ثبر

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Form 1ثَبَرَهُ7 senses · 2 main

muḍāriʿـِيَفْعِلُ·ـُيَفْعُلُmaṣdarثَبْرٌ ثُبُورٌ

Core sense — he restrained or prevented him; he destroyed him utterly; he perishedgenerated

1.1he confined him; or he restrained, withheld, hindered, or prevented him—ثبّرهُ

He confined him; or he restrained, withheld, hindered, or prevented him..

Maṣdar تَثْبِيرٌ.

he confined, restricted, or limited him (a man) to the thing—ثَبَرَهُ بِالشَّىْءِ

maṣdar as above.

he, or it, restrained, withheld, hindered, or prevented him from it; turned him away, or back, from it—ثَبَرَهُ عَنْهُ

maṣdar as above.

he, or it, restrained him from it, and turned him away, or back, from it—ثبّرهُ

what restrained, hindered, or prevented you, or retarded you, or diverted you, from [accomplishing, or attaining,] what you wanted?—مَا ثَبَرَكَ عَنْ حَاجَتِكَ

what has turned the people away, or back, and withheld them, from obeying God? or what has retarded them?—مَا ثَبَّرَ النَّاسِ

1.1.1

Also, with the same maṣdar: he denied him, or refused him, or debarred him from, what he desired or sought; he disappointed him, causing him to fail of attaining his desire; he made him unsuccessful, and frustrated his hope.

1.1.2

He drove him away, expelled him, or banished him.

1.1.3

He cursed him.

1.1.4

Also: He (God) destroyed him with a destruction from which he would not rise again.

1.2he perished; he suffered loss; he erred, or went astray; or he became lost—ثَبَرَ

[See also ثُبُورٌ below.]

1.2.1

Also: it (the sea) ebbed.

Show Lane's original text

, (M, TA,) aor. ثَبِرَ , (M,) or ثَبُرَ , (TA,) inf. n. ثَبْرٌ , (M, K,) He confined him; or restrained, withheld, hindered, or prevented, him; (M, K;) as also ثبّرهُ , (M,) inf. n. تَثْبِيرٌ . (K.) You say, ثَبَرَهُ بِالشَّىْءِ , aor. ثَبُرَ , inf. n. as above, He confined, restricted, or limited, him (a man) to the thing. (Msb.) And ثَبَرَهُ عَنْهُ , (T, S, M,) aor. ثَبِرَ , (T,) or ثَبُرَ , (S, M,) inf. n. as above; (S, K;) and ثبّرهُ ; (IAar, TA;) He, or it, restrained, withheld, hindered, or prevented, him from it; (IAar, T, S, K;) turned him away, or back, from it, (AZ, IAar, T, M, K.) And مَا ثَبَرَكَ عَنْ حَاجَتِكَ What restrained, withhold, hindered, or prevented, thee, (T, * S, A,) or retarded thee, (A,) or diverted thee, (T, A,) from [accomplishing, or attaining,] thy want? (S, A.) And مَا ثَبَّرَ النَّاسِ What hath turned the people away, or back, and withheld, or prevented, them, from obeying God? or what hath retarded them therefrom? (TA from a trad.) Also, (TK,) inf. n. as above, (K,) He denied him, or refused him, or prohibited him from attaining, or debarred him from, what he desired or sought; he disappointed him, or caused him to fail of attaining his desire; rendered him unsuccessful; disappointed, or frustrated, his desire, or hope. (K.) He drove him away, expelled him, or banished him. (K.) He cursed him. (K.) Also, (M, A, Msb,) aor. ثَبُرَ , (Msb,) inf. n. ثُبُورٌ , (Msb, K,) He (God, M, A, Msb) destroyed him (M, A, Msb, K *) with a destruction from which he should not rise again. (M, A.) ثَبَرَ , aor. ثَبُرَ , (Msb,) inf. n. ثُبُورٌ , (S, Msb, K,) He perished: (S, Msb, K:) he suffered loss; erred, or went astray; or became lost. (S.) [See also ثُبُورٌ below.] Also, (M,) inf. n. ثَبْرٌ , (K,) It (the sea) ebbed. (M, K.)

Form 2ثَبَّرَ1 sense

Core sense — he restrained him, he withheld or prevented himgenerated

2.1

See 1, in three places.

Show Lane's original text

see 1, in three places.

Form 3ثابر عَلَيْهِ1 sense

maṣdarمُثَابَرَةٌ

Core sense — he applied himself to it constantly and perseveringlygenerated

3.1

he kept, attended, or applied himself constantly and perseveringly to it, that is, to a thing or an affair, such as learning.

He was eager to say it, or to do it, and kept to it constantly and perseveringly.

Show Lane's original text

, (T, M, A, K, *) inf. n. مُثَابَرَةٌ , (T, S, A, Mgh, Msb,) He kept, attended, or applied himself, constantly, perseveringly, or assiduously, to it, (T, S, M, A, Mgh, Msb, K, *) namely, a thing, (S, M, Msb,) or an affair, (TA,) as, for instance, learning: (A:) he was eager to say it, or to do it, and kept to it constantly, perseveringly, or assiduously. (IAth.)

Form 6تَثَابَرَا1 sense

Core sense — they leaped, or sprang, each upon the other in fightgenerated

6.1they two, or the men, leaped, or sprang, each upon the other, or one upon another, in war or fight—تَثَابَرَتِ الرِّجَالُ

Show Lane's original text

, (K,) or تَثَابَرَتِ الرِّجَالُ , (M,) They two, (K,) or the men, (M,) leaped, or sprang, (M, K,) each upon, or at, the other, (K,) or one upon, or at, another, in war, or fight. (M.)

Form 11اِثْبَارَرْتُ عَنْهُ1 sense

Core sense — I was heavy, or sluggish, and held back from itgenerated

11.1

I was heavy, or sluggish, and held back from it.

Show Lane's original text

I was heavy, or sluggish, and held back from it. (K.)

Derived nouns 3

Nounثُبُورٌ1 sense

Core sense — perdition; destruction from which there is no rising again; woegenerated

1Alas for destruction from which there is no rising again!—وَاثُبُورَاهْ

Perdition. Katādeh: loss; a going astray, or becoming lost. Woe. Katādeh: destruction from which there is no rising again.

So it is said that the people of Hell will call out.

In the Qur'ān 25:14 and 15, ثُبُورًا is in the accusative case as a maṣdar, as though they said ثَبَرْنَا ثُبُورًا; and being a maṣdar, it is used both as a singular and as a plural.

Lane cites “Kur xxv. 14” — Flügel numbering, not yet mapped

Qur’ānic occurrences ثُبُور 1 shown of 3

84:11

فَسَوْفَ يَدْعُوا۟ ثُبُورًا

Soon will he cry for perdition,

Occurrences of this form in the Qur’ān, not Lane’s choice of verse. They show the word in use; they do not say which sense above applies. Where more occur than are shown, the shortest āyāt are chosen.

Show Lane's original text

Perdition: (Katádeh, T, S, M, K:) loss; a going astray; or becoming lost: (S:) woe: (Katádeh, T, M, K:) destruction (M, A, K) from which there is no rising again. (M, A.) Hence it is said that the people of Hell will call out, وَاثُبُورَاهْ Alas for destruction from which there is no rising again! (M, A.) In the Kur xxv. 14 and 15, ثُبُورًا is in the accus. case as an inf. n., as though they said, ثَبَرْنَا ثُبُورًا ; and, being an inf. n., it is used as a sing. and pl. (Fr, Zj, T.)

Nounثَابِرٌ1 sense

Core sense — suffering loss; erring, or going astray; perishinggenerated

Suffering loss; erring, or going astray; or becoming lost, or perishing. Synonym: خَاسِرٌ.

So in the saying of El-Kumeyt

shāhid

مِنْ رَأْىَ مَثْبُورٍ وَثَابِرْوَرَأَتْ قُضَاعَةُ فِى الأَيَا

: And Kudāʿah, in asserting their relationship to El-Yemen, formed the opinion of one who is made to suffer loss, or to err, and of one who is suffering loss, or erring.

Here مثبور means مَخْسُور.

Show Lane's original text

Suffering loss; erring, or going astray; or becoming lost, or perishing; syn. خَاسِرٌ : so in the saying of El-Kumeyt, 1 And Kudá'ah, in asserting their relationship to El-Yemen, formed the opinion of one who is made to suffer loss, or to err, &c., and one who is suffering loss, or erring, &c.; مثبور here meaning مَخْسُور . (S.) مِنْ رَأْىَ مَثْبُورٍ وَثَابِرْ | وَرَأَتْ قُضَاعَةُ فِى الأَيَا

Nounمَثْبُورٌ1 sense

Core sense — overcome; prevented from attaining good; cursed; made to perishgenerated

As used in the Qur'ān 17:104: overcome; withheld, or prevented, from attaining what is good; driven away, expelled, banished, or outcast; punished, or chastised; cursed, or accursed; made to suffer loss, to err, or go astray, or to become lost, or to perish.

So in the saying of El-Kumeyt cited above under ثَابِرٌ. Mujāhid: in a state of destruction.

Qur’ān 17:102 approximate — somewhere between 17:80 and 17:110 Lane cites “Kur xvii. 104”

Qur’ān 17:102 the verse Lane’s citation points to, and it uses this root

قَالَ لَقَدْ عَلِمْتَ مَآ أَنزَلَ هَـٰٓؤُلَآءِ إِلَّا رَبُّ ٱلسَّمَـٰوَٰتِ وَٱلْأَرْضِ بَصَآئِرَ وَإِنِّى لَأَظُنُّكَ يَـٰفِرْعَوْنُ مَثْبُورًا

Moses said, "Thou knowest well that these things have been sent down by none but the Lord of the heavens and the earth as eye-opening evidence: and I consider thee indeed, O Pharaoh, to be one doomed to destruction!"Abdullah Yusuf Ali, The Holy Qur’ān (1934)

Qur’ānic occurrences مَثْبُور

17:102

Show Lane's original text

, as used in the Kur xvii. 104, Overcome; withheld, or prevented, from attaining what is good: (Fr, T:) driven away; expelled; banished; outcast: punished; chastised: (IAar, T:) cursed; accursed: (Fr, IAar, T:) made to lose, or suffer loss; to err, or go astray; or to become lost, or to perish: so in the saying of El-Kumeyt cited above, voce ثَابِرٌ : (S:) in a state of destruction. (Mujáhid, T.)