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حرب

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Form 1حَرَبَهُ4 senses · 1 main
muḍāriʿـُيَفْعُلُ·ـَيَفْعَلُmaṣdarحَرَبٌ

Core sense — he plundered him, despoiling him of his wealth; he became angrygenerated

1.1

.

He despoiled him of his wealth, or property; he plundered him, leaving him with nothing.

1.1.1figurative · مجاز — inferredhe was despoiled, or plundered, of his wealth, or of all of it—حُرِبَ

Also حُرِبَ مَالَهُ, and حَرِبَ:.

One says مَا لَهُ جَرِبَ وحَرِبَ: see the article on جرب.

he was despoiled of his religion; he became an unbeliever—حُرِبَ دِينَهُ
1.1.2he said وَا حَرَبَا, or وَا حَرَبَاهْ—حَرِبَ

.

[See حَرَبٌ below.]

1.1.3figurative · مجاز — inferredhe became angry, or violently angry—حَرِبَ

.

Said of a man.

Same as كَلِبَ [meaning He was, or became, affected with canine madness: see حَرِبٌ].

Said of an enemy: he became like a lion; also استحرب.

Show Lane's original text
, (S, A, K,) aor. حَرُبَ , inf. n. حَرَبٌ , (S, K,) He despoiled him of his wealth, or property; or plundered him; (S, A, K;) leaving him without anything. (S.) [Hence,] حُرِبَ , (A, Mgh, Msb,) or حُرِبَ مَالَهُ , (S,) He was, or became, despoiled, or plundered, (S, A, Mgh, Msb,) of his wealth, or property, (S,) or of all his wealth, or property; as also حَرِبَ , (Mgh, Msb,) aor. حَرَبَ , (Msb,) inf. n. حَرَبٌ . (Mgh, Msb.) You say, مَا لَهُ جَرِبَ وحَرِبَ : see art. جرب . (TA.) And حُرِبَ دِينَهُ He was despoiled of his religion; was rendered, or became, an unbeliever. (TA.) [And hence,] حَرِبَ , aor. حَرَبَ , inf. n. حَرَبٌ , He said وَا حَرَبَا , or وَا حَرَبَاهْ : [see حَرَبٌ , below.] (TA.) And حَرِبَ , (S, A, K,) aor. حَرَبَ , (K,) inf. n. حَرَبٌ , (A, TA,) He (a man, S, A) was, or became, angry, (A,) or violently angry. (S, K.) And i. q. كَلِبَ [meaning He was, or became, affected with canine madness: see حَرِبٌ ]. (K.) And He (an enemy) was, or became, like a lion; as also استحرب . (TA.)
Form 2حرّب2 senses · 1 main
maṣdarتَحْرِيبٌ

Core sense — he sharpened a spearhead; he angered, or provoked, himgenerated

2.1

.

He sharpened a spearhead.

2.1.1figurative · مجاز — inferred

He angered, or angered violently; he provoked, or exasperated.

It is also said to mean He told a person of something that angered him; but where it has that meaning, one reading has ج and hemzeh [in the places of ح and ب].

Show Lane's original text
, inf. n. تَحْرِيبٌ , He sharpened a spearhead. (S, K.) He angered: (S, A:) or angered violently: (K:) and he provoked, or exasperated. (S, K, TA.) And it is said to signify He acquainted a person with a thing that angered him: but where it is said to have this meaning, it is accord. to one reading with ج and hemzeh [in the places of ح and ب ]. (TA.)
Form 3حاربهُ3 senses · 1 main
maṣdarمُحَارَبَةٌ

Core sense — he waged war with him; he was hostile to himgenerated

3.1

Maṣdar مُحَارَبَةٌ and حِرَابٌ.

He waged war with him; he warred, or battled, with him.

See also form 6.

3.1.1

He was, or became, hostile, or an enemy, to him.

3.1.2

He disobeyed Him; namely, God.

Qur’ānic occurrences Form 3
5:33
إِنَّمَا جَزَٰٓؤُا۟ ٱلَّذِينَ يُحَارِبُونَ ٱللَّهَ وَرَسُولَهُۥ وَيَسْعَوْنَ فِى ٱلْأَرْضِ فَسَادًا أَن يُقَتَّلُوٓا۟ أَوْ يُصَلَّبُوٓا۟ أَوْ تُقَطَّعَ أَيْدِيهِمْ وَأَرْجُلُهُم مِّنْ خِلَـٰفٍ أَوْ يُنفَوْا۟ مِنَ ٱلْأَرْضِ ۚ ذَٰلِكَ لَهُمْ خِزْىٌ فِى ٱلدُّنْيَا ۖ وَلَهُمْ فِى ٱلْـَٔاخِرَةِ عَذَابٌ عَظِيمٌ

The punishment of those who wage war against Allah and His Messenger, and strive with might and main for mischief through the land is: execution, or crucifixion, or the cutting off of hands and feet from opposite sides, or exile from the land: that is their disgrace in this world, and a heavy punishment is theirs in the Hereafter;

9:107
وَٱلَّذِينَ ٱتَّخَذُوا۟ مَسْجِدًا ضِرَارًا وَكُفْرًا وَتَفْرِيقًۢا بَيْنَ ٱلْمُؤْمِنِينَ وَإِرْصَادًا لِّمَنْ حَارَبَ ٱللَّهَ وَرَسُولَهُۥ مِن قَبْلُ ۚ وَلَيَحْلِفُنَّ إِنْ أَرَدْنَآ إِلَّا ٱلْحُسْنَىٰ ۖ وَٱللَّهُ يَشْهَدُ إِنَّهُمْ لَكَـٰذِبُونَ

And there are those who put up a mosque by way of mischief and infidelity - to disunite the Believers - and in preparation for one who warred against Allah and His Messenger aforetime. They will indeed swear that their intention is nothing but good; But Allah doth declare that they are certainly liars.

Occurrences of this form in the Qur’ān, not Lane’s choice of verse. They show the word in use; they do not say which sense above applies. Where more occur than are shown, the shortest āyāt are chosen.

Show Lane's original text
, (S, A, Msb, K,) inf. n. مُحَارَبَةٌ (Msb, K) and حِرَابٌ , (K,) He waged, or contended in, war with him; warred, or battled, with him. (S, * A, Msb, K.) See also 6. He was, or became, hostile, or an enemy, to him. (S, * TA.) He disobeyed Him; namely, God. (TA.)
Form 4احرب الحَرْبَ3 senses · 1 main

Core sense — he stirred up war; he guided him to plundergenerated

4.1

He excited, provoked, or stirred up, war.

4.1.1he guided him to spoil, or plunder—احربهُ

He showed him the way to get spoil, or plunder, from an enemy, acting as a spy.

4.1.2

He found him despoiled, or plundered, of his wealth, or of all of it.

Show Lane's original text
He excited, provoked, or stirred up, war. (K.) احربهُ He guided him to spoil, or plunder; guided him, or showed him the way, to obtain spoil, or plunder, of an enemy; (S, K, TA;) acting as a spy. (TA.) He found him to be despoiled, or plundered, of his wealth, or property, or of all his wealth, or property. (TA.)
Form 6تحاربوا1 sense

Core sense — they waged war with one anothergenerated

6.1

They waged war one with another; they warred, or battled, one with another.

Also احتربوا and حاربوا.

Show Lane's original text
and احتربوا (S, A, K) and حاربوا (S) They waged, or contended in, war, one with another; warred, or battled, one with another. (S, A, K.)
Form 8إِحْتَرَبَ2 senses · 1 main

Core sense — they warred with one another; it was all plunderedgenerated

8.1

See form 6.

8.1.1it was all plundered, taken, or carried off—اُحْتُرِبَ
Show Lane's original text
see 6. اُحْتُرِبَ It was all plundered, taken, or carried off. (Har p. 313.)
Form 10إِسْتَحْرَبَ1 sense

Core sense — he (an enemy) became like a liongenerated

10.1

See form 1, last meaning.

Show Lane's original text
see 1, last meaning.

Derived nouns 19

Nounحَرْبٌ3 senses · 2 main

Core sense — war, battle, or conflict; an enemy; violent in wargenerated

1war happened between them—وَقَعَتْ بَيْنَهُمْ حَرْبٌ

War, battle, fight, or conflict; the opposite of سِلْمٌ.

Suh: it consists first in shooting arrows at one another, then in thrusting at one another with spears, then in fighting one another with swords, then in grappling and struggling together.

It is generally feminine, but its dim. is حُرَيْبٌ without ة, against rule, like ذُرَيْعٌ and قُوَيْسٌ and فُرَيْسٌ in a feminine sense, because it was originally a maṣdar [of which the verb seems not to have been used in the sense of he waged war]; El-Mázinee: or so that it may not be confused with the dim. of حَرْبَةٌ.

Seer makes its origin the adjective حَرْبٌ, which is however originally a maṣdar.

Sometimes it is masculine (IAar, Mbr), but this is rare. The plural is حُرُوبٌ.

the war became violent, so that safety from destruction was hard to attain—قَامَتِ الحَرْبُ عَلَى سَاقٍ
a violent fight, or battle—حَرْبٌ شَدِيدٌ

Making it masculine, as meaning قِتَالٌ.

a warrior—اِبْنُ حَرْبٍ

Er-Rāghib, in the article on بنى.

the warrior; one who suffices for war and who defends—اِبْنُ الحَرْبِ
the country, or countries, of the unbelievers, with whom the Muslims have no peace—دَارُ الحَرْبِ
Mekkeh was at that time a place whose people were at war with the Muslims—كَانَتْ مَكَّةُ إِذْ ذٰاكَ حَرْبًا

From a saying of Aboo-Haneefeh; the meaning is دَارَ حَرْبٍ.

2a man violent in war, and courageous—رَجُلٌ حَرْبٌ

It is also used as an adjective, originally a maṣdar.

[In the CK حَرِبٌ, but it is] like عَدْلٌ.

Also مِحْرَبٌ and مِحْرَابٌ.

a man of wars; a man of war; a known, experienced warrior—مِحْرَبٌ

Also مِحْرَابٌ.

[Being originally a maṣdar,] حَرْبٌ as an adjective keeps one form for masculine and feminine, singular and plural, so that one says اِمْرَأَةٌ حَرْبٌ and قَوْمٌ حَرْبٌ, as also قَوْمٌ مِحْرَبَةٌ.

2.1I am an enemy to him who wars with me, or who is my enemy—أَنَا حَرْبٌ لِمَنْ حَارَبَنَىِ
such a one is the enemy of such a one—فُلَانٌ حَرْبُ فُلَانٍ

Also an enemy, whether or not actually at war.

Some hold that حَرْبٌ is a plural [or rather an ism jamʿ] of حَارِبٌ or مُحَارِبٌ.

Qur’ānic occurrences حَرْب 3 shown of 4
2:279
فَإِن لَّمْ تَفْعَلُوا۟ فَأْذَنُوا۟ بِحَرْبٍ مِّنَ ٱللَّهِ وَرَسُولِهِۦ ۖ وَإِن تُبْتُمْ فَلَكُمْ رُءُوسُ أَمْوَٰلِكُمْ لَا تَظْلِمُونَ وَلَا تُظْلَمُونَ

If ye do it not, Take notice of war from Allah and His Messenger: But if ye turn back, ye shall have your capital sums: Deal not unjustly, and ye shall not be dealt with unjustly.

8:57
فَإِمَّا تَثْقَفَنَّهُمْ فِى ٱلْحَرْبِ فَشَرِّدْ بِهِم مَّنْ خَلْفَهُمْ لَعَلَّهُمْ يَذَّكَّرُونَ

If ye gain the mastery over them in war, disperse, with them, those who follow them, that they may remember.

47:4
فَإِذَا لَقِيتُمُ ٱلَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا۟ فَضَرْبَ ٱلرِّقَابِ حَتَّىٰٓ إِذَآ أَثْخَنتُمُوهُمْ فَشُدُّوا۟ ٱلْوَثَاقَ فَإِمَّا مَنًّۢا بَعْدُ وَإِمَّا فِدَآءً حَتَّىٰ تَضَعَ ٱلْحَرْبُ أَوْزَارَهَا ۚ ذَٰلِكَ وَلَوْ يَشَآءُ ٱللَّهُ لَٱنتَصَرَ مِنْهُمْ وَلَـٰكِن لِّيَبْلُوَا۟ بَعْضَكُم بِبَعْضٍ ۗ وَٱلَّذِينَ قُتِلُوا۟ فِى سَبِيلِ ٱللَّهِ فَلَن يُضِلَّ أَعْمَـٰلَهُمْ

Therefore, when ye meet the Unbelievers (in fight), smite at their necks; At length, when ye have thoroughly subdued them, bind a bond firmly (on them): thereafter (is the time for) either generosity or ransom: Until the war lays down its burdens. Thus (are ye commanded): but if it had been Allah's Will, He could certainly have exacted retribution from them (Himself); but (He lets you fight) in order to test you, some with others. But those who are slain in the Way of Allah,- He will never let their deeds be lost.

Occurrences of this form in the Qur’ān, not Lane’s choice of verse. They show the word in use; they do not say which sense above applies. Where more occur than are shown, the shortest āyāt are chosen.

Show Lane's original text
War, battle, fight, or conflict; (Msb, TA;) contr. of سِلْمٌ ; (TA;) consisting, first, in shooting arrows, one at another; then, in thrusting, one at another, with spears; then, in combating one another with swords; and then, in grappling and struggling together: (Suh, TA:) it is [generally] fem.; (S, L Msb;) but its dim. is حُرَيْبٌ , without ة , (Kh, S, L, Msb,) contr. to rule, (L, Msb,) like ذُرَيْعٌ , and قُوَيْسٌ , and فُرَيْسٌ in a fem. sense, (L,) because originally an inf. n. [of which the verb ( حَرَبَ ) seems not to have been used as meaning “ he waged, or contended in, war ”], (El-Mázinee, S,) or in order that it may not be confounded with the dim. of حَرْبَةٌ : (Msb:) Seer makes its origin to be the epithet حَرْبٌ , which, however, is originally an inf. n.: (L:) sometimes it is masc.; (IAar, Mbr, S, Msb, K;) but this is extr.: (L:) the pl. is حُرُوبٌ . (S, K.) You say, وَقَعَتْ بَيْنَهُمْ حَرْبٌ [War happened between them]. (S.) And قَامَتِ الحَرْبُ عَلَى سَاقٍ The war, or battle, became vehement, so that safety from destruction was difficult of attainment. (Msb.) And making it masc., as meaning قِتَالٌ , you say حَرْبٌ شَدِيدٌ A vehement fight or battle. (Msb.) [Hence,] اِبْنُ حَرْبٍ A warrior: (Er-Rághib, TA in art. بنى :) and اِبْنُ الحَرْبِ [the warrior; or] he who suffices for war, and who defends. (Msb in that art.) And دَارُ الحَرْبِ The country, or countries, of the unbelievers, (Msb,) or of [those called by the Muslims] the polytheists, (K,) between whom and the Muslims there is not peace. (Msb, K.) In the saying of Aboo- Haneefeh, كَانَتْ مَكَّةُ إِذْ ذٰاكَ حَرْبًا , the meaning is دَارَ حَرْبٍ [Mekkeh was at that time a place of which the people were at war with the Muslims]. (Mgh.) It is also an epithet; originally an inf. n. (L.) You say رَجُلٌ حَرْبٌ , (K, TA,) [in the CK حَرِبٌ , but it is] like عَدْلٌ , (TA,) A man vehement in war, and courageous; as also مِحْرَبٌ and مِحْرَابٌ : (K:) or مِحْرَبٌ signifies a man of wars; (S;) or a man of war, as also مِحْرَابٌ ; and a known, experienced warrior. (TA.) [Being originally an inf. n.,] حَرْبٌ as an epithet is used in the same form as masc. and fem. and sing. and pl.: (K:) so that one says اِمْرَأَةٌ حَرْبٌ and قَوْمٌ حَرْبٌ , (TA,) as also قَوْمٌ مِحْرَبَةٌ . (S, K.) Also An enemy, (S, K,) whether, or not, actually at war. (K.) So in the saying, أَنَا حَرْبٌ لِمَنْ حَارَبَنَىِ [I am an enemy to him who wars with me, or who is an enemy to me]. (S.) And فُلَانٌ حَرْبُ فُلَانٍ Such a one is the enemy of such a one. (TA.) Some hold that حَرْبٌ is a pl. [or rather a quasi-pl. n.] of حَارِبٌ or مُحَارِبٌ . (TA.)
Nounحَرَبٌ2 senses · 1 main

Core sense — loss of one's property; perdition, destruction, or deathgenerated

1an exclamation of grief, lamentation, or regret—وَاحَرَبَا

Maṣdar of حَرِبَ.

[Meaning Alas, my spoliation! or my loss! or my grief!] Used in an absolute manner, like وَا أَسَفَا, or يَا أَسَفَا, from حَرَبَهُ “he despoiled him of his wealth, or property”; [or from حَرِبَ, q. v.]

Or it began from this: Harb the son of Umeiyeh used to ask a dead person's family what they needed to spend on the occasion and supply it for them; and when he himself died the people of Mekkeh and its neighbourhood bewailed him, saying وَا حَرْبَا, or وَا حَرْبَاهْ [Alas for Harb!], and then they changed the expression to وَا حَرَبَا, or وَاحَرَبَاهْ, and it came to be used in bewailing anyone who was dear, and in other calamities. But this account of the origin did not please ISd.

1.1

Also perdition, destruction, or death.

Show Lane's original text
inf. n. of حَرِبَ . (A, Mgh, Msb.) وَاحَرَبَا is an ejaculation expressive of grief, lamentation, or regret, [meaning Alas, my spoliation! or my loss! or my grief!] (ISd, Mgh, TA,) used in an absolute manner, like وَا أَسَفَا , (ISd, TA,) or يَا أَسَفَا , (Mgh,) from حَرَبَهُ “ he despoiled him of his wealth, or property: ” (K:) [or from حَرِبَ , q. v.:] or it originated from the fact that Harb the son of Umeiyeh, when any one died, used to ask his family what they required to expend on the occasion, and used to supply them therewith; (TA;) and when he himself died, the people of Mekkeh and its neighbourhood bewailed him, saying, وَا حَرْبَا , (Th, K, * TA,) or وَا حَرْبَاهْ , (TA,) [Alas for Harb!] and then they changed the expression to وَا حَرَبَا , (Th, K,) or وَاحَرَبَاهْ , and it became used in the case of bewailing any person who was dear, and in the cases of other calamities: but this account of the origin did not please ISd. (TA.) Also Perdition. destruction, or death. (Har p. 158.)
Nounحَرِبٌ2 senses

Core sense — despoiled of his property; angry, or violently angrygenerated

1

See حَرِيبٌ.

2figurative · مجاز

Also angry, or violently angry; applied to a man and to a lion.

Same as كَلِبٌ [meaning Affected with canine madness]. Plural حَرْبَى, synonymous with كَلْبَى, but Az knew it in this sense in only one instance.

Show Lane's original text
: see حَرِيبٌ . Also Angry: (A:) or violently angry: (S, K:) applied to a man and to a lion. (S, A.) And i. q. كَلِبٌ [meaning Affected with canine madness]: pl. حَرْبَى , (K,) syn. with كَلْبَى , but unknown to Az in this sense except in one instance. (TA.)
Nounحَرْبَةٌ5 senses · 3 main

Core sense — a dart, or javelin, with a wide head; a thrust; spoliationgenerated

1they took the darts, or javelins, for contending in war, or battle—أَخَذُوا الحِرَابَ لِلْحِرَابِ

[A dart, or javelin;] a weapon resembling a spear, but smaller, with a wide head; not counted among رِمَاح.

Dim. حُرَيْبَةٌ; plural حِرَابٌ.

2

A thrust, or a stab.

2.1

Spoliation.

2.2

Corruptness of religion.

3a name of Friday—حَرْبَةُ

According to the Námoos, because it is a time for warring with oneself.

Plural حَرَبَاتٌ and حَرْبَاتٌ.

Show Lane's original text
[A dart, or javelin;] a certain weapon (K) resembling a spear, (Msb,) but smaller, (TA,) having a wide head; (As, TA;) not reckoned among رِمَاح : (IAar, TA:) dim. حُرَيْبَةٌ : (Msb:) pl. حِرَابٌ . (S, A, Msb, K.) You say, أَخَذُوا الحِرَابَ لِلْحِرَابِ [They took the darts, or javelins, for contending in war, or battle]. (A.) A thrust, stick, or stab. (K.) Spoliation. (K.) Corruptness of religion. (K.) حَرْبَةُ a name of Friday; (K, TA;) accord. to the Námoos, because it is a time for warring with oneself: (TA:) pl. حَرَبَاتٌ and حَرْبَاتٌ . (K.)
Nounحِرْبَةٌ1 sense

Core sense — a mode, or manner, of wargenerated

1

A mode, or manner, of war, battle, fight, or conflict.

Show Lane's original text
A mode, or manner, of war, battle, fight, or conflict. (K.)
Nounحِرْبَاءٌ4 senses · 3 main

Core sense — the male chameleon; the flesh along either side of the backbonegenerated

1the male chameleon stood erect upon the branch—اِنْتَصَبَ العُودُ فِى الحِرْبَآءِ

[The male chameleon;] the male of what is called أُمُّ حُبَيْنٍ [but see that name in the article on حبن], a well-known animal.

Or a certain reptile, like the عَظَآءَة, said to be larger than it, somewhat larger, that turns itself, or its head, towards the sun, turning as the sun turns, and taking on various colours from the sun's heat.

Az describes it as a reptile resembling in form what is called سَامُّ أَبْرَصَ, with four legs, a slender head, [which is not correct as applied to the chameleon,] and a striped back, which looks towards the sun all day long; and he adds that its flesh is impure, and the Arabs never eat it.

[According to Freytag, the word in this application is said (but I do not know on what authority) to be from خُرْبَا, meaning حافظ الشمس (guardian of the sun).]

The feminine is with ة, and the plural حَرَابِىُّ.

[The word حرباء is used in passages cited as masculine and as feminine, from which it seems that it may be written حِرْبَآءُ as well as حِرْبَآءٌ.]

The Arabs used the expression حِرْبَآءُ تَنْضُبٍ, or تَنْضُبَ, like ذئْبُ غَضًا [the latter word in each of these cases being the name of a tree]. The first is applied proverbially to a prudent man, because the حرباء does not leave the first branch except to leap onto the second.

Used, by inversion, for انتصب الحرباءُ فى العودِ: for it stands erect upon stones, and upon the roots or trunks of trees, looking towards the sun, and it declines as the sun declines.

1.1figurative · مجازthe flesh along either side of the backbone—حِرْبَآءُ المَتْنِ

Also the back, or the flesh of the back.

Or it means the ridge of the backbone; and so does الحرباءُ.

the portions of flesh along either side of the backbone—حَرَابِىُّ المَتْنِ

The singular is حِرْبَآءٌ, likened to the حرباء [or male chameleon] of the desert, and so figurative.

Kr says that the singular of حَرَابِىُّ الظُّهُورِ is حِرْبَآءٌ by rule, showing that it has no singular known on the authority of hearsay.

2

The nails, or a nail, of a coat of mail; or the head of a nail in a ring of a coat of mail.

Plural as above.

3

Rugged ground; or rugged and hard ground, according to Th; but the word commonly known is حِزْبَآءٌ, with záy.

[This meaning has been supposed to be assigned to مُحْرَبِئَةٌ, but such is not the case.]

Show Lane's original text
[The male chameleon;] the male of what is called أُمُّ حُبَيْنٍ ; (S, Msb, K; [but see the latter appellation in art. حبن ;]) a well-known animal: (TA:) or a certain reptile, like the عَظَآءَة , (K,) said to be larger than this latter, (Msb,) somewhat larger, (S,) that turns itself, (S, Msb,) or its head, (K,) towards the sun, (S, Msb, K,) turning with the sun as the sun turns, and assuming various colours (S, Msb) by reason of the heat of the sun: (S:) Az describes it as a reptile resembling in form what is called سَامُّ أَبْرَصَ , with four legs, slender head, [which is not correct as applied to the chameleon,] and striped back; that all the day looks towards the sun; and he adds that its flesh is impure, and the Arabs never eat it: (TA:) [accord. to Freytag, the word, thus applied, is said (but I know not on what authority) to be from خُرْبَا , meaning حافظ الشمس (guardian of the sun):] the fem. is with ة : (S:) and the pl. حَرَابِىُّ . (S, Msb.) [The word حرباء is used in passages cited in the TA as masc. and fem.; whence it seems that it may be written حِرْبَآءُ as well as حِرْبَآءٌ .] The Arabs used the expression حِرْبَآءُ تَنْضُبٍ or تَنْضُبَ , like ذئْبُ غَضًا : (S:) [the latter word in each of these cases being the name of a tree:] the former is proverbially applied to a prudent man; because the حرباء does not quit the first branch but to leap upon the second. (TA.) The phrase اِنْتَصَبَ العُودُ فِى الحِرْبَآءِ is used, by inversion, for انتصب الحرباءُ فى العودِ [The male chameleon stood erect upon the branch]: for it stands erect upon stones, and upon the roots or trunks of trees, looking towards the sun, and declines as the sun declines. (TA.) Also The back: or its flesh: (K:) or حِرْبَآءُ المَتْنِ means the flesh along either side of the backbone: (TA:) or this, (TA,) or الحرباءُ , (K,) the ridge of the backbone: (K, TA:) or حَرَابِىُّ المَتْنِ (S, L, TA) signifies the portions of flesh, (S,) or the flesh, (L, TA,) along either side of the backbone: (S, L, TA:) the sing. is حِرْبَآءٌ ; likened to the حرباء [or male chameleon] of the desert, and therefore tropical: Kr says that the sing. of حَرَابِىُّ الظُّهُورِ is حِرْبَآءٌ accord. to rule; showing that it has no known sing. on the authority of hearsay. (L, TA.) The nails, (S,) or a nail, (K,) of a coat of mail: (S, K:) or the head of a nail in a ring of a coat of mail: (K:) pl. as above. (TA.) And Rugged ground: (K:) or rugged and hard ground; accord. to Th; but the word commonly known is حِزْبَآءٌ , with záy. (TA.) [This meaning has been supposed to be assigned in the K to مُحْرَبِئَةٌ ; but the TA shows that such is not the case.]
Nounحَرِيبٌ1 sense

Core sense — despoiled of his property, plundered and left with nothinggenerated

1figurative · مجاز — inferreda woman deprived of her child, or children—حَرِيبَةٌ

Despoiled of his wealth, or property; plundered, and left with nothing; also مَحْرُوبٌ and حَرِبٌ. Plural حَرْبَى and حُرَبَآءُ.

Also مَحْرُوبَةٌ.

despoiled of his religion; become an unbeliever—محروب
Show Lane's original text
and مَحْرُوبٌ (S, Mgh, Msb, K) and حَرِبٌ (MF) Despoiled of his wealth, or property; plundered; (S, Mgh, Msb, K, MF;) and left without anything: (S, Mgh, Msb:) pl. (of the first, TA) حَرْبَى and حُرَبَآءُ . (K.) And حَرِيبَةٌ and مَحْرُوبَةٌ A woman deprived of her child, or children. (TA.) And محروب Despoiled of his religion; rendered, or become, an unbeliever. (TA.)
Nounحُرَيْبٌ1 sense

Core sense — a little war, a small battlegenerated

1

Dim. of حَرْبٌ, q. v.

Show Lane's original text
dim. of حَرْبٌ , q. v.
Nounحَرَابَةٌ1 sense

Core sense — property of which one has been despoiledgenerated

1

See what follows.

Show Lane's original text
: see what next follows.
Nounحَرِيبَةٌ1 sense

Core sense — property of which one has been despoiled; property one lives bygenerated

1

Wealth, or property, of which one has been despoiled, or plundered; also حَرَابَةٌ.

A man's property is not so called until he has been despoiled of it.

Or wealth, or property, by means of which one lives, or subsists.

Plural of the former [and by analogy of the latter also] حَرَائِبُ.

Show Lane's original text
(S, A, K) and حَرَابَةٌ (A) Wealth, or property, of which one is despoiled, or plundered: (A, K:) a man's property is not so called until he has been despoiled of it: (TA:) or (K, but in the A “ and ”) wealth, or property, by means of which one lives, or subsists: (S, A, K:) pl. of the former [and of the latter also accord. to analogy] حَرَائِبُ . (TA.)
Nounحُرَيْبَةٌ1 sense

Core sense — a little property of which one has been despoiledgenerated

1

Dim. of حَرْبَةٌ, q. v.

Show Lane's original text
dim. of حَرْبَةٌ , q. v.
Nounحَرَّابَةٌ1 sense

Core sense — a troop of plunderersgenerated

1

A troop of plunderers.

Show Lane's original text
A troop of plunderers. (TA.)
Nounحَارِبٌ2 senses · 1 main

Core sense — one who plunders; one who strips people of their clothes by forcegenerated

1

[Ism fāʿil of حَرَبَ.]

1.1

It occurs in a tradition meaning one who strips people of their clothes by force.

Show Lane's original text
[act. part. n. of حَرَبَ ]. It occurs in a trad. as signifying One who strips people forcibly of their clothes. (TA.)
Nounمِحْرَبٌ1 sense

Core sense — a man violent in war, and courageousgenerated

1

And مِحْرَبَةٌ: see حَرْبٌ, in three places.

Show Lane's original text
and مِحْرَبَةٌ : see حَرْبٌ , in three places.
Nounأَرْضٌ مُحَرْبِئَةٌ1 sense

Core sense — land abounding with male chameleonsgenerated

1

In the CK مُحَرْبِيَةٌ.

A land containing, or abounding with, the animals called حِرْبَآء [i. e. male chameleons].

Show Lane's original text
(S, K, in the CK مُحَرْبِيَةٌ ) A land containing, (S,) or abounding with, (K,) animals of the kind called حِرْبَآء [i. e. male chameleons]. (S, K.)
Nounالمُحَرَّبُ1 sense

Core sense — the liongenerated

1

The lion; also المُتَحَرِّبُ.

Show Lane's original text
and المُتَحَرِّبُ The lion. (K, TA.)
Nounمِحْرَابٌ4 senses · 2 main

Core sense — the upper end of a sitting-room; the niche of a mosque; a place of worshipgenerated

1

See حَرْبٌ, in two places.

2he used to dislike the uppermost, or chief, sitting-places in rooms—كَانَ يَكْرَهُ المَحَارِيبَ

Also the upper end of a sitting-room, or of a house, or tent, or chamber; the chief, or most honourable, sitting-place.

So the plural مَحَارِيبُ is explained, on the authority of Fr.

the highest chamber in a house—غُرْفَة
a pavilion, or building of that kind—قَصْر
the niche of a mosque, which shows the direction of the kibleh—مِحْرَاب
the places of worship of the Children of Israel—مَحَارِيبُ بَنِى إِسْرَائِيلَ

It occurs in a tradition.

The place where kings and chiefs and great men sit; a high place, according to As and Hr.

A chamber to which one ascends by stairs; a king's closet, or private chamber, into which he retires alone, away from the people.

The station of the Imám in a mosque.

So called from the same word in the sense of the upper end of a sitting-room; or, as some say, because the person praying wars with the devil and with himself by holding the attention of his heart.

The highest place in a mosque; the kibleh; a mosque, or place of worship, as in the Qur'ān 19:12; a place of assembly.

In which they used to assemble for prayer, or in which they used to sit, as though they sat there to consult about war. [See also مَذْبَحٌ.]

Qur’ān 19:13 approximate — somewhere between 19:4 and 19:23 Lane cites “Kur xix. 12”
Qur’ān 19:11 located by this root inside the range Lane’s citation allows
فَخَرَجَ عَلَىٰ قَوْمِهِۦ مِنَ ٱلْمِحْرَابِ فَأَوْحَىٰٓ إِلَيْهِمْ أَن سَبِّحُوا۟ بُكْرَةً وَعَشِيًّا

So Zakariya came out to his people from him chamber: He told them by signs to celebrate Allah's praises in the morning and in the evening.Abdullah Yusuf Ali, The Holy Qur’ān (1934)

2.1

Same as أَجَمَةٌ, meaning the haunt of a lion.

2.2

The neck of a beast.

Qur’ānic occurrences مِحْرَاب
3:37
فَتَقَبَّلَهَا رَبُّهَا بِقَبُولٍ حَسَنٍ وَأَنۢبَتَهَا نَبَاتًا حَسَنًا وَكَفَّلَهَا زَكَرِيَّا ۖ كُلَّمَا دَخَلَ عَلَيْهَا زَكَرِيَّا ٱلْمِحْرَابَ وَجَدَ عِندَهَا رِزْقًا ۖ قَالَ يَـٰمَرْيَمُ أَنَّىٰ لَكِ هَـٰذَا ۖ قَالَتْ هُوَ مِنْ عِندِ ٱللَّهِ ۖ إِنَّ ٱللَّهَ يَرْزُقُ مَن يَشَآءُ بِغَيْرِ حِسَابٍ

Right graciously did her Lord accept her: He made her grow in purity and beauty: To the care of Zakariya was she assigned. Every time that he entered (Her) chamber to see her, He found her supplied with sustenance. He said: "O Mary! Whence (comes) this to you?" She said: "From Allah: for Allah Provides sustenance to whom He pleases without measure."

3:39
فَنَادَتْهُ ٱلْمَلَـٰٓئِكَةُ وَهُوَ قَآئِمٌ يُصَلِّى فِى ٱلْمِحْرَابِ أَنَّ ٱللَّهَ يُبَشِّرُكَ بِيَحْيَىٰ مُصَدِّقًۢا بِكَلِمَةٍ مِّنَ ٱللَّهِ وَسَيِّدًا وَحَصُورًا وَنَبِيًّا مِّنَ ٱلصَّـٰلِحِينَ

While he was standing in prayer in the chamber, the angels called unto him: "Allah doth give thee glad tidings of Yahya, witnessing the truth of a Word from Allah, and (be besides) noble, chaste, and a prophet,- of the (goodly) company of the righteous."

19:11
فَخَرَجَ عَلَىٰ قَوْمِهِۦ مِنَ ٱلْمِحْرَابِ فَأَوْحَىٰٓ إِلَيْهِمْ أَن سَبِّحُوا۟ بُكْرَةً وَعَشِيًّا

So Zakariya came out to his people from him chamber: He told them by signs to celebrate Allah's praises in the morning and in the evening.

38:21
وَهَلْ أَتَىٰكَ نَبَؤُا۟ ٱلْخَصْمِ إِذْ تَسَوَّرُوا۟ ٱلْمِحْرَابَ

Has the Story of the Disputants reached thee? Behold, they climbed over the wall of the private chamber;

Occurrences of this form in the Qur’ān, not Lane’s choice of verse. They show the word in use; they do not say which sense above applies. Where more occur than are shown, the shortest āyāt are chosen.

Show Lane's original text
: see حَرْبٌ , in two places. Also The upper end of a sitting-room, (Msb, and so accord. to an explanation of the pl. مَحَارِيبُ , in the S, on the authority of Fr,) or of a house, or tent, or chamber; (K;) the chief, or most honourable, sitting-place; (AO, L, Msb, K; *) whence, in a trad., كَانَ يَكْرَهُ المَحَارِيبَ [he used to dislike the uppermost, or chief, sitting-places in rooms]: (L:) the place where kings and chiefs and great men sit: (Msb:) a high place: (As, Hr, TA:) a [chamber of the kind called] غُرْفَة : (S, Msb, K:) the highest chamber in a house: a chamber to which one ascends by stairs: (Zj, TA:) a king's closet, or private chamber, into which he retires alone, out of the way of the people: (K:) a [pavilion, or building of the kind called] قَصْر : (As, TA:) the station of the Imám in a mosque: (K:) the مِحْرَاب [or niche which shows the direction of the kibleh] of a mosque; from the same word as signifying the “ upper end of a sittingroom; ” (Fr, S, Msb;) or, as some say, because the person praying wars with the devil and with himself by causing the attention of his heart: (Msb:) the highest place in a mosque: (Zj, TA:) the kibleh: (L, TA:) a mosque, or place of worship; so in the Kur xix. 12: (S, L:) a place of assembly. (As, TA.) مَحَارِيبُ بَنِى إِسْرَائِيلَ means The places of worship of the Children of Israel, (T, K,) in which they used to assemble for prayer, (T, TA,) or in which they used to sit; (K;) as though they sat therein to consult respecting war. (TA.) [See also مَذْبَحٌ .] I. q. أَجَمَةٌ , (K,) meaning The haunt of a lion. (TA.) The neck of a beast. (Lth, K, TA.)
Nounمَحْرُوبٌ1 sense

Core sense — despoiled of his property, plunderedgenerated

1

And مَحْرُوبَةٌ: see حَرِيبٌ, in three places.

Show Lane's original text
and مَحْرُوبَةٌ : see حَرِيبٌ , in three places.
Nounالمُتَحَرِّبُ1 sense

Core sense — the liongenerated

1

See المُحَرَّبُ.

Show Lane's original text
: see المُحَرَّبُ .