, (Az, TA,) and for those of the world to come. (Az, A, TA.) You say, اُحْرُثْ لِآخِرَتِكَ Labour for thy good in the world to come. (A, TA.) And it is said in a trad., اُحْرُثْ لِدُنْيَاكَ كَأَنَّكَ تَعِيشُ أَبَدًا (S, TA) Labour for thy good in the present world as though thou wert to live for ever: and, in continuation, وَٱعْمَلْ لِآخِرَتِكَ كَأَنَّكَ تَمُوتُ غَدًا and work for thy good in the world to come as though thou wert to die to-morrow. (TA.) Also حَرَثَ , (T, S, Mgh, Msb, K,) aor. حَرُبَ and حَرَبَ , (K,) inf. n. حَرْثٌ (T, Mgh, Msb, K) and حِرَاثَةٌ ; (TA;) and احترث ; (T, S;) He sowed; (T, S, K;) he cast seed upon the ground: (T, TA:) [accord. to Bd (xlii. 19), this is the primary signification: see حَرْثٌ , below:] and the former verb, he tilled, or cultivated, land, either by sowing or by planting: (TA:) or he ploughed up land for sowing: (Mgh, Msb:) or he ploughed land; because the doing so is a means of gain. (Ham p. 70.) And the former verb, He ploughed up the ground by much walking upon it; as also احرث . (TA.) Also, the former verb, (L, K,) aor. حَرُبَ and حَرِبَ , (K,) inf. n. حَرْثٌ , (A, L, K,) He took, or had, four wives together. (A, L, K.) Immoderatè inivit: (A, K:) multùm inivit. (IAar, L.) And حَرَثَ ٱمْرَأَتَهُ Multùm inivit mulierem suam. (IAar, L.) He emaciated, or rendered lean, (IAar, S, A, K,) a beast, (K,) or a camel, (IAar, TA,) or a she-camel, (IAar, S, A,) and a horse, (IAar, TA,) by journeying (IAar, S, A, K) thereon; (IAar, S, K;) as also احرث , (so in the A and L and TA, and in some copies of the S, in this art., and so in the S and L and K in art. لهد ,) or احترث . (So in some copies of the S in the present art.) He stirred a fire, (S, A, K,) and made it to burn up, (TA,) with the مِحْرَاث . (A, TA.) He examined, looked into, scrutinized, or investigated: (K, TA:) app. in an absolute sense: but accord. to some of the leading lexicologists, he examined, looked into, scrutinized, or investigated, and studied, the book, or the Kur-án: (TA:) he studied the Kur-án: (S:) or he studied the Kur-án long, and meditated upon it. (A, TA.) He called to mind a thing, or an affair, and became excited thereby: [for ex.,] Ru-beh says, 1 [And the saying is forgotten if it be not called to mind so as to produce excitement]. (TA.) وَالقَوْلُ مَنْسِىٌّ إِذَا لَمْ يُحْرَثِ He applied himself to the study of الفِقْه [i. e. the law]; or he learned the science so called. (K.)
Form 4أَحْرَبَ1 sense

Core sense — he made a beast lean by journeying on itgenerated

4.1

See form 1, in two places.

Show Lane's original text
see 1, in two places.
Form 8إِحْتَرَبَ1 sense

Core sense — he gained, or collected, wealth; he laboured for sustenancegenerated

8.1

See form 1, in four places.

Show Lane's original text
see 1, in four places.

Derived nouns 9

Nounحَرْثٌ8 senses · 1 main

Core sense — gain, acquisition; seed-produce; land ploughed for sowinggenerated

1figurative · مجاز — inferredgain, acquisition, or earning; and recompense, or reward—حَرِيثَةٌ

According to Bd, in the place referred to, this comes from the same word in the meaning “seed-produce”, but most lexicologists hold the reverse.

Plural حَرَائِثُ. The headword has the same meanings.

whoever desires the reward, or recompense, or the gain [of the world to come]—مَنْ كَانَ يُرِيدُ حَرْثَ الآخِرَةِ

In the Qur'ān 42:19.

Qur’ān 42:20 matched to Lane’s own quotation of it Lane cites “Kur xlii. 19”
Lane cites “Jel in xlii. 19” — a commentary, not the verse; no modern number is given
Lane cites “Jel in xlii. 19” — a commentary, not the verse; no modern number is given
Qur’ān 42:20 Lane quotes this verse
مَن كَانَ يُرِيدُ حَرْثَ ٱلْـَٔاخِرَةِ نَزِدْ لَهُۥ فِى حَرْثِهِۦ ۖ وَمَن كَانَ يُرِيدُ حَرْثَ ٱلدُّنْيَا نُؤْتِهِۦ مِنْهَا وَمَا لَهُۥ فِى ٱلْـَٔاخِرَةِ مِن نَّصِيبٍ

To any that desires the tilth of the Hereafter, We give increase in his tilth, and to any that desires the tilth of this world, We grant somewhat thereof, but he has no share or lot in the Hereafter.Abdullah Yusuf Ali, The Holy Qur’ān (1934)

1.1

A lot, share, or portion.

1.2

Worldly goods.

1.3figurative · مجاز

Seed-produce: what is grown, or raised, from seed, from date-stones, and by planting. A maṣdar used as a substantive; plural حُرُوثٌ.

1.4figurative · مجازa place ploughed for sowing—مَحْرَثٌ

The headword has this meaning too; plural مَحَارِثُ. Or land prepared for sowing. It is also said to mean a plain, or soft, place, perhaps because one ploughs in it. Being originally a maṣdar, it is used in a plural sense as well.

your wives are for you places in which you sow your offspring—نِسَآؤُكُمْ حَرْثٌ لَكُمْ

In the Qur'ān 2:223. Wives are thus likened to places that are ploughed for sowing.

Qur’ān 2:223 matched to Lane’s own quotation of it Lane cites “Kur ii. 223”
Lane cites “Jel in ii. 66” — a commentary, not the verse; no modern number is given
Qur’ān 2:223 Lane quotes this verse
نِسَآؤُكُمْ حَرْثٌ لَّكُمْ فَأْتُوا۟ حَرْثَكُمْ أَنَّىٰ شِئْتُمْ ۖ وَقَدِّمُوا۟ لِأَنفُسِكُمْ ۚ وَٱتَّقُوا۟ ٱللَّهَ وَٱعْلَمُوٓا۟ أَنَّكُم مُّلَـٰقُوهُ ۗ وَبَشِّرِ ٱلْمُؤْمِنِينَ

Your wives are as a tilth unto you; so approach your tilth when or how ye will; but do some good act for your souls beforehand; and fear Allah. And know that ye are to meet Him (in the Hereafter), and give (these) good tidings to those who believe.Abdullah Yusuf Ali, The Holy Qur’ān (1934)

1.5figurative · مجاز[How is your wife?]—كَيْفَ حَرْثُكَ

And hence: a wife, as in this saying.

1.6

A road, or beaten track, or the middle of a road, much trodden [as though ploughed] by the hoofs of horses or the like.

1.7

A ploughshare: so in Richardson's Persian, Arabic and English Dictionary, edited by Johnson, and apparently in the Munjid of Kr, under عُقَابٌ.

Qur’ānic occurrences حَرْث 5 shown of 10
2:205
وَإِذَا تَوَلَّىٰ سَعَىٰ فِى ٱلْأَرْضِ لِيُفْسِدَ فِيهَا وَيُهْلِكَ ٱلْحَرْثَ وَٱلنَّسْلَ ۗ وَٱللَّهُ لَا يُحِبُّ ٱلْفَسَادَ

When he turns his back, His aim everywhere is to spread mischief through the earth and destroy crops and cattle. But Allah loveth not mischief.

2:223
نِسَآؤُكُمْ حَرْثٌ لَّكُمْ فَأْتُوا۟ حَرْثَكُمْ أَنَّىٰ شِئْتُمْ ۖ وَقَدِّمُوا۟ لِأَنفُسِكُمْ ۚ وَٱتَّقُوا۟ ٱللَّهَ وَٱعْلَمُوٓا۟ أَنَّكُم مُّلَـٰقُوهُ ۗ وَبَشِّرِ ٱلْمُؤْمِنِينَ

Your wives are as a tilth unto you; so approach your tilth when or how ye will; but do some good act for your souls beforehand; and fear Allah. And know that ye are to meet Him (in the Hereafter), and give (these) good tidings to those who believe.

21:78
وَدَاوُۥدَ وَسُلَيْمَـٰنَ إِذْ يَحْكُمَانِ فِى ٱلْحَرْثِ إِذْ نَفَشَتْ فِيهِ غَنَمُ ٱلْقَوْمِ وَكُنَّا لِحُكْمِهِمْ شَـٰهِدِينَ

And remember David and Solomon, when they gave judgment in the matter of the field into which the sheep of certain people had strayed by night: We did witness their judgment.

42:20
مَن كَانَ يُرِيدُ حَرْثَ ٱلْـَٔاخِرَةِ نَزِدْ لَهُۥ فِى حَرْثِهِۦ ۖ وَمَن كَانَ يُرِيدُ حَرْثَ ٱلدُّنْيَا نُؤْتِهِۦ مِنْهَا وَمَا لَهُۥ فِى ٱلْـَٔاخِرَةِ مِن نَّصِيبٍ

To any that desires the tilth of the Hereafter, We give increase in his tilth, and to any that desires the tilth of this world, We grant somewhat thereof, but he has no share or lot in the Hereafter.

68:22
أَنِ ٱغْدُوا۟ عَلَىٰ حَرْثِكُمْ إِن كُنتُمْ صَـٰرِمِينَ

"Go ye to your tilth (betimes) in the morning, if ye would gather the fruits."

Occurrences of this form in the Qur’ān, not Lane’s choice of verse. They show the word in use; they do not say which sense above applies. Where more occur than are shown, the shortest āyāt are chosen.

Show Lane's original text
Gain, acquisition, or earning; (Jel in xlii. 19;) as also حَرِيثَةٌ ; of which the pl. is حَرَائِثُ : (K:) and recompense, or reward. (Bd and Jel in xlii. 19, and TA. [Accord. to Bd, in the place here referred to, this is from the same word as meaning “ seed-produce: but the reverse seems to be the case accord. to the generality of the lexicologists.]) مَنْ كَانَ يُرِيدُ حَرْثَ الآخِرَةِ , in the Kur xlii. 19, means Whoso desireth the reward, or recompense, (Bd,) or the gain, i. e. reward, or recompense, (Jel,) [of the world to come.] A lot, share, or portion. (TA.) Worldly goods. (TA.) Seed-produce: (S, * K, * TA:) what is grown, or raised, by means of seed, and by means of date-stones, and by means of planting: (Mgh:) an inf. n. used as a proper subst.: (Mgh, Msb:) pl. حُرُوثٌ . (Msb.) A place ploughed for sowing; (Mgh, Msb;) as also مَحْرَثٌ , (Msb,) pl. مَحَارِثُ : (Mgh, Msb:) or land prepared for sowing: (Jel in ii. 66:) and it is said to signify also a plain, or soft, place; perhaps because one ploughs in it. (Ham p. 70.) [Being originally an inf. n., it is also used in a pl. sense.] It is said in the Kur ii. 223, نِسَآؤُكُمْ حَرْثٌ لَكُمْ (Mgh, Msb) Your wives, or women, are unto you things wherein ye sow your offspring: (Bd, Jel:) they are thus likened to places that are ploughed for sowing. (Mgh, Msb.) [And hence,] A wife; as in the saying, كَيْفَ حَرْثُكَ [How is thy wife?]. (A, TA.) A road, or beaten track, or the middle of a road, that is much trodden [as though ploughed] by the hoofs of horses or the like. (K, * TA.) [A ploughshare: so in Richardson's Pers. Ar. and Engl. Dict., ed. by Johnson; and so, app., in the Munjid of Kr, voce عُقَابٌ .]
Nounحَرِيثَةٌ2 senses

Core sense — camels, or horses, made lean by travelgenerated

1

See حَرْثٌ.

2figurative · مجاز — inferredcamels made lean by travel—حَرَائِثُ
[we made them lean]—أَحْرَفْنَاهَا

El-Khattābee: this is the plural, applied originally to horses.

Of camels one generally says this, with ف.

a lean she-camel—نَاقَةٌ حَرْفٌ

El-Khattābee.

Show Lane's original text
: see حَرْثٌ . The pl., حَرَائِثُ , also signifies Camels emaciated by travel: (El-Khattá- bee, K:) originally applied to horses: of camels you [generally] say, أَحْرَفْنَاهَا [“ we rendered them lean ”], with ف ; and نَاقَةٌ حَرْفٌ means “ a lean she-camel. ” (El-Khattábee, TA.)
Nounحَرَّاثٌ2 senses · 1 main

Core sense — a sower, plougher, or tiller of land; one who eats muchgenerated

1a sower, plougher, tiller, or cultivator, of land—حَارِثٌ

The headword has the same meaning; the plural of this word is حُرَّاثٌ. Also: a plougher of land for sowing.

1.1

One who eats much; a great eater.

Show Lane's original text
A sower, plougher, tiller, or cultivator, of land; (S, TA;) as also حَارِثٌ [pl. حُرَّاثٌ ]: (KL:) a plougher of land for sowing. (Msb.) One who eats much; a great eater. (IAar, TA.)
Nounحَارِثٌ3 senses · 1 main

Core sense — a collector of property; the liongenerated

1

A collector of property.

1.1the lion—الحَارِثُ

Used as a generic proper name; also written الحٰرِثُ, which in the CK is wrongly given as الحَرَثُ.

the lion—أَبُو الحَارِثِ

The better known of the two. So called because he is the prince of beasts of prey and the strongest at acquiring.

1.2

See also حَرَّاثٌ.

Show Lane's original text
A collector of property. (Msb.) الحَارِثُ , (K, [also written الحٰرِثُ , in the CK, erroneously, الحَرَثُ ,]) as a generic proper name, (MF,) and أَبُو الحَارِثِ , (S, K,) the latter the better known, (TA,) The lion: (S, K:) because he is the prince of beasts of prey, and the strongest to acquire. (Har p. 662.) See also حَرَّاثٌ .
Nounمَحْرَثٌ1 sense

Core sense — a place ploughed for sowinggenerated

1

See حَرْثٌ.

Show Lane's original text
: see حَرْثٌ .
Nounأَرْضُ مُحْرَثَةٌ1 sense

Core sense — land ploughed up, or trodden hardgenerated

1

See مَحْرُوثَةٌ.

Show Lane's original text
: see مَحْرُوثَةٌ .
Nounمِحْرَثٌ1 sense

Core sense — a piece of wood with which a fire is stirredgenerated

1

See what follows.

Show Lane's original text
: see what next follows.
Nounمِحْرَاثٌ2 senses · 1 main

Core sense — a piece of wood with which a fire is stirred; a ploughgenerated

1figurative · مجاز — inferredthat which [or he who] stirs up, or excites, war—مِحْرَاثُ الحَرْبِ

The thing, that is, the piece of wood, with which the fire is stirred in the kind of oven called تَنُّور; also مِحْرَثٌ and مِحْرَاثُ النَّارِ: the shovel with which the fire is stirred.

And hence this expression.

1.1

In the present day it means a plough; and, like حَرْثٌ, a ploughshare.

Show Lane's original text
The thing (i. e. the piece of wood, or the wooden thing, TA) with which the fire is stirred (S, A, K) in the [kind of oven called] تَنُّور ; (S;) as also مِحْرَثٌ : (K:) and مِحْرَاثُ النَّارِ the shovel ( مِسْحَاة ) with which the fire is stirred. (TA.) [Hence,] مِحْرَاثُ الحَرْبِ That which [or he who] stirs up, or excites, war. (TA.) [In the present day, it signifies A plough: and (like حَرْثٌ ) a ploughshare.]
Nounأَرْضٌ مَحْرُوثَةٌ1 sense

Core sense — ground ploughed up by much treading upon itgenerated

1ground ploughed up by people's treading much upon it—مُحْرَثَةٌ

The headword has this meaning too.

Show Lane's original text
and مُحْرَثَةٌ Ground ploughed up by people's treading much upon it. (T, TA.)