جبى

Form 1 · Form 2 · Form 4 · Form 8 · 17 entries · Qur'ānic frequency 12

Lane files this root under جبو, and the entries below are that article. The Qur’ān’s own spelling is جبى.

Form 1جَبَى4 senses · 2 main

muḍāriʿـِيَفْعِلُ·ـَيَفْعَلُ·ـُيَفْعُلُجَبِوَجَبَوَيَأْبَى

Core sense — he collected water in a trough; he collected the tax; he chose itgenerated

1.1I collected water in a trough or tank for animals and the like—جَبَيْتُ

Ks gives this first person form.

Also جَبَى. MF says this is unknown, and also unreasonable, since neither the second nor the third radical is a faucial letter; but Sb mentions it, though holding it to be of weak authority, and IAar mentions it too as irregular, like أَبَى.

Also جَبَا, first person جَبَوْتُ, muḍāriʿ جَبُوَ.

The maṣdar of the first and the second is جَبْىٌ; probably of the last only جَبًا, جِبًا, and جُبًا; and, of the last, جِبْوَةٌ, though it is not shown whether in the first or the second of the senses that follow — or else this last word has a different application, explained below.

Er-Rāghib gives the same meaning.

1.1.1figurative · مجاز — inferredhe collected it from the people, or company of men—جَبَاهُ القَوْمَ

And from this, by extension, the first of these verbs, and the second, and the third — maṣdar جِبَايَةٌ, جِبَاوَةٌ, جَبْوٌ, and probably جِبْوَةٌ as well — mean: he collected the tax called خَرَاج, and other property.

The last of these verbs is said to be originally with ء, though pronounced without ء; but IB says that this is not so, and that it has not been heard with ء.

he collected from them—جَبَى مِنْهُمْ

1.1.2figurative · مجاز — inferredhe took a thing purely for himself, with no partner; he chose it, or took it in preference, for himself—جَبَا

Or جَبَى; first person جَبَيْتُ.

he chose it, or selected it—اجتباهُ

for himself—لِنَفْسِهِ

1.2he returned, drew back, or went back—جَبَى

he returned, drew back, or went back—جَبَا

It is originally جَبَأَ.

Qur’ānic occurrences Form 1

28:57

وَقَالُوٓا۟ إِن نَّتَّبِعِ ٱلْهُدَىٰ مَعَكَ نُتَخَطَّفْ مِنْ أَرْضِنَآ ۚ أَوَلَمْ نُمَكِّن لَّهُمْ حَرَمًا ءَامِنًا يُجْبَىٰٓ إِلَيْهِ ثَمَرَٰتُ كُلِّ شَىْءٍ رِّزْقًا مِّن لَّدُنَّا وَلَـٰكِنَّ أَكْثَرَهُمْ لَا يَعْلَمُونَ

They say: "If we were to follow the guidance with thee, we should be snatched away from our land." Have We not established for them a secure sanctuary, to which are brought as tribute fruits of all kinds,- a provision from Ourselves? but most of them understand not.

Occurrences of this form in the Qur’ān, not Lane’s choice of verse. They show the word in use; they do not say which sense above applies. Where more occur than are shown, the shortest āyāt are chosen.

Show Lane's original text

, (K,) first pers. جَبَيْتُ , (Ks, S, Er-Rághib,) aor. جَبِوَ ; (K;) and جَبَى , aor. جَبَوَ , (K,) said by MF to be unknown, and also, because neither the second nor the third radical is a faucial letter, unreasonable, but mentioned by Sb, though held by him to be of weak authority, and mentioned also by IAar, as extr., like أَبَى , aor. يَأْبَى ; (TA;) and جَبَا , (TA,) first pers. جَبَوْتُ , (Ks, S, TA,) aor. جَبُوَ ; (TA;) inf. n. [of the first and second] جَبْىٌ (Sh, K) and [probably of the last only] جَبًا and جِبًا and جُبًا and [of the last, but whether in the first or the second of the senses here following is not shown,] جِبْوَةٌ ; (K; [or this last has a different application, explained below;]) He collected water in a trough or tank for beasts &c. [Ks, S, K, Er-Rághib.) And (hence, metaphorically, Er-Rághib, TA) the first of these verbs, (S, Mgh, Msb, K, Er-Rághib,) and the second, (K,) and the third; (S, Msb, TA;) inf. n. (of the first, S, Msb) جِبَايَةٌ (S, Mgh, Msb, K, Er-Rághib) and (of the last, S, Msb) جِبَاوَةٌ (S, Msb, K) and جَبْوٌ (TA) [and probably جِبْوَةٌ also, which see above]; He collected the [tax called] خَرَاج , (S, Mgh, Msb, K, Er-Rághib,) and [other] property. (Msb, TA.) The last of these verbs is said in the S to be originally with ء , though pronounced without ء ; but IB says that this is not the case, and that it has not been heard with ء . (TA.) You say also, جَبَاهُ القَوْمَ [He collected it from the people, or company of men]; (M, K, * TA;) and جَبَى مِنْهُمْ [He collected from them]. (M, K, TA.) Also جَبَا [or جَبَى ], (TA,) first pers. جَبَيْتُ , (Zj, TA,) He appropriated a thing purely to himself, exclusively of any partner; chose it, or took it in preference, for himself. (Zj, TA.) And hence, (Zj, TA,) اجتباهُ He chose it, or selected it, (Zj, S, K) لِنَفْسِهِ for himself. (TA.) And جَبَى and جَبَا , [originally جَبَأَ ,] He returned, receded, retreated, or went back. (TA.)

Form 2جبّى2 senses

maṣdarتَجْبِيَةٌ

Core sense — he placed his hands on his knees in prayer, he prostrated himselfgenerated

2.1he placed his hands upon his knees, in prayer, or upon the ground—تَجْبِيَةٌ

Or: he fell prostrate, or fell upon his face; or he lowered his body and his hands and raised his buttocks.

Or تجبية means a man's standing, with the hands upon the knees, in the manner of the رَاكِع.

According to A'Obeyd, what is so called is of two kinds: one is placing the hands upon the knees while standing; the other is prostrating oneself, or falling upon the face, lying down, which is سُجُودٌ, or bending down and placing the hands upon the knees, because it brings the limbs together.

2.2he gave to him—جبّاهُ

Maṣdar as above. This use is vulgar.

Show Lane's original text

, inf. n. تَجْبِيَةٌ , He placed his hands upon his knees, (K, TA,) in prayer; (TA;) or upon the ground: or he fell prostrate; or fell upon his face: (K:) or he lowered his body and his hands, and raised his buttocks: (Ham p. 801:) [or] تجبية signifies a man's standing [with the hands upon the knees] in the manner of the رَاكِع : (S, K: *) accord. to A'Obeyd, what is thus termed is of two kinds: one is the placing the hands upon the knees, while standing: the other, the prostrating oneself, or falling upon the face, lying down; which is سُجُودٌ : (S:) or the bending down, and placing the hands upon the knees; because it is a bringing-together of the limbs. (Mgh.) جبّاهُ , inf. n. as above, meaning He gave to him, is vulgar. (TA.)

Form 4اجبى1 sense

Core sense — he sold seed-produce before it showed itself to be in good stategenerated

4.1

In the tradition, مَنْ أَجْبَى فَقَدْ أَرْبَى is originally أَجْبَأَ.

According to IAth, it is a mistake by the relater, or else the ء is dropped to make the verb match اربى.

The maṣdar, إِجْبَآءٌ, is explained in various ways: the selling of seed-produce before it shows itself to be in a good state; a man's hiding his camels from the collector of the poor-rate; and the same as عِينَةٌ, that is, selling a man a commodity for a certain price to be paid at a certain time, then buying it back from him with ready money for less than it was sold for.

Show Lane's original text

in the trad. مَنْ أَجْبَى فَقَدْ أَرْبَى is originally أَجْبَأَ [q. v.]: (S:) accord. to IAth, it is a corruption of the relater, or the ء is suppressed to assimilate the verb to اربى (TA.) The inf. n., إِجْبَآءٌ , is variously explained, as follows: (TA:) The selling seed-produce before it shows itself to be in a good state: (A'Obeyd, Th, S, K:) and a man's hiding his camels from the collector of the poor-rate: (IAar, A'Obeyd, K:) and i. q. عِينَةٌ ; i. e. the selling to a man a commodity for a certain price to be paid at a certain period, then buying it of him with ready money for a less price than that for which it was sold. (TA.)

Form 8اِجْتِبَآءٌ5 senses · 1 main

Core sense — the drawing forth of property; choosing, selecting; God's singling out of mengenerated

8.1figurative · مجاز — inferred

The drawing forth of property from the places where it is known, presumed, or usually kept.

8.1.1figurative · مجاز — inferred

Er-Rāghib: the collecting of a thing by way of choice, or selection.

8.1.2

See also form 1, next to the last sentence.

8.1.3figurative · مجاز — inferred

Er-Rāghib: also God's singling men out with abundant bounty, from which various blessings come to them without any labour of their own, as happens to prophets and some others.

8.1.4figurative · مجاز — inferredhe forged it; and he made it up on the spot—اجتباهُ

Hence, in the Kur 7:202, قَالُوا لَوْلَا ٱجْتَبَيْتَهَا: They say, Why have you not forged it, or produced it, or invented it, or put it together by forgery, of yourself? or, why have you not asked it, or demanded it, of God?

Qur’ānic occurrences Form 8 5 shown of 10

6:87

وَمِنْ ءَابَآئِهِمْ وَذُرِّيَّـٰتِهِمْ وَإِخْوَٰنِهِمْ ۖ وَٱجْتَبَيْنَـٰهُمْ وَهَدَيْنَـٰهُمْ إِلَىٰ صِرَٰطٍ مُّسْتَقِيمٍ

(To them) and to their fathers, and progeny and brethren: We chose them, and we guided them to a straight way.

7:203

وَإِذَا لَمْ تَأْتِهِم بِـَٔايَةٍ قَالُوا۟ لَوْلَا ٱجْتَبَيْتَهَا ۚ قُلْ إِنَّمَآ أَتَّبِعُ مَا يُوحَىٰٓ إِلَىَّ مِن رَّبِّى ۚ هَـٰذَا بَصَآئِرُ مِن رَّبِّكُمْ وَهُدًى وَرَحْمَةٌ لِّقَوْمٍ يُؤْمِنُونَ

If thou bring them not a revelation, they say: "Why hast thou not got it together?" Say: "I but follow what is revealed to me from my Lord: this is (nothing but) lights from your Lord, and Guidance, and mercy, for any who have faith."

16:121

شَاكِرًا لِّأَنْعُمِهِ ۚ ٱجْتَبَىٰهُ وَهَدَىٰهُ إِلَىٰ صِرَٰطٍ مُّسْتَقِيمٍ

He showed his gratitude for the favours of Allah, who chose him, and guided him to a Straight Way.

20:122

ثُمَّ ٱجْتَبَـٰهُ رَبُّهُۥ فَتَابَ عَلَيْهِ وَهَدَىٰ

But his Lord chose him (for His Grace): He turned to him, and gave him Guidance.

68:50

فَٱجْتَبَـٰهُ رَبُّهُۥ فَجَعَلَهُۥ مِنَ ٱلصَّـٰلِحِينَ

Thus did his Lord choose him and make him of the Company of the Righteous.

Show Lane's original text

The drawing forth property from the places in which it is known, or presumed, or accustomed, to be. (TA.) The collecting in the way of choice, or selection. (Er-Rághib, TA.) See also 1, last sentence but one. Also God's particular, or peculiar, distinguishing of men by abundant bounty, from which various blessings result to them without their labour; as happens to prophets and some others. (Er-Rághib, TA.) Also اجتباهُ , He forged it: and he extemporized it. (TA.) Hence, in the Kur [vii. 202], قَالُوا لَوْلَا ٱجْتَبَيْتَهَا They say, Wherefore hast thou not forged it, (Fr, TA,) or produced it, (Th, TA,) or invented it, (Jel,) or put it together by forgery, (Bd,) of thyself? (Fr, Th, Bd, Jel, TA:) or wherefore hast thou not sought it, or demanded it, of God? (Bd.)

Derived nouns 13

Nounجَبًا6 senses · 3 main

Core sense — collecting water in a trough in advance; water so collected; the brink of a wellgenerated

1the camel-waterer's going ahead of the camels a day before they come to the water—جَبًى

He collects water for them in the drinking-trough, and then brings them to it the next morning. Apparently a maṣdar, of which the verb is not mentioned in this sense.

So in the verse: [Slowly I satisfied their thirst, not hastily: and by going ahead of them a day, and collecting water for them in the trough, and bringing them to it the next morning, I satisfied their thirst; not by pouring the water into the trough while they were drinking, without having prepared any for them beforehand]

shāhid

بِالرَّيْثِ مَا أَرْوَيْتُهَا لَا بِالعَجَلْوَبِالجَبَا أَرْوَيْتُهَا لَا بِالقَبَلْ

Written with ا and with ى.

2water collected in a trough—جُبْوَةٌ

The first of these forms also has this meaning, and this word is with damm. See جِبًا.

2.1

A watering-trough in which water is collected; or the station of the drawer of water, on the upper part of the well's casing.

2.2

The place where a well is dug. In this sense, and in the next, also written جَبًى.

2.3

Abu Leylā: the brink, or margin, of a well.

The earth around a well, which is seen from far off; originally جَبَأٌ, meaning what is around a well, and what is around a watering-trough. Plural أَجْبَآءٌ.

3a gift without compensation—جَبَا

A vulgar word in this sense.

Show Lane's original text

, or جَبًى , (as in different copies of the K,) written with ا and with ى , (TA,) The camel-waterer's going in advance of the camels a day before their coming to the water, and collecting for them water in the drinking-trough, and then bringing them to it (IAar, K, TA) on the morrow. (IAar, TA.) [App. an inf. n., of which, in this sense, the verb is not mentioned.] So in the verse, 1 [Slowly I satisfied their thirst; not hastily: and by going in advance of them a day, and collecting for them water in the trough, and bringing them to it on the morrow, I satisfied their thirst; not by pouring the water into the trough while they were drinking, without having prepared any for them beforehand]. (IAar, TA.) بِالرَّيْثِ مَا أَرْوَيْتُهَا لَا بِالعَجَلْ | وَبِالجَبَا أَرْوَيْتُهَا لَا بِالقَبَلْ Also the former, Water collected [in a trough]; and so جُبْوَةٌ , with damm. (TA. [See جِبًا .]) A wateringtrough (K, TA) in which water is collected: (TA:) or the station of the drawer of water, upon the [upper part of the] casing. (K.) The place where a well is dug: (K:) in this sense, and in the next, also written جَبًى (TA.) The brink, or margin, of a well. (A boo-Leylà, K.) The earth that is around a well, that is seen from afar; (S;) originally جَبَأٌ : (TA:) what is around a well: (K:) and what is around a wateringtrough: (TA:) pl. أَجْبَآءٌ . (K.) جَبَا meaning A gift without compensation is a vulgar word. (TA.)

Nounجِبًا1 sense

Core sense — water collected in a trough for camelsgenerated

Water collected in a trough, drawn from a well, for camels; like جَبًا.

Also جِبْوَةٌ; or جَبْوَةٌ and جُبْوَةٌ as well; and جَبَاوَةٌ and جَبَاوَةٌ; and جِبَآءَةٌ, perhaps a mistranscription for جِبَايَةٌ.

But according to IAmb, جِبًا is the plural of جِبْيَةٌ.

Show Lane's original text

Water collected (T, S, K) in a trough, (T, K,) being drawn from a well, (T, TA,) for camels; (S;) [like جَبًا ;] as also جِبْوَةٌ , (K, TA, and so in a copy of the S, but omitted in the CK,) or جَبْوَةٌ , (so in two copies of the S,) and جُبْوَةٌ also, (so in a copy of the S, [see جَبًا ,]) and جَبَاوَةٌ , (K, TA, and so in a copy of the S,) and جَبَاوَةٌ , (K, TA, and so in another copy of the S, but omitted in the CK,) and جِبَآءَةٌ : (TA as from the K, but not in the CK: [perhaps a mistranscription for جِبَايَةٌ :]) but accord. to IAmb, جِبًا is pl. of جِبْيَةٌ . (TA.)

Nounجَبْوَةٌ1 sense

Core sense — water collected in a trough for camelsgenerated

See جِبًا.

Show Lane's original text

; see جِبًا .

Nounجُبْوَةٌ1 sense

Core sense — water collected in a trough for camelsgenerated

See جَبًا and جِبًا.

Show Lane's original text

: see جَبًا and جِبًا .

Nounجِبْوَةٌ2 senses

Core sense — water collected in a trough; a way of collecting the taxgenerated

See جِبًا.

2figurative · مجاز — inferred

Also a mode, or manner, of collecting the tax called خَرَاج; and so جِبْيَةٌ, which Lh calls a maṣdar.

Show Lane's original text

: see جِبًا . Also A mode, or manner, of collecting the [tax called] خَرَاج ; and so جِبْيَةٌ , which Lh calls an inf. n. (TA.)

Nounجِبْيَةٌ2 senses · 1 main

Core sense — a way of collecting the tax; water collected in a troughgenerated

See the word immediately before this.

1.1

And see جِبًا.

Show Lane's original text

: see what next precedes: and see جِبًا .

Nounجِبَآءَةٌ1 sense

Core sense — the collecting of the taxgenerated

See جِبًا.

Show Lane's original text

: see جِبًا .

Nounجَبَاوَةٌ1 sense

Core sense — the collecting of the taxgenerated

This word and جِبَاوَةٌ: see جِبًا.

Show Lane's original text

and جِبَاوَةٌ : see جِبًا .

Nounجِبَايَةٌ2 senses · 1 main

Core sense — the collecting of a tax; the tax so collectedgenerated

See جِبًا.

1.1figurative · مجاز — inferred

The tax called إِتَاوَة, or خَرَاج. Mentioned under اتو. Originally a maṣdar.

Show Lane's original text

: see جِبًا . The tax called إِتَاوَة [or خَرَاج ]. (TA in art. اتو .) [Originally an inf. n.]

Nounجَبَايَا1 sense

Core sense — wells dug in which shoots of grape-vines are setgenerated

Wells which are dug, and in which the shoots of grape-vines are set. A plural whose singular is not mentioned.

Show Lane's original text

[a pl. of which the sing. is not mentioned] Wells which are dug, and in which the shoots of grape-vines are set. (AHn, K.)

Nounجَابٍ2 senses · 1 main

Core sense — one who collects water for camels; a locust that eats everythinggenerated

A collector of water for camels; belonging to the articles جبو and جبى.

1.1figurative · مجاز — inferred[When the year of drought comes,] the locust and the wolf [come with it]—إِذَا جَآءَتِ السَّنَةُ جَآءَ مَعَهَا الجَابِى وَالجَانِى

The locust that collects everything by eating it; also جَابِىءٌ. The Arabs have the saying:

Show Lane's original text

A collector of water for camels: belonging to arts. جبو and جبى . (TA.) The locust (K) that collects everything by eating it; as also جَابِىءٌ [q. v.]. (TA.) The Arabs say, إِذَا جَآءَتِ السَّنَةُ جَآءَ مَعَهَا الجَابِى وَالجَانِى , i. e. [When the year of drought comes,] the locust and the wolf [come with it]. (IAar, TA.)

Nounجَابِيَةٌ2 senses · 1 main

Core sense — a watering-trough in which water is collected for camelsgenerated

1[And bowls like watering-troughs, or great watering-troughs]—وَجَفَانٍ كَالجَوَابِى

A watering-trough, or large watering-trough, in which water is collected for camels.

Er-Rāghib: a watering-trough that collects water. Plural جَوَابٍ.

Hence, in the Kur 34:12.

1.1figurative · مجاز — inferred

A company of men.

Show Lane's original text

A watering-trough, (S,) or large wateringtrough, (K,) in which water is collected (S) for camels: (TA:) or a watering-trough that collects water: (Er-Rághib, TA:) pl. جَوَابٍ . (S.) Hence, in the Kur [xxxiv. 12], وَجَفَانٍ كَالجَوَابِى [And bowls like watering-troughs, or great wateringtroughs]. (S.) A company of men. (K, * TA.)

Nounلُؤْلُؤَةٌ مُجَبَّاةٌ1 sense

Core sense — a hollowed pearlgenerated

Ibn-Wahb: a hollowed pearl.

El-Khattābee thought the second word formed by transposition from مُجَوّبَةٌ.

Show Lane's original text

A hollowed pearl: (Ibn-Wahb, TA:) the latter word thought by El-Khattábee to be formed by transposition from مُجَوّبَةٌ . (TA.)