حدب

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Form 1حَدِبَ4 senses · 2 main

muḍāriʿـَيَفْعَلُ·ـِيَفْعِلُmaṣdarحَدَبٌ حَدْبٌ

Core sense — he became humpbacked; he was kind to him; he repelled from him and defended himgenerated

1.1it (the back) became humped, or protuberant—انحدب

Muḍāriʿ حَدَبَ; maṣdar حَدَبٌ, احدبّ, تحادب, and احدودب.

He (a man) became humpbacked; he had a prominent, or protuberant, back, and a hollow, or receding, chest and belly.

According to the Msb, from حَدَبٌ, meaning elevated ground; but the A indicates the reverse.

1.1.1figurative · مجاز — inferredit became convex—احدودب

Of the first form: it (a thing) rose, or grew up high.

1.1.2figurative · مجازhe was affectionate, favourable, or kind, to him—حَدِبَ عَليْهِ

Maṣdar as above; تحدّب has the same meaning.

she (a woman) devoted herself to the care of her child, or children—حَدِبَتْ عَلَى وَلَدِهَا

That is, after the loss of her husband, not marrying again. Maṣdar as above; تحدّبت has the same meaning.

1.2he repelled from him, and defended him—حَدَبَ عَنْهُ

Show Lane's original text

, aor حَدَبَ , inf. n. حَدَبٌ ; (S, * A, Mgh, * Msb, K;) and احدبّ , and تحادب , (K,) and احدودب ; (S, K;) He (a man, Msb) was, or became, humpbaked; (Mgh, Msb;) he had a prominent, or protuberant, back, and a hollow, or receding, chest (A, * K) and belly: (K:) [accord. to the Msb, from حَدَبٌ signifying “ elevated ground; ” but the reverse is indicated in the A:] and it (the back) was, or became, humped, or protuberant; (S, A; *) as also انحدب . (KL.) And the first, It (a thing) rose, or grew up or out, high: (KL:) [it was, or became, gibbous, or convex; as also احدودب .] حَدِبَ عَليْهِ , (S, A, K,) inf. n. as above; (KL, TA;) and تحدّب ; (S, A, K;) He was, or became, affectionate, favourable, or kind, to him. (S, A, * K, KL, TA.) And حَدِبَتْ عَلَى وَلَدِهَا , (K, * TA,) inf. n. as above; (TA;) and تحدّبت ; (K;) She (a woman) applied herself constantly to the care of her child, or children, after the loss of her husband, not marrying again. (K, TA.) حَدَبَ عَنْهُ , aor. حَدِبَ , inf. n. حَدْبٌ , He repelled from him, and defended him. (MF, TA.)

Form 2 · maṣdarتَحْدِيبٌ2 senses · 1 main

Core sense — the raising of the back high; making a thing convexgenerated

2.1

Maṣdar of حدّب: the raising, or elevating, of the back.

2.1.1

According to Golius, on the authority of the KL: the making of a thing convex. But I do not find this meaning, which the word has today, in my copy of the KL.

Show Lane's original text

[inf. n. of حدّب ] The act of elevating, or raising high, the back. (KL.) [And, accord. to Golius, as on the authority of the KL, The making a thing gibbous, or convex: but this meaning which the word has in the present day, I do not find in my copy of the KL.]

Form 4احدبهُ2 senses · 1 main

Core sense — he made him humpbacked; he made him affectionate, or kindgenerated

4.1

He (God) made him humpbacked.

4.1.1figurative · مجاز — inferred

He, or it, made him affectionate, favourable, or kind.

Show Lane's original text

He (God) rendered him humpbacked. (S.) He, or it, rendered him affectionate, favourable, or kind. (KL.)

Form 5تَحَدَّبَ2 senses · 1 main

Core sense — it became humped, or convex; he clung to itgenerated

5.1

See 1, in two places.

5.1.1he, or it, clung to it—تحدّب بِهِ

Show Lane's original text

see 1, in two places. تحدّب بِهِ He, or it, clung, or clave, to it. (K, TA.)

Form 6تَحَاْدَبَ1 sense

Core sense — it became humped, or protuberantgenerated

6.1

See 1.

Show Lane's original text

see 1.

Form 7إِنْحَدَبَ1 sense

Core sense — it became humped, or protuberantgenerated

7.1

See 1.

Show Lane's original text

see 1.

Form 9إِحْدَبَّ1 sense

Core sense — it became humped, or protuberantgenerated

9.1

See 1.

Show Lane's original text

see 1.

Form 12إِحْدَوْدَبَ2 senses · 1 main

Core sense — it became humped, or convex; it (sand) became curved, or windinggenerated

12.1

See 1, in two places.

12.1.1figurative · مجاز — inferred

Also: it (sand) became curved, or winding; or curved, or winding, and long.

Show Lane's original text

see 1, in two places. Also It (sand) was, or became, curved, or winding; or curved, or winding, and long. (K.)

Derived nouns 6

Nounحَدَبٌ5 senses · 2 main

Core sense — high ground; elevated waves of water; the intenseness of the cold of wintergenerated

1figurative · مجازhigh, or elevated, ground—حَدَبَةٌ

high ground; or rugged and high ground—حَدَبٌ مِنَ الأَرْضِ

High, or elevated, ground; so in the Kur 21:96.

Plural حِدَابٌ, and apparently, according to the TA, أَحْدَابٌ as well, a plural of paucity.

sand brought by the wind, or blown together, and heaped up high—حَدَبُ الرَّمْلِ

what is scattered, and heaped up, of a barley-grass—حَدَبُ البُهْمَى

So called as being likened to such sand; the grass meant is [the species of barley-grass called] بهمى.

the elevated waves of water—حَدَبُ المَآءِ

Or the rolling over of water, volume over volume; or the rolling of water in waves.

the motion and waves of the pool of water left by a torrent—حَدَبُ الغَدِيرِ

the rise, or swell, and abundance, of the torrent—حَدَبُ السَّيْل

Qur’ān 21:96 approximate — somewhere between 21:73 and 21:97 Lane cites “Kur xxi. 96”

Qur’ān 21:96 the verse Lane’s citation points to, and it uses this root

حَتَّىٰٓ إِذَا فُتِحَتْ يَأْجُوجُ وَمَأْجُوجُ وَهُم مِّن كُلِّ حَدَبٍ يَنسِلُونَ

Until the Gog and Magog (people) are let through (their barrier), and they swiftly swarm from every hill.Abdullah Yusuf Ali, The Holy Qur’ān (1934)

1.1figurative · مجاز — inferreda slope in a declivity—حَدُورٌ فِى صَبَبٍ

So in the correct copies of the K, and in the L; some copies of the K have حدوب [in the CK حُدُورٌ], as the حَدَب of waves and of sand.

Some copies of the K say "of the wind"; the TA notes this as a clear mistranscription, الريح for الموج.

1.2figurative · مجاز — inferred

A mark left upon the skin, such as the [weal or] swelling and thickness produced by beating.

1.3figurative · مجاز

The intenseness of the cold of winter.

A certain plant; or the plant called نَصِىّ.

Qur’ānic occurrences حَدَب

21:96

حَتَّىٰٓ إِذَا فُتِحَتْ يَأْجُوجُ وَمَأْجُوجُ وَهُم مِّن كُلِّ حَدَبٍ يَنسِلُونَ

Until the Gog and Magog (people) are let through (their barrier), and they swiftly swarm from every hill.

Occurrences of this form in the Qur’ān, not Lane’s choice of verse. They show the word in use; they do not say which sense above applies. Where more occur than are shown, the shortest āyāt are chosen.

Show Lane's original text

High, or elevated, ground; so in the Kur xxi. 96; (S, A, Msb;) as also حَدَبَةٌ ; and so حَدَبٌ مِنَ الأَرْضِ : (A:) or rugged and high ground: (T, K:) pl. حِدَابٌ (S) [and app., accord. to the TA, أَحْدَابٌ also, a pl. of pauc.]. And حَدَبُ الرَّمْلِ Sand brought by the wind, [or blown together,] and elevated. (A, TA.) And hence, as being likened to such sand, (IAar, TA,) حَدَبُ البُهْمَى What is scattered, and heaped up, of [the species of barley-grass called] بهمى . (IAar, K, TA.) And حَدَبُ المَآءِ The elevated waves of water: (T, TA:) or the rolling over of water, volume over volume: (K, TA:) or the rolling of water in waves. (TA.) And حَدَبُ الغَدِيرِ The motion and waves of the pool of water left by a torrent. (IAar, TA.) And حَدَبُ السَّيْل The rise, or swell, and abundance, of the torrent. (A, TA.) A slope in a declivity; expl. by حَدُورٌ فِى صَبَبٍ , as in the correct copies of the K, and in the L; in some copies of the K حدوب ; (TA;) [in the CK حُدُورٌ ;] as the حَدَب of waves (in some copies of the K, of the wind, TA, [an evident mistranscription, الريح for الموج ,]) and of sand. (K.) A mark left upon the skin; (As, K;) such as the [weal or] swelling and thickness produced by beating. (As, TA.) The intenseness of the cold of winter. (A, K.) A certain plant: or the [plant called] نَصِىّ . (K.)

Nounحَدِبٌ3 senses · 2 main

Core sense — humpbacked; affectionate, favourable, or kindgenerated

See أَحْدَبُ.

1.1figurative · مجازhe is affectionate, or kind, to his brother—هُوَ حَدِبٌ عَلَى أَخِيهِ

Also: affectionate, favourable, or kind.

2a land abounding with a certain plant—أَرْضٌ حَدِبَةٌ

The plant is حَدَب.

Show Lane's original text

: see أَحْدَبُ . Also Affectionate, favourable, or kind. (A, TA.) You say, هُوَ حَدِبٌ عَلَى أَخِيهِ He is affectionate, &c., to his brother. (A.) أَرْضٌ حَدِبَةٌ A land abounding with the plant called حَدَب . (K.)

Nounحَذَبَةٌ2 senses · 1 main

Core sense — a hump on the backgenerated

A hump on the back.

1.1

See also حَدَبٌ.

Show Lane's original text

A hump on the back. (Az, S, A, Mgh.) See also حَدَبٌ .

Nounحَدَابِ1 sense

Core sense — a year of drought, barrenness, or dearthgenerated

1figurative · مجاز — inferred

Indeclinable, like قَطَامِ.

A year of drought, barrenness, or dearth; or a year of severe drought.

Show Lane's original text

, like قَطَامِ , (K,) indecl., (TA,) A year of drought, barrenness, or dearth: (K:) or a year of severe drought. (TA.)

Nounحُدَيْبَآءُ1 sense

Core sense — a little humpbacked femalegenerated

See the entry that follows.

Show Lane's original text

: see what next follows.

Nounأَحْدَبُ6 senses · 2 main

Core sense — humpbacked; convex; difficult, or severe; most affectionate, or kindgenerated

1humpbacked—حَدِبٌ

Humpbacked; having a prominent, or protuberant, back, and a hollow, or receding, chest and belly.

Feminine of the former حَدْبَآءُ; plural حُدْبٌ.

حُدَيْبَآءُ اِبْنَةٌ, the diminutive of حَدْبَآءُ, meaning a little humpbacked daughter, occurs in a tradition.

1.1figurative · مجازa convex bier—آلَةٌ حَدْبَآءُ

See a verse of Kaab Ibn-Zuheyr, under آلَةٌ in art. اول.

[a convex tract of sand]—رَمْلَةٌ حَدْبَآءُ

Or, as used in that verse, it means a distressing state, or condition; or an elevated apparatus.

ISh; and the K in art. دبح, and elsewhere.

a she-camel, or a beast, so lean that her hip-bones and backbone show—نَاقَةٌ حَدْبَآءُ

Also said as دَابَّةٌ حدبَآءُ.

حَدْبَآءُ حِدْبِيرٌ and حِدْبَارٌ are used in the same sense; plural حُدْبٌ حَدَابِيرُ.

1.2a vein lying within the bone of the fore-arm—الأَحْدَبُ

The word for vein here is عِرْق, and for bone عَظْمَ [apparently a mistranscription for عَظَمَة, the upper portion].

1.3figurative · مجاز — inferreda difficult affair—أَمْرٌ أَحْدَبُ

a difficult affair—خُطَّةٌ حَدْبَآءُ

difficult affairs—أُمُورٌ حُدْبٌ

Singular حَدْبَآءُ [for خُطَّةٌ حَدْبَآءُ or the like].

difficult affairs—حُدْبُ الأُمُورِ

a severe, cold year—سَنَةٌ حَدْبَآءُ

a quick driving—وَسِيقٌ أَحْدَبُ

1.4figurative · مجاز — inferredviolence, severity, difficulty, or distress—الأَحْدَبُ

Used as a noun; synonymous with الشِّدَّةُ.

2figurative · مجاز — inferredthe most affectionate, favourable, or kind, of them, to the Muslims—أَحْدَبُهُمْ عَلَى المُسْلِمِينَ

Said of Aboo-Bekr, in a tradition of 'Alee.

Also: more, and most, affectionate, favourable, or kind.

Show Lane's original text

Humpbacked; (S, Mgh, Msb;) having a prominent, or protuberant, back, and a hollow, or receding, chest and belly; (K;) and حَدِبٌ signifies the same: (Sb, S, K:) fem. of the former حَدْبَآءُ : (Msb:) and pl. حُدْبٌ . (Msb, TA.) حُدَيْبَآءُ اِبْنَةٌ (dim. of حَدْبَآءُ ), meaning A little humpbacked daughter, occurs in a trad. (TA.) Hence, آلَةٌ حَدْبَآءُ , (see a verse of Kaab Ibn-Zuheyr, voce آلَةٌ , in art. اول ,) A gibbous bier: (A, * TA:) or (as used in that verse) it means a distressing state, or condition: or an elevated apparatus. (TA.) And رَمْلَةٌ حَدْبَآءُ [A gibbous tract of sand]. (ISh, K in art. دبح , &c.) And نَاقَةٌ حَدْبَآءُ , (S, A,) or دَابَّةٌ حدبَآءُ , (K,) A she-camel, (S, A,) or a beast, (K,) the prominent parts of whose hips, (S, A, K,) and the bone of whose back, (TA,) appear, (S, A, K,) by reason of her leanness. (A, TA.) And حَدْبَآءُ حِدْبِيرٌ and حِدْبَارٌ are expressions used in the same sense: (L, TA:) pl. حُدْبٌ حَدَابِيرُ . (S, L, TA.) الأَحْدَبُ is the name of A vein ( عِرْق ) penetrating into, or lying within, the bone ( عَظْمَ [app. a mistranscription for عَظَمَة the upper portion]) of the fore-arm. (K.) أَمْرٌ أَحْدَبُ (A) and خُطَّةٌ حَدْبَآءُ (A, TA) A difficult affair: (A, TA:) and أُمُورٌ حُدْبٌ (A, TA) and حُدْبُ الأُمُورِ (K) difficult affairs; (A, K, TA;) sing. حَدْبَآءُ [for خُطَّةٌ حَدْبَآءُ or the like]. (K.) And سَنَةٌ حَدْبَآءُ A severe, cold year. (A, TA.) [Hence,] وَسِيقٌ أَحْدَبُ A quick driving. (TA.) [Hence, also,] الأَحْدَبُ [used as a subst.] Vehemence, severity, difficulty, or distress; syn. الشِّدَّةُ . (K.) [Also More, and most, affectionate, favourable, or kind.] أَحْدَبُهُمْ عَلَى المُسْلِمِينَ , said of Aboo-Bekr, in a trad. of 'Alee, means The most affectionate, favourable, or kind, of them, to the Muslims. (TA.)