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بور

Form 1 · Form 4 · Form 8  ·  16 entries  ·  Qur'ānic frequency 5

Form 1بَارَ10 senses · 2 main
maṣdarبَوَارٌ بَوْرٌ اِبْتِيَارٌmuḍāriʿيَبُورُ

Core sense — he, or it, perished; it became unsaleable; he tried, or tested, himgenerated

1.1[They became extinct, and perished]—بَادُوا وَ بَارُوا

He, or it, perished., or بُورٌ.

1.1.1figurative · مجازthe land was, or became, in a bad, or corrupt, state, and uncultivated; it was unsown—بَارَتِ الأَرْضُ
1.1.2figurative · مجاز — inferredhis work was, or proved, vain, or ineffectual—بَارَ عَمَلُهُ

This is the meaning of the verb in the Qur'ān 35:11.

Qur’ān 35:14 approximate — somewhere between 35:1 and 35:37 Lane cites “Kur xxxv. 11”
1.1.3figurative · مجازit was, or became, unsaleable, or hard to sell, or in little demand—بَارَ

This is because a thing, when neglected, becomes of no use, and so resembles what perishes.

Said of a thing, or of a commodity. Muḍāriʿ as above.

1.1.4figurative · مجازthe market was, or became, stagnant, or dull, in trade—بَارَتِ السُّوقُ

.

1.1.5figurative · مجازthe woman without a husband was not desired, or sought for—بَارَتِ الأَيِّمُ

Or: she stayed in her house a long time without being asked for in marriage.

.

1.1.6

[بَارَ is also used as an imitative sequent of حَارَ, as بَائِرٌ is of حَائِرٌ; see examples in art. حور.]

1.2he brought the she-camel to the stallion to see whether she was pregnant or not—بَارَ النَّاقَةَ

If she is pregnant, she voids her urine in his face when he smells her.

Muḍāriʿ as above.

1.2.1he smelt the she-camel to know whether she was pregnant or not—ابتارها

Also said of the stallion: he smelt the she-camel to know whether she was pregnant or not.

1.2.2figurative · مجازtry, or examine, and learn for me what is in the mind of such a one—بُرْ لِى مَا عَنْدَ فُلَانٍ

Hence this saying. Here نَفْس means the mind.

he tried him; he proved him by experiment or experience; he examined him—بَارَهُ

Muḍāriʿ as above.

he tried him; he proved him by experiment or experience; he examined him—ابتارهُ

.

El-Kumeyt says:

shāhid
ةِ إِمَّا ٱبْتِهَارًا و إِمَّا ٱبْتِيَارَاقَبِيحٌ بِمِثْلِىَ نَعْتُ الفَتَا

— it would be foul in one like me to characterize the girl either by false accusation or by trying, with truthful speech, to draw out what is in her mind (مَا عِنْدَهَا, that is, مَا فِى نَفْسِهَا, in agreement with the explanation given above).

Or ابتيارا, which here lacks ء, means: by asserting truly that I had had intercourse with her.

he asserted truly that he had had sexual intercourse with her—ابتارها
he asserted the same falsely—ابتهرها

These two glosses are from A 'Obeyd.

The former also means: he had intercourse with her by force; he ravished her.

Or ابتار means he charged, or reproached, a person with what was not in him, and ابتهر means he charged him with what was in him. See art. بهر.

Qur’ānic occurrences Form 1
35:10
مَن كَانَ يُرِيدُ ٱلْعِزَّةَ فَلِلَّهِ ٱلْعِزَّةُ جَمِيعًا ۚ إِلَيْهِ يَصْعَدُ ٱلْكَلِمُ ٱلطَّيِّبُ وَٱلْعَمَلُ ٱلصَّـٰلِحُ يَرْفَعُهُۥ ۚ وَٱلَّذِينَ يَمْكُرُونَ ٱلسَّيِّـَٔاتِ لَهُمْ عَذَابٌ شَدِيدٌ ۖ وَمَكْرُ أُو۟لَـٰٓئِكَ هُوَ يَبُورُ

If any do seek for glory and power,- to Allah belong all glory and power. To Him mount up (all) Words of Purity: It is He Who exalts each Deed of Righteousness. Those that lay Plots of Evil,- for them is a Penalty terrible; and the plotting of such will be void (of result).

35:29
إِنَّ ٱلَّذِينَ يَتْلُونَ كِتَـٰبَ ٱللَّهِ وَأَقَامُوا۟ ٱلصَّلَوٰةَ وَأَنفَقُوا۟ مِمَّا رَزَقْنَـٰهُمْ سِرًّا وَعَلَانِيَةً يَرْجُونَ تِجَـٰرَةً لَّن تَبُورَ

Those who rehearse the Book of Allah, establish regular Prayer, and spend (in Charity) out of what We have provided for them, secretly and openly, hope for a commerce that will never fail:

Occurrences of this form in the Qur’ān, not Lane’s choice of verse. They show the word in use; they do not say which sense above applies. Where more occur than are shown, the shortest āyāt are chosen.

Show Lane's original text
, (S, M, Msb,) aor. يَبُورُ , (Msb,) inf. n. بَوَارٌ (Lth, T, S, M, K) and بَوْرٌ , (M, K,) or بُورٌ , (Msb,) He, (S,) or it, (Msb,) perished. (Lth, T, S, M, Msb, K.) You say, بَادُوا وَ بَارُوا [They became extinct, and perished]. (A.) [Hence,] بَارَتِ الأَرْضُ The land was, or became, in a bad, or corrupt, state, and uncultivated; (K, * TA;) was unsown. (A.) And بَارَ عَمَلُهُ His work was, or proved, vain, or ineffectual: such is the signification of the verb in the Kur xxxv. 11. (S, K.) And بَارَ , (T, S, &c.,) aor. as above, inf. n. بَوَارٌ , (Msb,) It (a thing, Msb, or commodity, T, S, A, Mgh) was, or became, unsaleable, or difficult of sale, or in little demand: (T, S, A, Mgh, Msb:) because a thing, when neglected, becomes of no use, and thus resembles that which perishes. (Msb.) And بَارَتِ السُّوقُ , (T, M,) inf. n. بَوْرٌ and بَوَارٌ , (K,) The market was, or became, stagnant, or dull, with respect to traffic. (T, M, K.) And بَارَتِ الأَيِّمُ , (A,) inf. n. بَوَارٌ , (T, S, K,) The woman without a husband was not desired, or sought for: (A:) or remained in her house long without being demanded in marriage. (T, K.) [ بَارَ is also used as an imitative sequent of حَارَ ; like as بَائِرٌ is of حَائِرٌ : see exs. in art. حور .] بَارَ النَّاقَةَ , (T, S, A, K,) aor. as above, (T, S, A,) inf. n. بَوْرٌ , (S,) He brought the she-camel to the stallion to see if she were pregnant or not: (T, S, A, K:) for if she is pregnant, she voids her urine in his face (S, K) when he smells her. (S.) Also He (the stallion) smelt the she-camel to know if she were pregnant or not; (T, S, M, K;) and so ابتارها . (S, M.) Hence the saying, بُرْ لِى مَا عَنْدَ فُلَانٍ Try thou, or examine, and learn, for me, what is in the mind ( نَفْس S) of such a one. (S, A. *) You say, بَارَهُ , (T, S, M, K,) aor. as above, (T, S,) inf. n. بَوْرٌ ; (T, M, K;) and ابتارهُ , (M,) inf. n. اِبْتِيَارٌ ; (S, K;) meaning He tried him; assayed him; proved him by experiment or experience; examined him. (T, S, M, K.) ElKumeyt says, 1 (T, S) It were foul in the like of me to characterize the damsel either by false accusation or by trying, with speaking truth, to elicit what is in her mind ( مَا عِنْدَهَا [i. e. مَا فِى نَفْسِهَا , agreeably with an explanation given above]): (S, TA:) or ابتيارا , which is without ء , here signifies by asserting with truth my having had sexual intercourse with her: (TA:) [for] ابتارها signifies he asserted with truth that he had had sexual intercourse with her; and ابتهرها “ he asserted the same falsely: ” (A 'Obeyd, T:) and the former signifies also he had sexual intercourse with her (K, TA) by force; he ravished her: (TA:) or ابتار signifies he charged, or upbraided, a person with that which was not in him; and ابتهر “ he charged, or upbraided, with that which was in him. ” (TA in art. بهر .) ةِ إِمَّا ٱبْتِهَارًا و إِمَّا ٱبْتِيَارَا | قَبِيحٌ بِمِثْلِىَ نَعْتُ الفَتَا
Form 4ابارهُ1 sense

Core sense — he destroyed him, he caused him to perishgenerated

4.1

He (God) destroyed him; He caused him to perish.

Show Lane's original text
He (God) destroyed him; caused him to perish. (S, M, A, K.)
Form 8إِبْتَوَرَ1 sense

Core sense — he smelt the she-camel to test her; he tried, or tested, himgenerated

8.1

See 1, in four places.

Show Lane's original text
see 1, in four places.

Derived nouns 13

Nounأَرْضٌ بَوْرٌ2 senses · 1 main

Core sense — land not sown; land in a bad state and uncultivatedgenerated

1figurative · مجاز — inferredland not sown—بَوَارٌ

A 'Obeyd, T and others: in this phrase the second word is a maṣdar [of 1] used as an adjective, and the phrase means land not sown.

This too is a maṣdar used as an adjective; its plural is بُورٌ.

land that is in a bad state, uncultivated, unsown, and not planted—أَرْضٌ بَائِرٌ

Or: land before it is prepared for sowing or planting; or land left to lie fallow one year so that it may be sown the next.

Or: land left unsown.

Also بَائِرَةٌ, بُورٌ (originally a maṣdar), and بُورُ الأَرْضِ, in which the first word may be the plural of بَوَارٌ, mentioned above.

their abodes became void, with nothing in them—مَنَازِلُهُمْ بُورًا أَصْبَحَتْ
1.1

See also بُورٌ.

Show Lane's original text
, (A 'Obeyd, T, &c.,) in which the latter word is an inf. n. [of 1] used as an epithet, (IAth,) Land not sown; (A 'Obeyd, T, S, IAth;) as also بَوَارٌ , [likewise an inf. n. used as an epithet,] of which the pl. is بُورٌ : (A, IAth:) or land before it is prepared for sowing (AHn, M, K) or planting: (AHn, M:) or land that is left to lie fallow one year, that it may be sown the next year: (K:) and أَرْضٌ بَائِرٌ , (Zj, M, K,) and بَائِرَةٌ , (Zj, K,) and بُورٌ , [which is originally an inf. n.,] (K,) or بُورُ الأَرْضِ , [in which the former word may be pl. of بَوَارٌ , mentioned above,] (M,) land that is in a bad state, and uncultivated, (K, * TA,) unsown, (M, TA,) and not planted: (TA:) or left unsown. (Zj, M.) You say also, مَنَازِلُهُمْ بُورًا أَصْبَحَتْ Their abodes became void, having nothing in them. (Fr, T.) See also بُورٌ .
Nounبُورٌ3 senses · 2 main

Core sense — bad, or corrupt; in a state of perdition; in whom there is no goodgenerated

1bad, or corrupt; without any good in him; a man in a state of perdition—بَائِرٌ

A bad, or corrupt, man; one in a state of perdition; in whom there is no good.

Originally a maṣdar, and so, as an adjective, applied also to a female, to two persons, and to more. [But see what follows.]

Its plural, or rather ism jamʿ, is بَوْرٌ, as نَوْمٌ is of نَائِمٌ and صَوْمٌ of صَائِمٌ; another plural of it is بُورٌ, as حُولٌ is of حَائِلٌ.

Or, as Akh states, according to some this last is a dialectal variant of بَائِرٌ, not a plural.

1.1

See also بَوْرٌ, in three places.

2they are indeed in a state of deficiency, or loss—إِنَّهُمْ لَفِى حُورٍ وَ بُورٍ

In one recension جور is put for حَور.

See also بَائِرٌ. [And see حَوْرٌ.]

such a one went away in a defective and bad state—الحَوارِ وَ البَوَارِ ذَهَبَ فُلَانٌ فِى

See art. حور.

Qur’ānic occurrences بُور
25:18
قَالُوا۟ سُبْحَـٰنَكَ مَا كَانَ يَنۢبَغِى لَنَآ أَن نَّتَّخِذَ مِن دُونِكَ مِنْ أَوْلِيَآءَ وَلَـٰكِن مَّتَّعْتَهُمْ وَءَابَآءَهُمْ حَتَّىٰ نَسُوا۟ ٱلذِّكْرَ وَكَانُوا۟ قَوْمًۢا بُورًا

They will say: "Glory to Thee! not meet was it for us that we should take for protectors others besides Thee: But Thou didst bestow, on them and their fathers, good things (in life), until they forgot the Message: for they were a people (worthless and) lost."

48:12
بَلْ ظَنَنتُمْ أَن لَّن يَنقَلِبَ ٱلرَّسُولُ وَٱلْمُؤْمِنُونَ إِلَىٰٓ أَهْلِيهِمْ أَبَدًا وَزُيِّنَ ذَٰلِكَ فِى قُلُوبِكُمْ وَظَنَنتُمْ ظَنَّ ٱلسَّوْءِ وَكُنتُمْ قَوْمًۢا بُورًا

"Nay, ye thought that the Messenger and the Believers would never return to their families; this seemed pleasing in your hearts, and ye conceived an evil thought, for ye are a people lost (in wickedness)."

Occurrences of this form in the Qur’ān, not Lane’s choice of verse. They show the word in use; they do not say which sense above applies. Where more occur than are shown, the shortest āyāt are chosen.

Show Lane's original text
A bad, or corrupt, man; (S, A, K;) and one (M, K) in a state of perdition; (S, M, A, K;) in whom is no good; (S, K;) originally an inf. n., (Fr, T,) and [therefore, as an epithet,] applied also to a female, (AO, T, S, M, K,) and to two persons, and more: (AO, T, M, K:) [but see what here follows:] بَائِرٌ , also, signifies bad, or corrupt; destitute of good; (Zj, M;) a man in a state of perdition; (AO, T, S;) and its pl., (K,) or rather quasi-pl., (M, TA,) is بَوْرٌ , (M, K,) like as نَوْمٌ is of نَائِمٌ , and صَوْمٌ of صَائِمٌ ; (M, TA;) and another pl. of the same is بُورٌ , (AO, T, S, M,) like as حُولٌ is of حَائِلٌ , or, accord. to some, as Akh states, this is a dial. var., not a pl., of بَائِرٌ . (S.) See also بَوْرٌ , in three places. إِنَّهُمْ لَفِى حُورٍ وَ بُورٍ (A, TA [but in the latter, جور is put for حَور ]) Verily they are in a state of deficiency, or detriment. (TA.) See also بَائِرٌ . [And see حَوْرٌ .] You say also, الحَوارِ وَ البَوَارِ ذَهَبَ فُلَانٌ فِى Such a one went away in a defective and bad state. (L, TA in art. حور .)
Nounبَارِىٌّ2 senses · 1 main

Core sense — a woven mat made of reeds; a roadgenerated

1he saw no harm in praying on a mat made of reeds—بَأْسًا بِالصَّلَاةِ عَلَى البُورِىِّ كَانَ لَا يَرَى

A woven mat, made of reeds; what is called in Persian بُورِيَا, or a rough حَصِير [or mat]. This word and بُورِىٌّ, بَارِيَّةٌ, بُورِيَّةٌ, بَارِيَآءُ, and بُورِيَآءُ are all arabicized from Persian.

According to Fei, and some others also, these words belong to art. برى.

[The plural is بَوَارِىُّ.]

So said in a tradition, and explained in this way.

1.1

According to some: a road; the same as طَرِيقٌ; arabicized.

[Perhaps this is the meaning in the tradition cited above.]

Show Lane's original text
and بُورِىٌّ and بَارِيَّةٌ (As, S, M, K) and بُورِيَّةٌ (M, K) and بَارِيَآءُ and بُورِيَآءُ , (S, M, K,) all arabicized words, from the Persian, (M,) A woven mat, (M, K,) made of reeds; (S;) what is called in Persian بُورِيَا : (As, K:) or a rough حَصِير [or mat]. (Msb in art. برى [to which the words belong accord. to Fei, and the same is asserted to be the case by some others].) [The pl. is بَوَارِىُّ .] It is said in a trad., بَأْسًا بِالصَّلَاةِ عَلَى البُورِىِّ كَانَ لَا يَرَى explained as meaning He did not see any harm in praying upon a mat made of reeds. (TA.) Accord. to some, (M,) A road; syn. طَرِيقٌ : (K, M:) [so, perhaps, in the trad. cited above:] arabicized. (K.)
Nounبُورِىٌّ2 senses

Core sense — a woven mat made of reeds; a kind of fish, a mulletgenerated

1

See بَارِىٌّ, in two places.

2

Also a kind of fish; [a species of mullet, the mugil cephalus of Linnæus, from the roe and milt of which is made what the Italians call botargo, and the Arabs بَطَارِخ, and, according to Golius, بوترغا].

So called from a town in Egypt named بُورَةُ, between Tinnees and Dimyát, of which nothing now remains.

Show Lane's original text
: see بَارِىٌّ , in two places. Also A kind of fish; [a species of mullet, the mugil cephalus of Linnæus, of the roe and milt of which is made what the Italians call botargo, and the Arabs بَطَارِخ , and, accord. to Golius, بوترغا ;] so called from a town in Egypt, named بُورَةُ , (K,) between Tinnees and Dimyát, of which there are now no remains. (TA.)
Nounبَارِيَّةٌ1 sense

Core sense — a woven mat made of reedsgenerated

1

See بَارِىٌّ.

Show Lane's original text
: see بَارِىٌّ .
Nounبُورِيَّةٌ1 sense

Core sense — a woven mat made of reedsgenerated

1

See بَارِىٌّ.

Show Lane's original text
: see بَارِىٌّ .
Nounبَارِيَآءُ1 sense

Core sense — a woven mat made of reedsgenerated

1

See بَارِىٌّ.

Show Lane's original text
: see بَارِىٌّ .
Nounبُورِيَآءُ1 sense

Core sense — a woven mat made of reedsgenerated

1

See بَارِىٌّ.

Show Lane's original text
: see بَارِىٌّ .
Nounبَوَارٌ3 senses · 2 main

Core sense — perdition, destructiongenerated

1

A maṣdar of 1: see بُورٌ, last sentence.

1.1perdition—بَوَارِ

[Hence this word.] El-Ahmar: it is like قَطَامِ, an indeclinable noun.

perdition fell upon the unbelievers—نَزَلَتْ بَوَار عَلَى الكُفَّار
2

See also بَوْرٌ.

Qur’ānic occurrences بَوَار
14:28
أَلَمْ تَرَ إِلَى ٱلَّذِينَ بَدَّلُوا۟ نِعْمَتَ ٱللَّهِ كُفْرًا وَأَحَلُّوا۟ قَوْمَهُمْ دَارَ ٱلْبَوَارِ

Hast thou not turned thy vision to those who have changed the favour of Allah. Into blasphemy and caused their people to descend to the House of Perdition?-

Occurrences of this form in the Qur’ān, not Lane’s choice of verse. They show the word in use; they do not say which sense above applies. Where more occur than are shown, the shortest āyāt are chosen.

Show Lane's original text
, an inf. n. of 1: see بُورٌ , last sentence. [Hence,] بَوَارِ , like قَطَامِ , [an indecl. noun,] Perdition: (El-Ahmar, S, M, K:) as in the saying, نَزَلَتْ بَوَار عَلَى الكُفَّار Perdition fell upon the unbelievers. (El-Ahmar, S, TA.) See also بَوْرٌ .
Nounبَوَارِىٌّ1 sense

Core sense — a seller of reed matsgenerated

1

A seller of mats of the kind called بَارِىٌّ, and the like.

Show Lane's original text
A seller of mats of the kind called بَارِىٌّ &c. (K.)
Nounبَائِرٌ3 senses · 1 main

Core sense — perishing; not sown, said of land; erring, going astraygenerated

1

See بُورٌ.

1.1a man who does not apply himself rightly to anything; erring; losing his way—رَجُلٌ حَائِرٌ بَائِرٌ
a man who does not apply himself rightly to anything; erring; losing his way—فِى حُورٍ وَ بُورٍ

He will not do right of his own accord, nor obey anyone directing him aright.

It may be from the sense of laziness, or sluggishness, or from that of perdition.

[Or] بائر is here an imitative sequent of حائر.

On this phrase see also art. حور.

1.2

See also بَوْرٌ, in two places.

Show Lane's original text
: see بُورٌ . You say also رَجُلٌ حَائِرٌ بَائِرٌ , (T, S, M, A, K,) and فِى حُورٍ وَ بُورٍ , (A,) meaning A man who does not apply himself rightly, (T, S, TA,) or has not applied himself rightly, (K,) to anything; (T, S, K;) erring; losing his way; (T;) who will not do right of his own accord, nor obey one directing him aright: (K:) it may be from the signification of laziness, or sluggishness, and it may be from that of perdition: (M:) [or] بائر is here an imitative sequent of حائر . (S.) [Respecting the latter phrase, see also art. حور .] See also بَوْرٌ , in two places.
Nounفَحْلٌ مِبْوَرٌ1 sense

Core sense — a stallion-camel that knows whether the female is pregnantgenerated

1

A stallion-camel that knows the state of the female, whether she is pregnant or not.

Show Lane's original text
A stallion-camel that knows the state of the female, whether she be pregnant or not. (M, A, K.)
Nounمُبِيرٌ1 sense

Core sense — a destructive man, going to excess in destroying othersgenerated

1

A destructive man, going beyond all bounds in destroying others.

Show Lane's original text
A destructive man, acting exorbitantly in destroying others. (TA, from a trad.)