جسم

Form 1 · Form 2 · Form 5 · 12 entries · Qur'ānic frequency 2

Form 1جَسُمَ1 sense

muḍāriʿـُيَفْعُلُ·ـَيَفْعَلُmaṣdarجَسَامَةٌ جَسَمٌ

Core sense — he, or it, was, or became, great, large, or bulky in bodygenerated

1.1it (a thing) was, or became, great, big, or bulky—جَسِمَ

he, or it, (a thing) was, or became, great, or large.

the first form has the same meaning.

Or: he, or it, was, or became, great, or large, in body; or he, or it, became corpulent, or bodied; also تجسّم.

Show Lane's original text

, (S, Msb, K, &c.,) aor. جَسُمَ , (K,) inf. n. جَسَامَةٌ , (Msb, TA,) He, or it, (a thing, S,) was, or became, great, or large: (S, K:) or so جَسِمَ , aor. جَسَمَ , inf. n. جَسَمٌ : and the former, it (a thing) was, or it, was, or became, great, big, or bulky: (Msb:) or he, or it, was, or became, great, or large, in body: (KL:) or he, or it, was, or became, corpulent; or corporeal, or bodied; as also تجسّم . (MA, PS.)

Form 2جسّم2 senses · 1 main

maṣdarتَجْسِيمٌ

Core sense — he made it corporeal, or great, large, or bulkygenerated

2.1

He, or it, made it corporeal, or great, large, big, or bulky.

2.1.1

[He made it to be solid, or to have length and breadth and thickness.]

Show Lane's original text

, inf. n. تَجْسِيمٌ , He, or it, made, or rendered, corporeal; or great, large, big, or bulky. (KL.) [He made to be solid, or to have length and breadth and thickness.]

Form 5تَجَسَّمَ6 senses · 2 main

Core sense — he took a form; he chose someone; he undertook the bulk of an affairgenerated

5.1

See Form 1.

5.1.1figurative · مجازsuch a thing took a form, or shape, [or an embodiment,] in my eye—تجسّم فِى عَيْنِى كَذَا

apparently: such a one was, or became, an embodiment of generosity—تجسّم فُلَانٌ مِنَ الكَرَمِ

apparently: as though he were generosity embodied—كَأَنَّهُ كَرَمٌ قَدْ تَجَسَّمَ

5.2figurative · مجازhe chose such a one—تجسّم فُلَانًا

As though he directed his course, or aim, towards his جِسْم [or body]; like as you say تَأَيَّيْتُهُ, meaning “I directed my course, or aim, towards his آيَة and his شَخْص.”

[from among the people, or party]—مِنْ بَيْنِ القَوْمِ

[from the kinsfolk, or tribe, and sent him]—مِنَ العَشِيرَةِ فَأَرْسَلَهُ

[See also Form 5 in art. جشم.]

[Choose her, a she-camel from among the camels, and stick her]—تَجَسَّمْهَا نَاقَةً مِنَ الإِبِلِ قَٱنْحَرْهَا

One says also this.

5.2.1figurative · مجاز — inferredhe headed towards the land, or country, wanting to go there—تجسّم الأَرْضَ

5.2.2figurative · مجاز — inferredhe climbed the greater part of the sand—تجسّم الرَّمْلَ

he climbed the greater part of the mountain—الجَبَلَ

[See also Form 5 in art. جشم.]

5.2.3figurative · مجازhe ventured upon, embarked in, or undertook, the main part, or bulk, of the affair—تجسّم الأَمْرَ

Same as رَكِبَ مُعْظَمَهُ.

Or: he forced himself to do it, or to perform it; also تجشّمهُ. (Aboo-Mihjen, Aboo-Turáb)

Or both these verbs mean: he took it, or imposed it, upon himself, or he undertook it, in spite of difficulty or trouble or inconvenience. (Aboo-Turáb, in art. جشم)

apparently: such a one undertakes difficult or troublesome affairs, in spite of the difficulty—يَتَجَسَّمَ المَجَاسِمَ فُلَانٌ

the same—يَتَجَشَّمُ المَجَاشِمَ

Supposing the two nouns to be plurals whose singulars are مَجْسَمَةٌ and مَجْشَمَةٌ, of the measure مَفْعَلَةٌ, like مَبْخَلَةٌ, مَجْبَنَةٌ, and مَشَّقَةٌ (originally مَشْقَقَةٌ), and the like.

Show Lane's original text

see 1. [Hence,] تجسّم فِى عَيْنِى كَذَا Such a thing assumed a form, or shape, [or an embodiment,] in my eye. (TA.) And تجسّم فُلَانٌ مِنَ الكَرَمِ [app. Such a one was, or became, an embodiment of generosity]. (TA.) And كَأَنَّهُ كَرَمٌ قَدْ تَجَسَّمَ [app. As though he were generosity embodied]. (TA.) تجسّم فُلَانًا He chose such a one (S, K, TA) مِنْ بَيْنِ القَوْمِ [from among the people, or party], (S,) or مِنَ العَشِيرَةِ فَأَرْسَلَهُ [from the kinsfolk, or tribe, &c., and sent him]: (TA:) as though he directed his course, or aim, to, or towards, his جِسْم [or body]; like as you say, تَأَيَّيْتُهُ , meaning “ I directed my course, or aim, to, or towards, his آيَة , and his شَخْص . ” (S.) [See also 5 in art. جشم .] One says also, تَجَسَّمْهَا نَاقَةً مِنَ الإِبِلِ قَٱنْحَرْهَا [Choose thou her, a she-camel from among the camels, and stick her]. (TA.) تجسّم الأَرْضَ He betook himself towards the land, or country, (S, K,) desiring to go thither. (S.) تجسّم الرَّمْلَ , (S, K,) and الجَبَلَ , (S,) He mounted, or ascended, the greater part of the sand, (S, K,) and of the mountain. (S.) [See also 5 in art. جشم .] تجسّم الأَمْرَ i. q. رَكِبَ مُعْظَمَهُ ; (S, K, TA;) i. e., He ventured upon, embarked in, or undertook, the main part, or bulk, of the affair: (TK:) or he constrained himself to do it, or perform it; as also تجشّمهُ : (Aboo-Mihjen, Aboo-Turáb, TA:) or both these verbs signify he took it, or imposed it, upon himself, or he undertook it, in spite of difficulty or trouble or inconvenience. (Aboo-Turáb, TA in art. جشم .) You say also, يَتَجَسَّمَ المَجَاسِمَ فُلَانٌ and يَتَجَشَّمُ المَجَاشِمَ [app. meaning Such a one undertakes, in spite of difficulty or trouble or inconvenience, those things, or affairs, that are causes of difficulty or trouble or inconvenience; i. e., difficult, or troublesome, or inconvenient things or affairs: supposing the two nouns to be pls. of which the sings. are مَجْسَمَةٌ and مَجْشَمَةٌ , of the measure مَفْعَلَةٌ , like مَبْخَلَةٌ and مَجْبَنَةٌ and مَشَّقَةٌ (originally مَشْقَقَةٌ ) &c.]. (TA.)

Derived nouns 9

Nounجِسْمٌ2 senses · 1 main

Core sense — the body, with the limbs; a material substance, a solidgenerated

1figurative · مجازhe became fat, after leanness; his good state of body returned to him—ثَابَ جِسْمُهُ

The body, with the limbs or members; the same as جَسَدٌ, and so also جُسْمَانٌ and جُثْمَانٌ.

Or جِسْمٌ and جُسْمَانٌ are the same as جَسَدٌ, or mean the whole body and limbs or members of a man, and of a beast, a camel, and the like, and of any other species of large make.

And جُثْمَانٌ is the same as شَخْصٌ [apparently as meaning “a person”]; and جُسْمَانٌ means the whole جِسْم of a man.

Er-Rāghib: or جِسْمٌ means [a body, or material substance; a solid;] a thing having length and breadth and thickness, so that, when it is cut and divided, no part of it stops being a جِسْم, whereas a شَخْص [meaning “a person”] stops being a شَخْص once it is divided.

A thing that can be divided in length and breadth and thickness is called جِسْمٌ طَبِيعِىٌّ, and also, because it is a subject of investigation or inquiry in teaching the mathematical studies, جِسْمٌ تَعْلِيمِىٌّ.

Plural [of paucity] أَجْسَامٌ, and [of multitude] جُسُومٌ.

So in art. ثوب.

the same—أَثَابَ جِسْمُهُ

his condition of body became good, after being wasted, and its health returned to him—ثَابَ إِلَيْهِ جِسْمُهُ

[He is slender, spare, or lean, of body]—إِنَّهُ لَحَنِيفُ الجُسْمَانِ

1.1[the material substances of different natures]—الأَجْسَامُ المُخْتَلِفَةُ الطَّبَائِعِ

Also called الأَجْسَامُ السَّبْعَةُ, the seven material substances, and الفِلِذَاتُ: namely, the عَنَاصِر [which are the four elements, fire, air, earth, and water] and the three products composed of these, which are minerals, vegetables, and animals.

الأَجْسَامُ الطَّبِيعِيَّهُ, as used by those who study to discover hidden things, means the عَرْش and the كُرْسِىّ and الأَجْسَامُ العُنْصُرِيَّةُ, everything besides these two, of the heavens and of the [elements called] أُسْطُقُسَات in them.

Qur’ānic occurrences جِسْم

2:247

وَقَالَ لَهُمْ نَبِيُّهُمْ إِنَّ ٱللَّهَ قَدْ بَعَثَ لَكُمْ طَالُوتَ مَلِكًا ۚ قَالُوٓا۟ أَنَّىٰ يَكُونُ لَهُ ٱلْمُلْكُ عَلَيْنَا وَنَحْنُ أَحَقُّ بِٱلْمُلْكِ مِنْهُ وَلَمْ يُؤْتَ سَعَةً مِّنَ ٱلْمَالِ ۚ قَالَ إِنَّ ٱللَّهَ ٱصْطَفَىٰهُ عَلَيْكُمْ وَزَادَهُۥ بَسْطَةً فِى ٱلْعِلْمِ وَٱلْجِسْمِ ۖ وَٱللَّهُ يُؤْتِى مُلْكَهُۥ مَن يَشَآءُ ۚ وَٱللَّهُ وَٰسِعٌ عَلِيمٌ

Their Prophet said to them: "Allah hath appointed Talut as king over you." They said: "How can he exercise authority over us when we are better fitted than he to exercise authority, and he is not even gifted, with wealth in abundance?" He said: "Allah hath Chosen him above you, and hath gifted him abundantly with knowledge and bodily prowess: Allah Granteth His authority to whom He pleaseth. Allah careth for all, and He knoweth all things."

63:4

وَإِذَا رَأَيْتَهُمْ تُعْجِبُكَ أَجْسَامُهُمْ ۖ وَإِن يَقُولُوا۟ تَسْمَعْ لِقَوْلِهِمْ ۖ كَأَنَّهُمْ خُشُبٌ مُّسَنَّدَةٌ ۖ يَحْسَبُونَ كُلَّ صَيْحَةٍ عَلَيْهِمْ ۚ هُمُ ٱلْعَدُوُّ فَٱحْذَرْهُمْ ۚ قَـٰتَلَهُمُ ٱللَّهُ ۖ أَنَّىٰ يُؤْفَكُونَ

When thou lookest at them, their exteriors please thee; and when they speak, thou listenest to their words. They are as (worthless as hollow) pieces of timber propped up, (unable to stand on their own). They think that every cry is against them. They are the enemies; so beware of them. The curse of Allah be on them! How are they deluded (away from the Truth)!

Occurrences of this form in the Qur’ān, not Lane’s choice of verse. They show the word in use; they do not say which sense above applies. Where more occur than are shown, the shortest āyāt are chosen.

Show Lane's original text

The body, with the limbs or members; syn. جَسَدٌ ; (AZ, S, Msb;) as also جُسْمَانٌ and جُثْمَانٌ : (AZ, S, Msb: *) or جِسْمٌ and جُسْمَانٌ are syn. with جَسَدٌ ; (As, S;) or signify the whole body and limbs or members of a man, (K, and T and Msb in explanation of جسم ,) and of a beast, a camel, and the like, (T, Msb,) and of any other species, (K,) of large make; (T, Msb, K;) and جُثْمَانٌ is syn. with شَخْصٌ [app. as meaning “ a person ”]; and جُسْمَانٌ signifies the whole جِسْم of a man: (As, S:) or جِسْمٌ signifies [a body, or material substance; a solid;] a thing having length and breadth and thickness; so that, when it is cut and divided, no portion thereof ceases to be a جِسْم ; whereas a شَخْص [meaning “ a person ”] ceases to be a شَخْص by its being divided: (Er-Rághib, TA:) a thing that is capable of being divided in length and breadth and thickness is called جِسْمٌ طَبِيعِىٌّ , and also, because it is a subject of investigation, or inquiry, in instruction in the mathematical studies, جِسْمٌ تَعْلِيمِىٌّ : (KT:) pl. [of pauc.] أَجْسَامٌ and [of mult] جُسُومٌ . (K.) You say, ثَابَ جِسْمُهُ , (M, A, K, in art. ثوب ,) and أَثَابَ جِسْمُهُ , (IKt, M, ib.,) and ثَابَ إِلَيْهِ جِسْمُهُ , (T, M, A, ib.,) He became fat, after leanness; (A;) his good state of body returned to him; (M, K; *) his condition of body became good, after extenuation; and health, or soundness, thereof returned to him. (T.) And إِنَّهُ لَحَنِيفُ الجُسْمَانِ [Verily he is slender, spare, or lean, of body]. (TA.) الأَجْسَامُ المُخْتَلِفَةُ الطَّبَائِعِ [The material substances of different natures; also called الأَجْسَامُ السَّبْعَةُ the seven material substances, and الفِلِذَاتُ ; namely,] the عَنَاصِر [which are the four elements, fire, air, earth, and water,] and the three products composed of these, (KT,) which are minerals, vegetables, and animals. (Note in a copy of the KT.) الأَجْسَامُ الطَّبِيعِيَّهُ , as used by those who study to discover occult things, signifies The عَرْش and the كُرْسِىّ : and الأَجْسَامُ العُنْصُرِيَّةُ , everything beside these two, of the heavens and the [elements termed] أُسْطُقُسَات therein. (KT.)

Nounجِسْمِىٌّ1 sense

Core sense — bodily, corporealgenerated

[Bodily, or corporeal.]

Show Lane's original text

[ Bodily, or corporeal.]

Nounجِسْمِيَّةٌ1 sense

Core sense — bodiliness, the state of being corporealgenerated

[Bodiliness, or being corporeal.]

Show Lane's original text

[ Bodiliness, or corporeity.]

Nounجُسْمَانٌ1 sense

Core sense — the body, with the limbs; the persongenerated

See جِسْمٌ, in four places.

Show Lane's original text

: see جِسْمٌ , in four places.

Nounجُسْمَانِىٌّ1 sense

Core sense — bodily, corporealgenerated

See جَسِيمٌ.

Show Lane's original text

: see جَسِيمٌ .

Nounجُسَامٌ1 sense

Core sense — great, large, big, or bulkygenerated

See the word that follows.

Show Lane's original text

: see what next follows

Nounجَسِيمٌ3 senses · 1 main

Core sense — great, large, bulky; corpulent; the main part of an affairgenerated

1[It is one of great affairs or events]—هُوَ مِنْ جِسَامِ الأُمُورِ

Great, large, big, bulky; also جُسَامٌ.

Feminine with ة; plural جِسَامٌ [and جُسُمٌ too, like as جُدُدٌ is plural of جَدِيدٌ].

And: corpulent, large in body, big-bodied; also جُسْمَانِىٌّ, applied to a man.

[meaning the same, or of great afflictions or calamities]—مِنْ جَسِيمَاتِ الخُطُوبِ

great affairs or events—جُسُمٌ

Or أُمُورٌ جُسُمٌ.

the bulk, or the main, principal, or chief part, of the affair—جَسِيمُ الأَمْرِ

And so أَجْسَمُ الأَمْرِ.

1.1figurative · مجاز — inferredintelligent men—جُسُمٌ

This is the plural.

1.2elevated land over which water has risen—جَسِيمُ الأَرْضِ

Plural جِسَامٌ.

Show Lane's original text

Great; large; (S, Msb, K;) as also جُسَامٌ : (S, K:) big; bulky: (Msb:) fem. with ة : (K:) pl. جِسَامٌ (S, Msb) [and جُسُمٌ also, like as جُدُدٌ is pl. of جَدِيدٌ ]: and corpulent, large in body, or big-bodied; (K, * TA;) as also جُسْمَانِىٌّ , applied to a man. (TA.) You say, هُوَ مِنْ جِسَامِ الأُمُورِ [It is one of great affairs or events]: and مِنْ جَسِيمَاتِ الخُطُوبِ [meaning the same, or of great afflictions or calamities]. (TA.) And جُسُمٌ [likewise, or أُمُورٌ جُسُمٌ ,] signifies Great affairs or events. (TA.) جَسِيمُ الأَمْرِ signifies [also] The bulk, or the greater, main, principal, or chief, part, of the affair; and so أَجْسَمُ الأَمْرِ . (S.) [The pl.] جُسُمٌ also signifies Intelligent men. (TA.) جَسِيمُ الأَرْضِ Elevated land over which water has risen: (K, * TA:) pl. جِسَامٌ . (K.)

Nounأَجْسَمُ1 sense

Core sense — greater, larger, bulkier; greatest, largest, bulkiestgenerated

Greater, larger, bigger, or bulkier; or greatest, largest, biggest, or bulkiest.