ثبط

Form 1 · Form 2 · Form 4 · Form 5 · Form Q. Q. 3 · 6 entries · Qur'ānic frequency 1

Form 1ثَبِطَ2 senses

muḍāriʿـَيَفْعَلُ

Core sense — he was stupid and weak in his work; he was heavy, sluggish, or slowgenerated

1.1

maṣdar, by rule, ثَبْطٌ. Sgh says that analogy requires this form, judging from the ism fāʿil ثَبِطٌ.

He was, or became, stupid in his work, or action; and weak. And he was, or became, heavy, sluggish, or slow — said of a man, and of a horse, of a horse with respect to covering.

See also form 2, in two places.

Show Lane's original text

, aor. ثَبَطَ , [inf. n., accord. to rule, ثَبْطٌ ,] (K,) or, as Sgh says, [judging from the part. n. ثَبِطٌ ,] thus analogy requires that it should be, (TA,) He was, or became, stupid in his work, or action; and weak: and he (a man, and a horse, K and TA, said of a horse with respect to covering, TA) was, or became, heavy, sluggish, or slow. (K, * TA.) See also 2, in two places.

Form 2ثبّطهُ عَنِ الأَمْرِ2 senses · 1 main

maṣdarتَثْبِيطٌ ثَبْطٌ

Core sense — he hindered him from doing a thing; he made him pausegenerated

2.1he hindered him, or withheld him, and retarded him, from doing the thing—الشَّىْءِ

he diverted him from it, by occupying him otherwise—ثَبَطَهُ

Or: he prevented him from doing it by inducing him to be cowardly and weak-hearted.

Aboo-Is-hák: تثبيط means one's turning a man back, or away, from a thing that he would do; or one's coming in as an obstacle between a man and a thing that he desires.

on this sense The verb occurs in the Kur 9:46.

Qur’ān 9:46 approximate — somewhere between 9:40 and 9:55 Lane cites “Kur ix. 46”

Qur’ān 9:46 the verse Lane’s citation points to, and it uses this root

وَلَوْ أَرَادُوا۟ ٱلْخُرُوجَ لَأَعَدُّوا۟ لَهُۥ عُدَّةً وَلَـٰكِن كَرِهَ ٱللَّهُ ٱنۢبِعَاثَهُمْ فَثَبَّطَهُمْ وَقِيلَ ٱقْعُدُوا۟ مَعَ ٱلْقَـٰعِدِينَ

If they had intended to come out, they would certainly have made some preparation therefor; but Allah was averse to their being sent forth; so He made them lag behind, and they were told, "Sit ye among those who sit (inactive)."Abdullah Yusuf Ali, The Holy Qur’ān (1934)

2.1.1he made him pause, or wait, at the thing, or affair—ثبّطهُ عَلَى الأَمْرِ

he made him pause, or wait—ثَبَطَهُ عَلَيْهِ

Maṣdar as above.

synonymous with وَقَّفَهُ عَلَيْهِ. [This here carries the meaning given above, as is shown by the explanation of the quasi-passive تَثَبَّطَ that follows immediately in the K; in the CK we find, wrongly, وَقَفَ عليه.]

Qur’ānic occurrences Form 2

9:46

Occurrences of this form in the Qur’ān, not Lane’s choice of verse. They show the word in use; they do not say which sense above applies. Where more occur than are shown, the shortest āyāt are chosen.

Show Lane's original text

, (Lth, IDrd, S, Msb, K,) or الشَّىْءِ , (TA,) inf. n. تَثْبِيطٌ , (S, Msb,) He hindered him, withheld him, or prevented him, (IDrd, Msb, K, TA,) and retarded him, (IDrd, K, TA,) from doing the affair, or thing; (IDrd, Msb, K, TA;) as also ثَبَطَهُ : (IDrd, K:) he diverted him from it, by occupying him otherwise: (Lth, S, Msb:) or he prevented him from doing it by inducing him to be cowardly and weak-hearted: (Msb:) or تثبيط signifies one's turning a man back, or away, from a thing that he would do: (Aboo-Is- hák:) or one's intervening as an obstacle between a man and a thing that he desires. (TA.) The verb occurs in the Kur ix. 46. (TA.) ثبّطهُ عَلَى الأَمْرِ , inf. n. as above, He made him to pause, or wait, at the thing, or affair; (TA;) as also ثَبَطَهُ عَلَيْهِ , (K, * TA,) inf. n. ثَبْطٌ ; (TA;) syn. وَقَّفَهُ عَلَيْهِ [which here has the meaning assigned to it above, as is shown by the explanation of the quasi-pass. تَثَبَّطَ immediately following in the K: in the CK, we find, erroneously, وَقَفَ عليه ]. (K, TA.)

Form 4اثبطهُ المَرَضُ1 sense

Core sense — the disease scarcely, or never, left himgenerated

4.1

The disease scarcely, or never, left him.

Show Lane's original text

The disease scarcely, or never, quitted him. (S, K.)

Form 5تثبّط2 senses · 1 main

Core sense — he became hindered from the affair; he paused, or waitedgenerated

5.1he became hindered, withheld, or prevented, from the affair, or thing—عَنِ الأَمْرِ

Quasi-passive of form 2.

This meaning and the one that follows are well known.

5.1.1he paused, or waited, at the thing, or affair—عَلَى الأَمْرِ

Synonymous with تَوَقَّفَ; as is implied in the K and TA.

Show Lane's original text

[quasi-pass. of 2, He became hindered, withheld, or prevented, &c.; عَنِ الأَمْرِ from the affair, or thing. This signification and that next following are well known. ] He paused, or waited; [ عَلَى الأَمْرِ at the thing, or affair; as is implied in the K and TA;] syn. تَوَقَّفَ . (K, TA.)

Form Q. Q. 3اِثْبَأْطَطْتُ عَنِ الأَمْرِ1 sense

Core sense — I held back from the affair, giving it upgenerated

Q. Q. 3.1

I held back, or hung back, from the affair, or thing, giving it up.

Show Lane's original text

I held back, or hung back, from the affair, or thing, relinquishing it. (TA.)

Derived nouns 1

Nounثَبِطٌ1 sense

Core sense — stupid in his work, and weak; heavy, sluggish, or slowgenerated

Stupid in his work, or action; and weak. Also heavy, sluggish, or slow; applied to a man and to a horse, to a horse with respect to covering.

Also a man who will not move from his place.

Feminine with ة; plural of paucity أَثْبَاطٌ, and of multitude ثِبَاطٌ, and, applied to men, ثَبِطُونَ also.

Show Lane's original text

Stupid in his work, or action; and weak: heavy, sluggish, or slow; applied to a man, and to a horse; (K;) to the latter, with respect to covering: (TA:) and a man who will not move from his place: (TA:) fem. with ة : (K:) and pl. [of pauc.] أَثْبَاطٌ and [of mult.] ثِبَاطٌ , (K,) and, applied to men, ثَبِطُونَ also. (TA.)