جبر

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Form 1جَبَرَ5 senses · 3 main

muḍāriʿـُيَفْعُلُmaṣdarجَبْرٌ جُبُورٌ

Core sense — he set a bone; he restored a poor man to wealth; he compelled himgenerated

1.1he set a bone, reducing it from a fractured state—جِبَارَةٌ

. According to MF, the latter is a maṣdar of the intransitive verb only, but it has been heard as a maṣdar of the transitive verb as well.

[And اجتبر.]

he set a bone—جبّر

Maṣdar تَجْبِيرٌ and اجبر (Ibn-Talhah); but this is very strange, is not found in the well-known lexicons, and was not heard by AO.

he set his arm, reducing it from a fractured state—جبّر يَدَهُ

Said of a bone-setter. One also says جَبَرَهَا; or the meaning is that he put the جَبِيرَة [or splints] on it.

1.1.1figurative · مجاز — inferredhe restored a man from poverty to wealth, or sufficiency—جَبَرَ

but on this latter see above.

he restored a man from poverty to sufficiency—جِبَارَةٌ

he restored a man from poverty to sufficiency—جبّر

Maṣdar تَجْبِيرٌ and اجبر (Ibn-Talhah); but on this form see above.

he restored a man from poverty to sufficiency—اجتبر

Or the meaning is: he benefited a poor man, conferring a benefit, or benefits, on him; but the first explanation is the more appropriate.

IDrst: this meaning is figurative — the poor man is likened to one with a broken bone, and his restoration to wealth or sufficiency to the setting of the bone, which is why he is called فَقِيرٌ, as though the vertebrae of his back were broken.

In the A it is given as proper, not figurative; but the author of the A afterwards gives جَبَرْتُ فُلَانًا as figurative in the sense of نَعَشْتُهُ [I recovered such a one from his embarrassment, etc.; repaired his broken fortune, or his condition].

I restored the man to wealth, or sufficiency—جَبَرْتُ فَاقَةَ الرَّجُلِ

I gave to the orphan—جَبَرْتُ اليَتِيمَ

he restored anything to a sound, right, or good, state—جَبَرَ

may God render him sound and strong—جَبَرَهُ ٱللّٰهُ

A Heyth: [I repaired the broken fortune of the man.]

So according to IDrst.

Said in relation to a child; mentioned in art. زرع.

I made the amount of the property equal to that on which the poor-rate becomes due, by adding something—جَبَرْتُ نِصَابَ الزَّكَاةِ بِكَذَا

The name of the thing added is جبران [apparently جُبْرَانٌ], and the person who does this is called جَابِرٌ.

1.2he compelled, or constrained, another—جَبَرَ

he compelled him, against his will, to do the thing—جَبَرَهُ عَلَى الأَمْرِ

he compelled him, against his will, to do the thing—اجبرهُ

A good form of the verb, of the dialect of El-Hijáz, or of the Benoo-Temeem and of many of the people of El-Hijáz, or of Temeem alone; [but said in the Mgh to be of weak authority.]

Both forms of the verb are mentioned by AZ, Fr, A 'Obeyd and others, but this latter is the form used by most of the Arabs and by the grammarians.

إِجْبَارٌ originally means inciting, urging, or inducing another to restore a thing to a sound, right, or good, state.

he compelled him to submit to, or to carry out, the sentence—اجبرهُ عَلَى الحُكْمِ

Said of a judge.

1.3it became set, or reduced from a fractured state—جَبَرَ

the latter being, according to MF [and the Mgh], a maṣdar of the transitive verb only, though it has been heard as a maṣdar of the intransitive verb too.

it became set, or reduced from a fractured state—انجبر

it became set, or reduced from a fractured state—اجتبر

it became set, or reduced from a fractured state—تجبّر

on this sense Said of a bone.

1.3.1figurative · مجاز — inferredhe became restored from poverty to wealth, or sufficiency—اجتبر

he became restored from poverty to sufficiency—انجبر

he became restored from poverty to sufficiency—تجبّر

he became restored from poverty to sufficiency—استجبر

And [hence] the first of these verbs, with the same maṣdars, has this meaning also.

Said of a poor man and of an orphan; or the meaning is that he received a benefit, or benefits.

اجتبر means the same as انتعش [he recovered, or became recovered, from his embarrassment, etc.].

[And it (anything) became restored to a sound, right, or good, state.]

El-'Ajjáj has used جَبَرَ transitively and intransitively in one sentence, saying:

shāhid

قَدْ جَبَرَ الدِّينَ الإِلَاهُ فَجَبَرْ

[God has restored the religion to a sound, right, or good, state, and it has become so restored].

on this sense Or, according to some, the second verb only strengthens the first, the meaning being that God has purposed to restore the religion and has completed its restoration.

Show Lane's original text

, (S, Msb, K, &c.,) aor. جَبُرَ , (Msb,) inf. n. جَبْرٌ (S, A, Msb, K, &c.) and جُبُورٌ , (M, K,) which latter, accord. to MF, is an inf. n. of the intrans. verb only, but it has been heard as an inf. n. of the trans. verb also, (TA,) and جِبَارَةٌ , (Lh, K,) He set a bone; reduced it from a fractured state; (S, A, Msb, K, &c.;) as also جبّر , (A, IAmb, K,) inf. n. تَجْبِيرٌ ; (TA;) and اجبر , (Ibn-Talhah, MF, TA,) but this is extremely strange, and not found in the lexicons of celebrity, (MF,) and not heard by AO; (TA;) [and اجتبر .] One says also, جبّر يَدَهُ , (A, IAmb,) or جَبَرَهَا , (Msb,) He (a bone-setter) set his arm, or reduced it from a fractured state: (A:) or put upon it the جَبِيرَة [or splints]. (Msb.) Hence, (TA,) جَبَرَ , (AAF, M, K, &c.,) inf. n. جَبْرٌ (S, A, K) and جُبُورٌ [but respecting this latter see above] and جِبَارَةٌ ; (K;) and جبّر , (K,) inf. n. تَجْبِيرٌ ; (TA;) and اجبر ; (Ibn- Talhah, MF, TA; [but respecting this form see above;]) and اجتبر ; (K;) He restored a man from a state of poverty to wealth, or competence, or sufficiency: (AAF, S, A, K, &c.:) or he benefited a poor man; conferred a benefit, or benefits, upon him: (M, K:) but the former is the more appropriate explanation: (AAF, TA:) and this signification is tropical; (IDrst, MF, TA;) the poor man being likened to one who has a broken bone, and his restoration to wealth, or competence, being likened to the setting of the bone; wherefore he is called فَقِيرٌ , as though the vertebræ of his back were broken: (IDrst, TA:) in the A it is mentioned as proper, not tropical; but the author of the A afterwards mentions جَبَرْتُ فُلَانًا as tropical in the sense of نَعَشْتُهُ [I recovered such a one from his embarrassment, &c.; repaired his broken fortune, or his condition]. (TA.) One says also, جَبَرْتُ فَاقَةَ الرَّجُلِ [I repaired the broken fortune of the man;] I restored the man to wealth, or competence, or sufficiency. (A Heyth, TA.) And جَبَرْتُ اليَتِيمَ [I put the affairs of the orphan into a right, or good, state: or] I gave to the orphan. (Msb.) And جَبَرَ He restored anything to a sound, right, or good, state. (IDrst, TA.) And جَبَرَهُ ٱللّٰهُ [May God render him sound, and strong]: said in relation to a child. (S and K in art. زرع .) And جَبَرْتُ نِصَابَ الزَّكَاةِ بِكَذَا I made the amount of the property equal to that which renders it incumbent on the possessor to pay the poor-rate, by [adding] such a thing: the name of that thing is جبران [app. جُبْرَانٌ ]: and the person who does this is termed جَابِرٌ . (Msb.) جَبَرَ also signifies He compelled, or constrained, another. (B.) You say, جَبَرَهُ عَلَى الأَمْرِ , (Lh, Az, Msb, K,) aor. جَبُرَ , inf. n. جَبْرٌ and جُبُورٌ , (Msb,) a chaste form of the verb, of the dial. of El- Hijáz, (Az, TA,) or of the Benoo-Temeem and of many of the people of El-Hijáz, (Msb,) or of Temeem alone; (Lh, TA;) [but said in the Mgh to be of weak authority;] and اجبرهُ ; (Th, S, Msb, K, &c.;) both these forms of the verb mentioned by AZ, Fr, A 'Obeyd, and others, (Msb,) but the latter is the form used by the generality of the Arabs, (Lh, TA,) and by the grammarians [in general]; (TA;) He compelled him, against his will, to do the thing: (Lh, Th, Az, S, Msb, K:) إِجْبَارٌ originally signifying the inciting, urging, or inducing, another to restore a thing to a sound, right, or good, state. (B.) And اجبرهُ عَلَى الحُكْمِ He (a judge) compelled him to submit to, or to perform, the sentence. (L.) Also جَبَرَ , [aor. جَبُرَ ,] inf. n. جُبُورٌ (S, Msb, K) and جَبْرٌ , (Msb, K,) which latter, accord. to MF [and the Mgh], is an inf. n. of the trans. verb only, but it has been heard as an inf. n. of the intrans. verb also; (TA;) and انجبر , (T, S, K,) and اجتبر , (T, S,) and تجبّر ; (K;) It (a bone) became set, or reduced from a fractured state. (T, S, Msb, K.) And [hence,] the first of these verbs, with the same inf. ns.; (K;) and اجتبر , (S, * K,) and انجبر , and تجبّر , and استجبر ; (K;) He (a poor man, K, and an orphan, TA) became restored from a state of poverty to wealth, or competence, or sufficiency: (S, * K:) or received a benefit, or benefits: (K:) اجتبر is syn. with انتعش [he recovered, or became recovered, from his embarrassment, &c.]. (A.) [And It (anything) became restored to a sound, right, or good, state.] El-' Ajjáj has used جَبَرَ transitively and intransitively in the same sentence, saying, 1 [ God hath restored the religion to a sound, right, or good, state, and it hath become restored thereto]: (S:) or, accord. to some, the second verb is corroborative of the first; the meaning being, God hath desired, or purposed, to restore the religion, &c., and hath completed its restoration. (B.) قَدْ جَبَرَ الدِّينَ الإِلَاهُ فَجَبَرْ

Form 2جَبَّرَ1 sense

Core sense — he set a bone; he restored a poor man to sufficiencygenerated

2.1

See 1, in three places.

Show Lane's original text

see 1, in three places.

Form 4أَجْبَرَ2 senses

Core sense — he compelled him to do a thing; he set a bonegenerated

4.1

See 1, in five places.

4.2he imputed the doctrine of compulsion to him—اجبرهُ

That is, he imputed to him [the tenet of] الجَبْر, and called him a جَبَرِىّ, just as اكفرهُ means "he imputed unbelief to him".

Show Lane's original text

see 1, in five places. اجبرهُ also signifies He imputed to him [the tenet of] الجَبْر ; (S, * L, K; *) he called him a جَبَرِىّ : (L:) like as اكفرهُ signifies “ he imputed to him infidelity. ” (S.)

Form 5تجبّر3 senses · 2 main

Core sense — he magnified himself, behaved proudly; it became green again; he obtained wealthgenerated

5.1figurative · مجاز — inferred

See 1, latter part, in two places.

Said of a man: what had gone from him returned to him; or some of his property that had gone from him returned to him.

Said of a sick man: he became in a good state.

Said of a plant and of a tree: it became green, and put forth leaves and fresh green twigs when dry; it produced fresh shoots in its dry parts.

Said of herbage: it became somewhat restored to a good state after being eaten; or it grew after being eaten.

5.1.1

He magnified himself; he behaved proudly, haughtily, or insolently. Said of a man.

5.2figurative · مجاز — inferred

He obtained wealth, or property. Said of a man.

But Lh explains it as intransitive: he obtained wealth, or property.

Show Lane's original text

: see 1, latter part, in two places. Also What had gone from him (a man) returned to him: (K:) or some of his property that had gone from him returned to him. (T, TA.) He (a sick man) became in a good state. (K.) It (a plant, TA, and a tree, K) became green, and put forth leaves (K, TA) and fresh green twigs, when dry: produced fresh shoots in its dry parts: (TA:) it (herbage) became somewhat restored to a good state after having been eaten: (K, * TA:) or grew after having been eaten. (S.) He (a man, S) magnified himself; behaved proudly, haughtily, or insolently. (S, A, K.) He (a man) obtained wealth, or property: (K:) but Lh explains it as meaning, intransitively, he obtained wealth, or property. (TA.)

Form 7إِنْجَبَرَ1 sense

Core sense — it became set, or reduced from a fractured stategenerated

7.1

See 1, latter part, in two places.

Show Lane's original text

see 1, latter part, in two places.

Form 8إِجْتَبَرَ1 sense

Core sense — he became restored from poverty to sufficiency; a bone became setgenerated

8.1figurative · مجاز — inferreda calamity befell him from which he will not recover—أَصَابَتْهُ مُصِيبَةٌ لَا يَجْتَبِرُهَا

See 1, in five places.

That is, لَا مَجْبَرَ مِنْهَا [there is no recovering from it].

Show Lane's original text

see 1, in five places. You say also, أَصَابَتْهُ مُصِيبَةٌ لَا يَجْتَبِرُهَا [ A calamity befell him from which he will not recover]; i. e. لَا مَجْبَرَ مِنْهَا [ there is no recovering from it]. (TA.)

Form 10إِسْتَجْبَرَ2 senses

Core sense — he took great care of him, setting his affairs rightgenerated

10.1

See 1, latter part.

10.2figurative · مجازhe exerted himself to the utmost in paying frequent attention to him—استجبرهُ

Or in taking care of him, or putting his affairs into a right, or proper, state.

Show Lane's original text

see 1, latter part. استجبرهُ He exerted himself much, or exceedingly, or to the utmost, in paying frequent attention to him, taking care of him, or putting his affairs into a right, or proper, state. (A.)

Derived nouns 32

Nounجَبْرٌ4 senses

Core sense — repair, restoration; the doctrine that God compels men; a king, or a slavegenerated

1figurative · مجاز — inferredalgebra—الجَبْرُ

perfective addition and compensative subtraction; restoration and compensation—الجَبْرُ وَالمُقَابَلَةُ

This is the more common name, given because these operations occur so often in reducing equations.

on this sense In computation: the addition of something by way of repair.

The opposite of قَدَرٌ: the assertion that God compels his servants, or mankind, to commit acts of disobedience; the virtual denial that actions proceed from man, and the attributing of them to God.

Those who hold the tenet so termed assert that man, with respect to his actions, is like a feather suspended in the air.

قَدَرٌ, on the other hand, means the virtual attributing of optional, or voluntary, actions to man, and the assertion that man creates his own voluntary actions. (IbrD)

A 'Obeyd says that it is a post-classical term.

A king; of uncertain derivation. Also a slave, or servant, so that the word carries two opposite meanings. (A 'Obeyd)

Also a man (AA, A 'Obeyd); [see جَبْرَئِيلُ.] Also a young man; and a courageous man.

[Also, apparently, aloes-wood: الجَبْرُ is explained in the K as العُودُ, which means wood in general as well as aloes-wood in particular; and to this is added الذى يُجْبَرُ بِهِ, as though the meaning were the wood with which one sets bones; but I think that يُجْبَرُ is a mistranscription for يُجَمَّرُ, and that the meaning is aloes-wood with which one fumigates.]

Show Lane's original text

, in computation, The addition of something for the purpose of reparation. (TA.) [Hence, الجَبْرُ Algebra; more commonly called الجَبْرُ وَالمُقَابَلَةُ perfective addition and compensative subtraction; or restoration and compensation; because of the frequency of these operations in the reduction of equations.] The contr. of قَدَرٌ : (S, Msb, K:) it is the assertion that God compels his servants, or mankind, to commit acts of disobedience; (Msb;) the virtual denial that actions proceed from man, and attributing them to God; the sect that hold the tenet thus termed asserting that man, with respect to his actions, is like the feather suspended in the air; whereas قَدَرٌ signifies the “ virtual attributing of optional, or voluntary, actions to man; asserting that man creates his own optional, or voluntary, actions: ” (IbrD:) A 'Obeyd says that it is a post-classical term. (S.) A king; (AA, T, M, K;) of uncertain derivation: (M:) and a slave, or servant: (A 'Obeyd, Kr, K, &c.:) thus bearing two contr. significations: (K:) and a man: (AA, A 'Obeyd, K, &c.:) [see جَبْرَئِيلُ :] and a young man: and [a] courageous [man]. (K.) [Also, app., Aloes-wood: الجَبْرُ is explained in the K as signifying العُودُ , which means wood in general, as well as aloes-wood in particular; and to this is added in the TA, الذى يُجْبَرُ بِهِ , as though the meaning were the wood with which one sets bones; but I think that يُجْبَرُ is a mistranscription for يُجَمَّرُ ; and that the meaning is aloes-wood with which one fumigates.]

Nounجَبَرِىٌّ1 sense

Core sense — one who holds that God compels men to actgenerated

Or جَبْرِىٌّ: see جَبَرِيَّةٌ.

Show Lane's original text

or جَبْرِىٌّ : see جَبَرِيَّةٌ .

Nounجَبَرُوَّةٌ1 sense

Core sense — self-magnification, pride, haughtinessgenerated

And جَبْرُوَّةٌ and جَبَرُوتٌ and the like: see what follows.

Show Lane's original text

and جَبْرُوَّةٌ and جَبَرُوتٌ &c.: see what next follows.

Nounجَبَرِيَّةٌ2 senses

Core sense — self-magnification, pride, haughtiness; the sect holding that God compels mengenerated

1there has been no prophetic office but a kingly office has taken its place through someone's pride—مَا كَانَتْ نُبُوَّةٌ إِلَّا تَنَاسَخَهَا مُلْكٌ جَبَرِيَّةً

And جَبْرِيَّةٌ, جِبْرِيَّةٌ, جِبِرِيَّةٌ, جِبْرِيَآءُ, جَبَرِيَّآءُ (Aboo-Nasr), جَبَرُوَّةٌ and جَبْرُوَّةٌ.

And جَبَرُوتٌ, one of the best-known forms, of the measure فَعَلُوتٌ, like مَلَكُوتٌ, رَهَبُوتٌ, رَغَبُوتٌ and رَحَمُوتٌ, which are said to be the only other words of this measure, though, as MF says, this needs consideration.

And جُبْرُوتٌ and جَبْرَؤُوتٌ (Et-Tedmuree), and جَبَرُوتَى, like رَحَمُوتَى [and others], and جَبُّورَةٌ, جَبُّورٌ, جُبُّورٌ, جُبُورَةٌ and تَجْبَارٌ.

All are maṣdars, or simple substantives, meaning the quality denoted by the adjective جَبَّارٌ: self-magnification, pride, haughtiness, or insolence; proud, haughty, or insolent behaviour.

That is, kings have magnified themselves, or behaved proudly, haughtily, or insolently, after it.

2the sect who assert that God compels his servants to commit sins—الجَبَرِيَّةُ

Also الجَبْرِيَّةُ; or this latter is a mispronunciation, or else it is the correct form and the former is pronounced so as to match القَدَرِيَّةُ.

The latter was the pronunciation of the scholastic theologians of the school of Esh-Sháfi'ee (El-Háfidh in the "Tabseer") in old times, but the term used in the conventional language of the modern scholastic theologians is المُجْبَرَةُ; and الجبريّة also is a post-classical term.

The opposite of القَدَرِيَّةُ: the sect who hold the tenet termed جَبْرٌ [q. v.].

A sect of those who follow their own natural desires, whose founder was El-Hoseyn Ibn-Mohammad En-Nejjár El-Basree, who assert that man has no power, and that [what are termed] voluntary motions are of the same category as a tremour; though this does not oblige them to deny the imposition of duties. (Lb)

Ism waḥda جَبَرِىٌّ or جَبْرِىٌّ.

Show Lane's original text

(S, K) and جَبْرِيَّةٌ and جِبْرِيَّةٌ and جِبِرِيَّةٌ and جِبْرِيَآءُ (K) and جَبَرِيَّآءُ (Aboo-Nasr, TA) and جَبَرُوَّةٌ (S, K) and جَبْرُوَّةٌ (K) and جَبَرُوتٌ (S, Msb, K, one of the forms most known, of the measure فَعَلُوتٌ , like مَلَكُوتٌ and رَهَبُوتٌ and رَغَبُوتٌ and رَحَمُوتٌ , said to be the only other words of this measure, though, as MF says, this requires consideration, TA) and جُبْرُوتٌ (K) and جَبْرَؤُوتٌ (Et-Tedmuree, TA) and جَبَرُوتَى (K, like رَحَمُوتَى , [&c.], TA) and جَبُّورَةٌ (S, K) and جَبُّورٌ (Lh, Kr) and جُبُّورٌ (Lh, TA) and جُبُورَةٌ and تَجْبَارٌ , (K,) all inf. ns., (TA,) [or simple substs.,] meaning The quality denoted by the epithet جَبَّارٌ ; (K;) i. e. self-magnification, pride, haughtiness, or insolence; or proud, haughty, or insolent, behaviour; (S, Msb, K;) &c. (K, TA.) Hence, مَا كَانَتْ نُبُوَّةٌ إِلَّا تَنَاسَخَهَا مُلْكٌ جَبَرِيَّةً [There has been no prophetic office but a kingly office has succeeded in its place through some one's selfmagnification, pride, haughtiness, or insolence]; i. e., but kings have magnified themselves, or behaved proudly or haughtily or insolently, after it. (A, TA.) الجَبَرِيَّةُ (S, K) and الجَبْرِيَّةُ , (Th, Msb,) or the latter is a mispronunciation, or is the correct form, (K,) and the former is so pronounced in order to assimilate it to القَدَرِيَّةُ ; (Msb, K; *) the latter is the pronunciation of the scholastic theologians of the persuasion of EshSháfi'ee (El-Háfidh in the “ Tabseer, ” B) in old times, but the term used in the conventional language of the modern scholastic theologians is المُجْبَرَةُ ; (B;) and الجبريّة , also, is a postclassical term; (TA;) The contr. of القَدَرِيَّةُ ; (S, K;) the sect who hold the tenet termed جَبْرٌ [q. v.]; (Msb;) a sect of those who follow their own natural desires, whose founder was El- Hoseyn Ibn-Mohammad En-Nejjár El-Basree, who assert that man has no power; that [what are termed] voluntary motions are of the same predicament as a tremour; though this does not oblige them to deny the imposition of duties; (Lb, TA;) a sect who assert that God compels his servants, or mankind, to commit sins: (AHeyth, TA:) n. un. جَبَرِىٌّ or جَبْرِىٌّ . (Msb.)

Nounجَبْرَالُ1 sense

Core sense — Gabriel, the name of an angelgenerated

And جِبْرَالُ: see جَبْرَئِيلُ.

Show Lane's original text

and جِبْرَالُ : see جَبْرَئِيلُ .

Nounجُبْرَانٌ1 sense

Core sense — the setting of a bone; restoration from poverty to sufficiencygenerated

See 1.

Show Lane's original text

: see 1.

Nounجِبْرِيلُ1 sense

Core sense — Gabriel, the name of an angelgenerated

And جَبْرِيلُ and the like: see جَبْرَئِيلُ.

Show Lane's original text

and جَبْرِيلُ &c: see جَبْرَئِيلُ .

Nounجِبْرِينُ1 sense

Core sense — Gabriel, the name of an angelgenerated

And جَبْرِينُ: see جَبْرَئِيلُ.

Show Lane's original text

and جَبْرِينُ : see جَبْرَئِيلُ .

Nounجِبْرِيَآءُ1 sense

Core sense — self-magnification, pride, haughtinessgenerated

And جَبَرِيَّآءُ: see جَبَرِيَّةٌ.

Show Lane's original text

and جَبَرِيَّآءُ : see جَبَرِيَّةٌ .

Nounجَبْرَئِيلُ1 sense

Core sense — Gabriel, a proper name of an angel; the servant of Godgenerated

Imperfectly declinable, because it has the quality of a proper name and that of a foreign word, or because it is a compound treated as forming a single word, as some say, originally Syriac or Hebrew. (Esh-Shiháb El-Khafájee)

A proper name of an angel; Gabriel; and also of a man. A 'Obeyd: it means the servant of God; or rather, the man of God.

It is said to be composed of جَبْرٌ, meaning "servant" or "slave", or rather "man", and إِيلٌ, meaning "God"; or the two together mean the servant of the Compassionate, or the servant of the Mighty, or Glorious.

This form of the word belongs to the dialects of Keys and Temeem.

There are other dialectal variants: جَبْرَيِيلُ, without ء, and جَبْرَائِيلُ, جَبْرَايِيلُ, جَبْرَئِلُ, جَبْرَائِيلُ, جَبْرَايِيلُ (Es-Suyootee), and جَبْرَائِلُ and جَبْرَايِلُ (Es-Suyootee).

And جِبْرِيلُ, which is the best-known and most chaste form, and is of the dialect of El-Hijáz.

And جَبْرِيلُ, reckoned of weak authority by Fr, because the measure فَعِّيل [or فَعْلِيل] does not exist in the language; as for سَمْوِيل, cited by Esh-Shiháb against Fr's objection, it is of the measure فَعْوِيل.

And جَبْرَيْلُ, جَبْرَالُ, جِبْرَالُ, جِبْرِينُ, جَبْرِينُ and جَبْرَائِينُ. (Es-Suyootee)

Show Lane's original text

, (S, Msb, K, &c.,) imperfectly decl., because having the quality of a proper name and that of a foreign word, or being a compound regarded as forming a single word, as some say, (TA,) originally Syriac, or Hebrew, [?,] (Esh-Shiháb [El-Khafájee],) A proper name of an angel; (TA;) [Gabriel: and also, of a man:] signifying the servant of God: (A 'Obeyd, S, Msb, K, TA:) or (rather, TA) the man of God: (A 'Obeyd, TA:) being said to be composed of جَبْرٌ , (S, Msb, TA,) signifying “ servant, ” or “ slave, ” (Msb, TA,) or rather “ man, ” (TA,) and إِيلٌ , (S, Msb, TA,) signifying “ God: ” (Msb, TA:) or both together signify the servant of the Compassionate: or the servant of the Mighty, or Glorious: (TA:) this form of the word is of the dialects of Keys and Temeem: (TA:) and there are other dial. vars.; namely, جَبْرَيِيلُ , without ء , and جَبْرَائِيلُ , (S, K,) and جَبْرَايِيلُ , and جَبْرَئِلُ , and جَبْرَائِيلُ , (K,) and جَبْرَايِيلُ , (Es-Suyootee, TA,) and جَبْرَائِلُ , (K,) and جَبْرَايِلُ , (Es-Suyootee, TA,) and جِبْرِيلُ , (S, Msb, K, which is the form most known and most chaste, and is of the dial. of El-Hijáz, TA,) and جَبْرِيلُ , (Msb, K, reckoned of weak authority by Fr, because the measure فَعِّيل [or فَعْلِيل ] does not exist in the language, for as to سَمْوِيل , mentioned by Esh-Shiháb as against the objection of Fr, it is of the measure فَعْوِيل , MF, TA,) and جَبْرَيْلُ , and جَبْرَالُ , and جِبْرَالُ , (K,) and جِبْرِينُ , and جَبْرِينُ , (S, K,) and جَبْرَائِينُ . (Es-Suyootee, MF.)

Nounجَبْرَيِيلُ1 sense

Core sense — Gabriel, the name of an angelgenerated

See جَبْرَئِيلُ.

Show Lane's original text

: see جَبْرَئِيلُ .

Nounجَبْرَائِلُ1 sense

Core sense — Gabriel, the name of an angelgenerated

And جَبْرَايِلُ: see جَبْرَئِيلُ.

Show Lane's original text

and جَبْرَايِلُ : see جَبْرَئِيلُ .

Nounجَبْرَائِيلُ1 sense

Core sense — Gabriel, the name of an angelgenerated

And جَبْرَايِيلُ: see جَبْرَئِيلُ.

Show Lane's original text

and جَبْرَايِيلُ : see جَبْرَئِيلُ .

Nounجَبْرَائِينَ1 sense

Core sense — Gabriel, the name of an angelgenerated

See جَبْرَئِيلُ.

Show Lane's original text

: see جَبْرَئِيلُ .

Nounجُبَارٌ5 senses · 3 main

Core sense — a thing for which no retaliation or fine is exacted; a torrentgenerated

1his blood went unrevenged, unretaliated, and unexpiated by a fine—ذَهَبَ دَمَهُ جُبَارًا

a wound for which there is no retaliation and no expiatory fine—جُرْحٌ جُبَارٌ

a war in which there is no retaliation and no expiatory fine—حَرْبٌ جُبَارٌ

the mine is a thing for which no fine is exacted—المَعْدِنُ جُبَارٌ

the well is a thing for which no fine is exacted—البِئْرُ جُبَارٌ

A thing of which no account is taken, or for which no revenge, retaliation, or fine is exacted.

That is, if the mine falls in upon the man working in it and he dies, the one who hired him is not to be punished for it.

That is, if a man falls into an ancient well and dies, his blood is not to be expiated by a fine; or, as some say, it relates to a hired man going down into a well to clean it, or to take something out of it, if he falls in and dies.

the wound of a speechless beast, for which no retaliation or expiatory fine is exacted—جُرحُ العَجُمَآءِ جُبَارٌ

This applies if the beast gets loose and wounds a man or something else while loose.

1.1I am clear, or quit, of it—أَنَا مِنْهُ خَلَاوَةٌ وُجُبَارٌ

Clear, or quit, of a thing.

[See also فَالِجٌ.]

A torrent.

2.1

Anything that corrupts, or mars, and destroys, such as a torrent; or anything that is corrupted, or marred, and destroyed.

Tuesday; an old name for it, used in the Time of Ignorance; also جِبَارٌ.

Show Lane's original text

A thing of which no account, or for which no revenge or retaliation or mulct, is taken. (S, A, Msb, K, TA.) You say, ذَهَبَ دَمَهُ جُبَارًا His blood went unrevenged, unretaliated, or unexpiated by a mulct. (S, A.) And جُرْحٌ جُبَارٌ A wound for which is no retaliation, nor any expiatory mulct. (A, TA.) And حَرْبٌ جُبَارٌ A war in which is no retaliation, (K, TA,) nor any expiatory mulct. (TA.) And المَعْدِنُ جُبَارٌ [The mine is a thing for which no mulct is exacted]: i. e., if the mine fall in upon him who is working in it, and he perish, his hirer is not to be punished for it. (S and Msb from a trad.) And البِئْرُ جُبَارٌ [The well is a thing for which no mulct is exacted]: i. e., if a man fall into an ancient well, and perish, his blood is not to be expiated by a mulct: (TA:) or, as some say, it relates to a hired man's descending into a well to cleanse it, or to take forth something from it, if he fall into it and die. (TA in art. بأر .) And جُرحُ العَجُمَآءِ جُبَارٌ The wound of the speechless beast, if it get loose and wound a man or other thing while loose, is a thing for which no retaliation or expiatory mulct is exacted. (T, A, * Msb. *) Clear, or quit, of a thing: so in the saying, أَنَا مِنْهُ خَلَاوَةٌ وُجُبَارٌ [I am clear, or quit, of it]. (K. [See also فَالِجٌ .]) A torrent. (K.) Anything that corrupts, or mars, and destroys; (so accord. to some copies of the K, and the TA;) as the torrent, &c.: (TA:) or anything that is corrupted, or marred, and destroyed. (So accord. to other copies of the K.) Tuesday; (S, K;) an ancient name thereof, (S,) used in the Time of Ignorance; (TA;) as also جِبَارٌ . (K.)

Nounجِبَارٌ1 sense

Core sense — a thing for which no retaliation or fine is exactedgenerated

See what precedes.

Show Lane's original text

: see what next precedes.

Nounجِبَارَةٌ2 senses · 1 main

Core sense — splints, pieces of wood with which broken bones are set; a wide braceletgenerated

1splints, pieces of wood with which bones are set—جَبِيرَةٌ

Or bones which are put upon a diseased part of the body to restore it to a sound state.

Plural جَبَائِرُ.

1.1

Both words also mean a wide bracelet, the same as يَارَقٌ; a bracelet of gold or silver. Plural جَبَائِرَةٌ [or جَبَائِرُ, as above?]. (A 'Obeyd)

Show Lane's original text

and جَبِيرَةٌ Splints; pieces of wood with which bones are set, or reduced from a fractured state: (S, K:) or bones which are put upon a diseased part of the person, to reduce it to a sound state: pl. جَبَائِرُ . (Msb.) Also, both words, A wide bracelet; syn. يَارَقٌ : (S, K:) a bracelet ( سِوَار ) of gold or silver: pl. جَبَائِرَةٌ [or جَبَائِرُ , as above?]. (A 'Obeyd, TA.)

Nounجُبُورَةٌ1 sense

Core sense — self-magnification, pride, haughtinessgenerated

See جَبَرِيَّةٌ.

Show Lane's original text

: see جَبَرِيَّةٌ .

Nounجَبِيرَةٌ1 sense

Core sense — splints, pieces of wood with which broken bones are setgenerated

See جِبَارَةٌ.

Show Lane's original text

: see جِبَارَةٌ .

Nounجَبَّارٌ8 senses · 1 main

Core sense — one who magnifies himself, tyrannical; a name of God; tall, said of a palm-treegenerated

One who magnifies himself, or behaves proudly, haughtily, or insolently, and does not hold anyone to have any claim upon him, or to deserve anything of him.

One who slays when in anger; one who slays unjustly; imperious, or domineering, by sheer force and power; overbearing; tyrannical; a tyrant.

Anyone who exalts himself, or is insolent and audacious, in pride and in acts of rebellion or disobedience; who is bold and goes beyond all bounds; or who is excessively proud, or corrupt, or unbelieving, or disobedient, or rebellious; or who exalts himself and goes beyond bounds in unbelief; or who is extravagant in acts of disobedience and in wrongdoing; or who is refractory, or averse from obedience.

Also جِبِّيرٌ; or this latter means one who magnifies himself much, or behaves very proudly, haughtily, or insolently, while the former means one who proudly, haughtily, or insolently disdains the service of God.

Feminine with ة; masculine plural جَبَّارُونَ and جَبَابِرَةٌ.

1.1figurative · مجاز — inferreda name of God—الجَبَّارٌ

So called because He magnifies Himself [above every other being], and because of His highness; meaning the One who compels His creatures to do whatever He wills, or who compels them to obey the commands and prohibitions He pleases to impose upon them.

According to Fr, from أَجْبَرَ; and the only adjective of the measure فَعَّالٌ from a verb of the measure أَفْعَلَ known to him is دَرَّاكٌ [q. v.] from أَدْرَكَ. Or, according to Fr, from جَبَرَ, as meaning the same as أَجْبَرَ.

It is also explained as meaning the Supreme, the High above His creatures; or the Unattainable — and hence the word is applied to the palm-tree [whose branches cannot be reached by the hand]; or it may mean the Restorer of the poor to wealth, or sufficiency.

[God is also called] جَبَّارُ القُلُوبِ عَلَى فِطَرَاتِهَا, the Establisher of hearts according to the natural constitutions He has given them in the mothers' wombs, disposing them to know Him and to confess Him, both the unfortunate and the fortunate among them. (From a tradition of 'Alee.)

Lane cites “Jel in lix. 23” — a commentary, not the verse; no modern number is given

1.2figurative · مجاز

Also a name of الجَوْزَآءُ [the constellation Orion], because it is pictured in the form of a crowned king upon a throne.

1.3figurative · مجاز — inferredthe cubit of the king; or the long cubit—ذِرَاعُ الجَبَّارِ

Or, as Kt thinks, by الجبّار is meant here a certain foreign king whose fore arm was of full length.

1.4figurative · مجازa heart that receives no admonition—قَلْبٌ جَبَّارٌ

Or that admits no compassion.

1.5figurative · مجازtall and young, said of a palm-tree—جَبَّارٌ

Without ة, applied to a palm-tree. (Seer)

Also جُبَّارٌ; or the word is applied to palm-trees collectively, meaning tall and above the reach of the hand, while the adjective applied to a single palm-tree is with ة in this sense, meaning less than سَحُوقٌ.

Or, with ة, it means a young palm-tree that has reached its full height and has borne fruit; or one that has been climbed [for the purpose of cutting off its fruit] and keeps its excellence, surpassing other palm-trees in it.

1.6figurative · مجاز

Also, hence, as Az thinks, huge, tall and strong; a giant.

1.7figurative · مجاز

And, with ة and also without ة, applied to a she-camel: great and fat.

Qur’ānic occurrences جَبَّار 5 shown of 10

11:59

وَتِلْكَ عَادٌ ۖ جَحَدُوا۟ بِـَٔايَـٰتِ رَبِّهِمْ وَعَصَوْا۟ رُسُلَهُۥ وَٱتَّبَعُوٓا۟ أَمْرَ كُلِّ جَبَّارٍ عَنِيدٍ

Such were the 'Ad People: they rejected the Signs of their Lord and Cherisher; disobeyed His messengers; And followed the command of every powerful, obstinate transgressor.

14:15

وَٱسْتَفْتَحُوا۟ وَخَابَ كُلُّ جَبَّارٍ عَنِيدٍ

But they sought victory and decision (there and then), and frustration was the lot of every powerful obstinate transgressor.

19:14

وَبَرًّۢا بِوَٰلِدَيْهِ وَلَمْ يَكُن جَبَّارًا عَصِيًّا

And kind to his parents, and he was not overbearing or rebellious.

19:32

وَبَرًّۢا بِوَٰلِدَتِى وَلَمْ يَجْعَلْنِى جَبَّارًا شَقِيًّا

"(He) hath made me kind to my mother, and not overbearing or miserable;

26:130

وَإِذَا بَطَشْتُم بَطَشْتُمْ جَبَّارِينَ

"And when ye exert your strong hand, do ye do it like men of absolute power?

Occurrences of this form in the Qur’ān, not Lane’s choice of verse. They show the word in use; they do not say which sense above applies. Where more occur than are shown, the shortest āyāt are chosen.

Show Lane's original text

One who magnifies himself, or behaves proudly or haughtily or insolently, and does not hold any one to have any claim upon him, or to deserve anything of him: (K:) one who slays when in anger: (S, A:) one who slays unjustly: (K:) imperious, or domineering, by absolute force and power; overbearing; tyrannical; a tyrant: (TA:) any one who exalts himself, or is insolent and audacious, in pride and in acts of rebellion or disobedience; who is bold, or audacious, and immoderate, inordinate, or exorbitant; or excessively, immoderately, or inordinately, proud, or corrupt, or unbelieving, or disobedient, or rebel-lious; or who exalts himself and is inordinate in infidelity; or who is extravagant in acts of disobedience and in wrongdoing; or who is refractory, or averse from obedience; (K, * TA;) as also جِبِّيرٌ : (K:) or this latter signifies one who magnifies himself much, or behaves very proudly or haughtily or insolently: (S:) and the former, one who proudly, haughtily, or insolently, disdains the service of God: (Lh, TA:) fem. with ة : pl. masc. جَبَّارُونَ and جَبَابِرَةٌ . (A, TA.) الجَبَّارٌ [A name of] God; so called because of his magnifying Himself [above every other being], (K,) and his highness: (TA:) meaning the Compeller of his creatures to do whatsoever He willeth: (Bd and Jel in lix. 23:) or the Compeller of his creatures to obey the commands and prohibitions which He pleaseth to impose upon them: (Msb, TA:) accord. to Fr, from أَجْبَرَ , and the only instance known to him of an epithet of the measure فَعَّالٌ from a verb of the measure أَفْعَلَ except دَرَّاكٌ [q. v.] from أَدْرَكَ : (Az, TA:) or, accord. to Fr, from جَبَرَ as syn. with أَجْبَرَ : (Msb:) it is also explained as meaning the Supreme; the High above his creatures: (Az, TA:) or the Unattainable; and hence applied to the palm-tree [of which the branches cannot be reached by the hand]: (IAmb, TA:) or it may signify the Restorer of the poor to wealth or competence or sufficiency. (Az, TA.) [God is also called] جَبَّارُ القُلُوبِ عَلَى فِطَرَاتِهَا The Establisher of hearts according to their natural constitutions which He hath given them in the mothers' wombs, disposing them to know Him and to confess Him, both the unfortunate of them and the fortunate. (TA from a trad. of 'Alee.) Also A name of الجَوْزَآءُ [the constel-lation Orion]; (A, K;) because it is [represented] in the form of a crowned king upon a throne. (A.) ذِرَاعُ الجَبَّارِ The cubit of the king: (A, TA:) or the long cubit: or, as Kt thinks, by الجبّار is here meant a certain foreign king whose fore arm was of full length. (TA.) قَلْبٌ جَبَّارٌ A heart that receives not admonition: (A:) or that admits not compassion. (K.) جَبَّارٌ , (Seer, K,) without ة , (Seer, TA,) applied to a palm-tree ( نَخْلَةٌ ), signifies Tall and young; (Seer, K, TA;) as also جُبَّارٌ : (K:) or is applied to palmtrees collectively ( نَخْلٌ ), and signifies tall, and above the reach of the hand; (T, S;) and the epithet applied to a single palm-tree is with ة ; (S, A;) in this sense; meaning less than سَحُوقٌ : (A:) or, with ة , it signifies a young palm-tree, that has attained its utmost height and has borne fruit: (M:) or that has been ascended [for the purpose of cutting off its fruit], and retains its excellence, surpassing therein other palm-trees. (AHn, TA.) Also, hence, as Az thinks, (TA,) Huge, tall, and strong; a giant. (T, A, * K.) And, with ة , (S, A,) and also without ة , (A,) applied to a she-camel, Great (S, A) and fat. (S.)

Nounجُبَّارٌ1 sense

Core sense — tall, above the reach of the hand, said of palm-treesgenerated

See جَبَّارٌ.

Show Lane's original text

: see جَبَّارٌ .

Nounجَبُّورٌ1 sense

Core sense — one who magnifies himself, proud, haughtygenerated

And جُبُّورٌ: see جَبَرِيَّةٌ.

Show Lane's original text

and جُبُّورٌ : see جَبَرِيَّةٌ .

Nounجِبِّيرٌ1 sense

Core sense — one who magnifies himself much, very proudgenerated

See جَبَّارٌ.

Show Lane's original text

: see جَبَّارٌ .

Nounجَبُّورَةٌ1 sense

Core sense — self-magnification, pride, haughtinessgenerated

See جَبَرِيَّةٌ.

Show Lane's original text

: see جَبَرِيَّةٌ .

Nounجَابِرٌ3 senses · 1 main

Core sense — one who sets bones, one who restores; a name of breadgenerated

1figurative · مجاز

This word and جَابِرُ بْنُ حَبَّةَ are names of bread; أَبُو جَابِرٍ is a surname for it, and so is أُمُّ جَابِرٍ, which also means the ear of corn, and which means the same as الهَرِيسَةُ [grain, or wheat, bruised, or brayed, and then cooked].

1.1figurative · مجازsuch a one takes great care of me and puts my affairs into a right state—فُلَانٌ جَابِرٌ لِى

Meaning the same as مُسْتَجْبِرٌ, that is, he exerts himself to the utmost in paying frequent attention to me.

1.2