جمد

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Form 1جَمَدَ9 senses · 2 main

muḍāriʿـُيَفْعُلُmaṣdarجَمْدٌ جُمُودٌ

Core sense — it congealed, froze; he remained motionless; he was niggardlygenerated

1.1

maṣdars جَمْدٌ and جُمُودٌ.

Said of water and the like, that is, of anything fluid or liquid: it congealed, became solid, froze. Synonym قَامَ, the opposite of ذَابَ; also جَمُدَ.

Said of blood and the like: it congealed, synonym قام; or it became dry.

Derived nouns 17

Nounجَمْدٌ1 sense

Core sense — congealed, or frozen, water; icegenerated

See جَامِدٌ, in two places.

Show Lane's original text

: see جَامِدٌ , in two places.

Nounجُمْدٌ1 sense

Core sense — elevated ground; a hard, elevated placegenerated

See جُمُدٌ.

Show Lane's original text

: see جُمُدٌ .

Nounجَمَدٌ3 senses · 1 main

Core sense — congealed, or frozen, water; ice; snowgenerated

Plural [or rather ism jamʿ] of جَامِدٌ.

1.1

Also: congealed, or frozen, water; ice; and snow. [See also جَمْدٌ, mentioned along with جَامِدٌ.]

1.2

See also جَامِدٌ, in two places.

A kind of cloth or garment; also جِمَادٌ.

Show Lane's original text

[A thing that does not grow, or increase; that is incapable of growth, or increase; an inorganic thing; as a mineral and the like:] an inanimate thing; a thing that has no soul: [an epithet used as a subst.; or an epithet in which the quality of a subst. is predominant:] pl. جَمَادَاتٌ . (Har p. 13.) [See also جَامِدٌ .] Land ( أَرْضٌ ) upon which rain has not fallen: (T, S, K:) or dry land, upon which no rain has fallen, and in which is nothing: (T, TA:) or land in which is no produce: (A:) or, as some say, rugged land: (L:) or sterile, barren, or unfruitful, land, in which is nothing; as also جَهَادٌ : pl. جُمُدٌ . (AA, L in art. جهد .) A year ( سَنَةٌ ) in which is no rain: (S, K:) or in which is no produce of the earth: (A:) and, in like manner, جَامِدَةٌ a year in which is no herbage, or pasture, no plenty, or fruitfulness, and no rain. (T, TA.) A she-camel having no milk; (S, M, K;) and so a ewe or a she-goat: (L:) or having little milk: (T, TA:) and [accord. to some,] a slow she-camel; syn. بَطِيْئَةٌ ; (L, K;) but [this is app. a mistranscription for بَكِيْئَةٌ “ having little milk, ” and] ISd says that the explanation بطيئة does not please him. (TA.) See also جَامِدٌ , in two places. A kind of cloth or garment; as also جِمَادٌ . (K.)

Nounجَمَادِ1 sense

Core sense — said of a niggard: may his state remain stagnant and unimprovinggenerated

1figurative · مجاز

Like قَطَامِ or جَمَادِ لَهُ: said with reference to a niggard, in dispraise, as an imprecation, meaning: may a stagnant, unimproving state or condition be his lot [or his constant lot]; or may he never cease to be in a stagnant, unimproving state or condition.

جَمَادِ is [a proper name,] indeclinable, ending in kesr, because it is transformed from the maṣdar الجُمُودُ, like فَجَارِ, which means الفَجْرَةُ; and the opposite of جَمَادِ لَهُ is جَمَادِ لَهُ, which expresses praise.

El-Mutalemmis says

shāhid

جَمَادِ لَهَا وَلَا تَقُولِىلَهَا أَبَدًا إِذَا ذُكِرَتْ حَمَادِ

— that is: Say جُمُودًا to her, [جُمُودًا,] and do not say to her [ever, when she is mentioned,] حَمْدًا and شُكْرًا.

Show Lane's original text

, like قَطَامِ , (K,) or جَمَادِ لَهُ , (S, A, L,) said with reference to a niggard, (S, A, L, K,) in dispraise, (K,) as an imprecation, meaning May a stagnant, or an unimproving, state or condition ( جُمُودُ الحَالِ ) be his lot [or his constant lot]: (A:) or may he not cease to be in a stagnant, or an unimproving, state or condition ( لَا زَالَ جَامِدَ الحَالِ ). (S, L.) جَمَادِ is [a proper name,] indecl., with kesr for its termination, because it is transformed from the inf. n., namely, الجُمُودُ , like فَجَارِ , which means الفَجْرَةُ : (S:) and the contr. of جَمَادِ لَهُ is جَمَادِ لَهُ , (S, * A,) which denotes praise. (S.) El-Mutalemmis says, 1 i. e., Say thou جُمُودًا to her, [ جُمُودًا ,] and say not to her [ever, when she is mentioned,] حَمْدًا and شُكْرًا . (S.) جَمَادِ لَهَا وَلَا تَقُولِى | لَهَا أَبَدًا إِذَا ذُكِرَتْ حَمَادِ

Nounجِمَادٌ1 sense

Core sense — a kind of cloth or garmentgenerated

See جَمَادٌ, last meaning.

Show Lane's original text

: see جَمَادٌ , last meaning.

Nounجَمُودٌ1 sense

Core sense — niggardly; one whose eye sheds few tearsgenerated

See جَامِدٌ.

Show Lane's original text

: see جَامِدٌ .

Nounجُمُودٌ1 sense

Core sense — elevated tracts, softer and more level, mixed with plain groundgenerated

[Apparently: elevated tracts,] softer, or more level, than what is called جُمُدٌ, and more mixed with soft, level tracts, sometimes lying in or beside that kind of high ground which is called قُفٌّ, and sometimes in or beside soft, level tracts.

Show Lane's original text

[app. Elevated tracts,] softer, or more plain, than what is termed جُمُدٌ , and more intermixed with soft, or plain, tracts, sometimes in, or by, that [kind of high ground] which is termed قُفٌّ , and sometimes in, or by, soft, or plain, tracts. (ISh, L, TA.)

Nounجَمِيدُ العَيْنِ1 sense

Core sense — one whose eye sheds few tears, or no tearsgenerated

See جَامِدٌ.

Show Lane's original text

: see جَامِدٌ .

Nounجُمَادَى2 senses · 1 main

Core sense — a name of two Arabian months, the fifth and sixth of the yeargenerated

One of the names of the months, applied to two of the Arabian months, together called جُمَادَيَانِ and distinguished by the names جُمَادَى الأُولَى and جُمَادَى الآخِرَةُ [the fifth and sixth months of the Arabian year].

It is of the measure فُعَالَى, from الجَمْدُ; the two months to which it is applied are [said to be] so called because, when the months were named, these two fell in the season when water freezes.

[But this derivation seems to have been invented when the two months so named had fallen back into, or beyond, the winter; for when they received this name the former of them clearly began in March and the latter ended in May. I therefore hold the opinion of M. Caussin de Perceval, that they were so called because they fell in a period when the earth had become dry and hard through lack of rain, from جَمَادٌ, an adjective applied to land on which rain has not fallen, or from جُمَادَى, an adjective applied to an eye that sheds few tears; an opinion confirmed by the obvious derivations of the names of other months, صَفَرٌ, رَبِيعٌ, رَمَضَانُ and شَوَّالٌ.]

Afterwards, when the lunar months replaced the solar, the same names were kept. [See زَمَنٌ and الهِجْرَةُ.]

جمادى is determinate, being a proper name, and is feminine; if you find it masculine, that is because it is made to agree with الشَّهْرُ. All the other names of the months are masculine.

The plural is جُمَادَيَاتٌ, which follows analogy; and if the form جِمَادٌ [a miscopying for جَمَائِدُ, like حَبَائِرُ, plural of حُبَارَى] were used, it would also follow analogy.

The former of these two months is also called جُمَادَى خَمْسَةٍ, and the latter جُمَادَى سِتَّةٍ, which mean, respectively, Jumádà the fifth month and Jumádà the sixth month from the beginning of the year.

Lebeed says, describing a pair of wild asses: [Until, when they both pass through and come to the end of Jumádà, completing six months, they satisfy themselves with green pasture so as to need no water, and his and her abstinence from water becomes long-lasting]

shāhid

حَتَّى إِذَا سَلَخَا جُمَادَى سِتَّةًجَزَآ فَطَالَ صِيَامُهُ وَصِيَامُهَا

. So it is cited by Bundár, ستّة being in the accusative case as a denotative of state, and by جمادى being meant جمادى الآخرة.

Or, according to IAar, the poet said ستّةٍ, meaning the six months of winter, which are the months of dew; and Aboo-'Amr Esh-Sheybánee says the like.

AHn says that the Arabs applied the name جمادى to the whole of the winter, whether the winter fell at the same time as the months so called or not; and Aboo-Sa'eed says the like.

1.1

See also جَامِدٌ.

Show Lane's original text

One of the names of the months, (Msb, K,) applied to two of the Arabian months, together called جُمَادَيَانِ , (TA,) and distinguished by the appellations of جُمَادَى الأُولَى and جُمَادَى الآخِرَةُ [the fifth and sixth months of the Arabian year]: (S, K:) it is of the measure فُعَالَى , from الجَمْدُ ; (S;) the two months to which it is applied being [said to be] so called because, when the months were named, these two fell in the season of the freezing of water: (ISd, L, Msb:) [but this derivation seems to have been invented when the two months thus named had fallen back, into, or beyond, the winter; for when they received this appellation, the former of them evidently commenced in March, and the latter ended in May; therefore I hold the opinion of M. Caussin de Perceval, that they were thus called because falling in a period when the earth had become dry and hard by reason of paucity of rain, from جَمَادٌ , an epithet applied to land upon which rain has not fallen, or from جُمَادَى , an epithet applied to an eye that sheds few tears; which opinion is confirmed by the obvious derivations of the names of other months, صَفَرٌ and رَبِيعٌ and رَمَضَانُ and شَوَّالٌ :] afterwards, when the lunar months superseded the solar, the same names were retained: (Msb:) [see زَمَنٌ , and الهِجْرَةُ :] جمادى is determinate, (K,) being a proper name, (TA,) and of the fem. gender: (Msb, K:) if you find it masc., it is because it is made to accord to الشَّهْرُ : all the other names of the months are masc.: (Fr, IAmb, Msb:) the pl. is جُمَادَيَاتٌ , (Fr, L, K,) agreeably with analogy; and if the form جِمَادٌ [a mistranscription for جَمَائِدُ , like حَبَائِرُ , pl. of حُبَارَى ,] were used, it would also be agreeable with analogy. (Fr, L.) The former of these two months is also called جُمَادَى خَمْسَةٍ ; and the latter, جُمَادَى سِتَّةٍ ; (K;) which mean, respectively, Jumádà the fifth month and Jumádà the sixth month, from the commencement of the year. (TA.) Lebeed says, [describing a pair of wild asses,] 1 [Until, when they both pass, and come to the end of, Jumádà, completing six months, they satisfy themselves with green pasture so as to be in no need of water, and his and her abstinence from water becomes of long continuance]: thus cited by Bundár; ستّة being in the accus. case as a denotative of state, and by جمادى being meant جمادى الآخرة : or, accord. to IAar, the poet said ستّةٍ , meaning the six months of winter, which are the months of dew; and Aboo-'Amr Esh-Sheybánee says the like. (MF.) AHn says that the Arabs applied the name of جمادى to The whole of the winter; [see above;] whether the winter were at the same time as the months so called or not: and Aboo-Sa'eed says the like. (L.) حَتَّى إِذَا سَلَخَا جُمَادَى سِتَّةً | جَزَآ فَطَالَ صِيَامُهُ وَصِيَامُهَا See also جَامِدٌ .

Nounلَيْلَةٌ جُمَادِيَّةٌ1 sense

Core sense — a wintry nightgenerated

A wintry night. Aboo-Sa'eed. [See جُمَادَى.]

Show Lane's original text

A wintry night. (Aboo-Sa'eed, L.) [See جُمَادَى .]

Nounجَمَّادٌ1 sense

Core sense — a sword that leaves the one struck motionless; a sharp, cutting swordgenerated

1figurative · مجاز

A sword such that whoever is struck with it becomes motionless; or a sharp, cutting sword.

Show Lane's original text

A sword such that he who is struck with it becomes motionless ( يَجْمُدُ ): (A, TA:) or a sharp, cutting, sword. (AA, K.)

Nounجَامِدٌ11 senses · 2 main

Core sense — congealed, frozen; not growing, inanimate; motionless; niggardlygenerated

1the frozen waters have become many—قَدْ كَثُرَ الجَمَدُ

Applied to water and the like, that is, to anything fluid or liquid: in a state of congelation, concretion, or solidity; freezing. Also جَمْدٌ, the opposite of ذَائِبٌ.

One says مَآءٌ جَمْدٌ [as well as مَآءٌ جَامِدٌ].

Or جَمْدٌ means what is congealed or frozen of water and the like; ice; the opposite of ذَوْبٌ [see also جَمَدٌ]. It is originally a maṣdar, [or it is an adjective from جَمُدَ, like ضَخْمٌ from ضَخُمَ].

جَمَدٌ is a plural [or rather an ism jamʿ] of جَامِدٌ, as خَدَمٌ is of خَادِمٌ.

a hard piece of marrow—مُخَّةٌ جَامِدَةٌ

1.1figurative · مجاز — inferred

Remaining fixed, stationary, or motionless.

Lane cites “Jel in xxvii. 90” — a commentary, not the verse; no modern number is given

1.2figurative · مجازyours is what of this property is gold and silver, and what is live stock—لَكَ جَامِدُ هٰذَا المَالِ وَذَائِبُهُ

A thing that does not grow or increase; [incapable of growth or increase; inanimate;] as stone, as opposed to a tree [and an animal]. [See also جَمَادٌ.]

Or: what of it consists of stones and what consists of trees; or what of it is solid and what is fluid or liquid.

1.3figurative · مجاز — inferred

[Hence its use in lexicology and grammar for a noun that is not a maṣdar and is not derived from a maṣdar; a noun having the quality of a real substantive, as opposed to one having the quality of an ideal substantive.]

[And for a verb that has only one tense and no maṣdar, such as لَيْسَ and نِعْمَ and the like, opposed to مُتَصَرِّفٌ. In these cases it may be rendered, and I have so rendered it, aplastic.]

1.4figurative · مجاز — inferred

Lifeless; dead.

1.5figurative · مجاز — inferred

Stupid, dull, lacking intelligence; inert; not sharp, penetrating, vigorous, or effective in performing affairs; or soft, without strength or sturdiness, and without endurance.

1.6figurative · مجاز — inferreda man in a stagnant, unimproving state or condition—رَجُلٌ جَامِدُ الحَالِ

It is also applied to a man's state or condition.

1.7figurative · مجازan eye that sheds no tears—عَيْنٌ جَامِدَةٌ

It is applied to the eye as well.

Also جُمَادَى and جَمُودٌ; or this last means an eye that sheds few tears.

And رَجُلٌ جَامِدُ العَيْنِ, جَمِيدُ العين and جَمَادُ العين: a man whose eye sheds few tears, or whose eye sheds no tears.

1.8

See also جَمَادٌ.

1.9figurative · مجاز

Also, and مُجْمِدٌ and جَمَادُ الكَفِّ: niggardly, penurious, or avaricious; niggardly of what it is his duty to give.

And مُجْمِدٌ also: a man of little or no good; possessing little or no good.

2limits, boundaries, or boundary-marks between lands, and between two dwellings—جَوَامِدُ

This is as its plural.

Show Lane's original text

, applied to water, (Msb, K,) &c., (Msb,) [i. e.] anything fluid, or liquid, (K,) In a state of congelation, concretion, or solidity; freezing; as also جَمْدٌ ; contr. of ذَائِبٌ : (Msb, K:) you say مَآءٌ جَمْدٌ [as well as مَآءٌ جَامِدٌ ]: (Msb:) or جَمْدٌ signifies what is congealed, or frozen, of water [&c.]; ice; (S, A;) contr. of ذَوْبٌ : (S:) [see also جَمَدٌ :] it is originally an inf. n.: (S, Msb, K:) [or it is an epithet from جَمُدَ , like ضَخْمٌ from ضَخُمَ :] and جَمَدٌ is a pl. [or rather a quasi-pl. n.] of جَامِدٌ , (S, Msb, K,) like as خَدَمٌ is of خَادِمٌ : (S, Msb:) you say, قَدْ كَثُرَ الجَمَدُ [The frozen waters have become many]. (S.) [Hence,] مُخَّةٌ جَامِدَةٌ A hard piece of marrow. (L.) Remaining fixed, stationary, or motionless. (Bd and Jel in xxvii. 90.) A thing that does not grow, or increase; [incapable of growth, or increase; inanimate;] as stone, in contradistinction to a tree [and an animal]. (Kull.) [See also جَمَادٌ .] You say, لَكَ جَامِدُ هٰذَا المَالِ وَذَائِبُهُ (A, L, K *) To thee belongs, or shall belong, what consists of gold and silver [or the like inanimate things], of this property, and what consists of live stock, thereof: (L, K:) or what consists of stones, thereof, and what consists of trees, thereof: or what is solid, thereof, and what is fluid, or liquid, thereof. (L.) [Hence its application in lexicology and grammar to A noun that is not an inf. n. nor derived from an inf. n.; a noun having the quality of a real substantive ( اِسْمِ عَيْنٍ ), opposed to that which has the quality of an ideal substantive ( اِسْمُ مَعْنًى ): and a verb that has but one tense and no inf. n., as لَيْسَ and نِعْمَ &c., opposed (as is said in the TA voce قَدْ ) to مُتَصَرِّفٌ : it may be rendered (and so I have rendered it), in these cases, aplastic.] Lifeless; dead. (Kull p. 147.) Stupid, dull, wanting in intelligence; inert; not sharp, penetrating, vigorous, or effective, in the performing of affairs; or soft, without strength or sturdiness, and without endurance. (TA.) It is also applied to a man's state, or condition: you say رَجُلٌ جَامِدُ الحَالِ [A man in a stagnant, or unimproving, state or condition]. (S, L.) And to the eye: you say عَيْنٌ جَامِدَةٌ An eye that sheds no tears; (Ks, K;) as also جُمَادَى , (Ks, K,) and جَمُودٌ ; (S, K;) or this last signifies an eye that sheds few tears. (A.) And رَجُلٌ جَامِدُ العَيْنِ , (A, K,) and جَمِيدُ العين , and جَمَادُ العين , (A,) A man whose eye sheds few tears; (A;) or whose eye sheds no tears. (K.) See also جَمَادٌ . Also, (L,) and مُجْمِدٌ , (M, A, K,) and جَمَادُ الكَفِّ , (A, K,) Niggardly, penurious, or avaricious; (M, A, K;) niggardly of that which it is incumbent on him to give: (L:) and مُجْمِدٌ , also, a man of little, or no, good; possessing little, or no, good. (K.) جَوَامِدُ , (as its pl., IAar, L,) Limits, or boundaries, or boundary-marks, between lands, (IAar, L, K, *) and between two dwellings. (L.)

Nounمُجْمِدٌ2 senses · 1 main

Core sense — one entrusted with managing the arrows in a game of chancegenerated

See جَامِدٌ, last sentence but one, in two places.

1.1

The person entrusted with the management of affairs in a game of chance ( قِمَار [here meaning the game called المَيْسِر ]): [the same as ضَرِيبٌ.]

Or the person entrusted with the management of affairs among a people or party, who takes no part in the game called المَيْسِر except that he shuffles the arrows for the players, and has them placed in his hands, and is trusted with them, and compels anyone who has incurred an obligation to fulfil it.

Or one who takes no part in the game called المَيْسِر (who is called بَرَمٌ ) but who sometimes shuffles, or deals out, the arrows for the players; so in this verse of Tarafeh: [And of many a yellow arrow, changed in colour by fire, I have awaited the sound over the fire, and I have placed it in the hand of one taking no part in the game but only dealing out the arrows for the players]

shāhid

وَأَصْفَرَ مَضْبُوحٍ نَظَرْتُ حَوِيرَهُعَلَى النَّارِ وَٱسْتَوْدَعْتُهُ كَفَّ مُجْمِدِ

; meaning, I have awaited its sound, which was like an answer coming from it, when I straightened it and marked it, over the fire.

[Or, according to the EM (p. 105), where حِوَارَهُ stands in the place of حَوِيرَهُ, the meaning is: and of many a yellow arrow, and so on, I have awaited the returning and gaining, while we were gathered at the fire.]

Or مجمد here means a man taking with both hands so as to let nothing go out of them; or, according to As, it here means a man entering upon Jumádà, which in the poet's time was a month of cold; or one whose arrow gains nothing in the game called المَيْسِر; or a person in whom one trusts, who holds fast what is in his hand or possession and is not to be deceived. So says A 'Obeyd.

Show Lane's original text

: see جَامِدٌ , last sentence but one, in two places. The person who is entrusted with the management of affairs in a game of chance ( قِمَار [here meaning the game called المَيْسِر ]): (K:) [i. q. ضَرِيبٌ :] or the person entrusted with the management of affairs among a people or party, (T, K, TA,) who does not take part in the game called المَيْسِر , except that he shuffles the arrows ( يَضْرِبُ بِهَا ) for the players, and has them placed in his hands, and is confided in with respect to them, and compels him who has incurred an obligation to fulfil it: (L, TA:) or one who takes no part in the game called المَيْسِر , (who is called بَرَمٌ ,) but who sometimes shuffles, or deals forth, the arrows, ( يُفِيضُ بِهَا ,) for the players; so in the following verse of Tarafeh: 1 [And of many a yellow arrow, changed in colour by fire, I have awaited the sound over the fire, and I have deposited it in the hand of one taking no part in the game but only shuffling, or dealing forth, the arrows for the players]; meaning, I have awaited its sound, which was like an answer proceeding from it, when I straightened it and marked it, over the fire: (S:) [or, accord. to the EM (p. 105), where we find حِوَارَهُ in the place of حَوِيرَهُ , the meaning is, and of many a yellow arrow, &c., I have awaited the returning and gaining, while we were assembled at the fire, &c.:] or مجمد here means a man taking with both his hands so as not to let anything go forth from them: (AA, TA:) or, accord. to As, it here means a man entering upon Jumádà, which was in that [the poet's] time a month of cold: (S, K: *) or one whose arrow does not gain anything in the game called المَيْسِر : (L:) or a person in whom one confides, and who is tenacious of that which is in his hand or possession, and not to be deceived. (A 'Obeyd, TA.) وَأَصْفَرَ مَضْبُوحٍ نَظَرْتُ حَوِيرَهُ | عَلَى النَّارِ وَٱسْتَوْدَعْتُهُ كَفَّ مُجْمِدِ

Nounمَجْمَدَةٌ1 sense

Core sense — a place in which ice is keptgenerated

A place in which ice is kept.

Show Lane's original text

A place in which ice is kept. (MA.)

Nounهُوَ مُجَامِدِى1 sense

Core sense — he is my neighbour, his house adjoining minegenerated

He is my neighbour, his house, or tent, adjoining mine.

Show Lane's original text

He is my neighbour, his house, or tent, adjoining mine. (K.)