برهن

Form Q. 1 · 2 entries · Qur'ānic frequency 8

Form Q. 1بَرْهَنَ1 sense

Core sense — he adduced, or established, the evidence or proofgenerated

Q. 1.1he adduced, or established, his evidence or proof against him, or it—عَلَيْهِ

Form Q., or, as some say, Q. Q., 1. The verb means: he adduced, or established, the بُرْهَان, that is, the evidence or proof.

In اِسْتَدَلَّ عَلَيْهِ the sense is rather "of it".

he adduced his evidence or proof to him, or for him—لَهُ

Az and Z, on the authority of IAar, say that this verb is post-classical, and that the correct word is أَبْرَهَ. They say this on the ground that بُرْهَانٌ [q. v.] is of the measure فُعْلَانٌ, but J holds the ن to be a radical.

Show Lane's original text

Q., or, as some say, Q. Q., 1. He adduced, (T, Z, Msb,) or established, (S, K, and Ham p. 7,) the بُرْهَان , (T, Z, Msb, K,) i. e. the evidence or proof [&c.]; (T, S, Msb, &c.;) or he adduced his evidence or proof [&c.]; (T, Msb;) عَلَيْهِ [against him, or it, or (as in اِسْتَدَلَّ عَلَيْهِ ) of it], (S, K, and Ham p. 7,) and لَهُ [to him, or for him]: (Ham ubi suprà:) but this verb is said by Az and Z, on the authority of IAar, to be post-classical; the correct word, they say, being أَبْرَهَ : (Msb:) this they assert on the ground of the opinion that بُرْهَانٌ [q. v.] is of the measure فُعْلَانٌ ; but J holds the ن to be a radical. (TA.)

Derived nouns 1

Nounبُرْهَانٌ1 sense

Core sense — an evidence, or a proof; a clear, decisive demonstrationgenerated

An evidence, or a proof; and a demonstration, that is, the manifestation of an evidence or proof; or a decisive and clear evidence or proof.

Er-Rāghib: the firmest, strongest, or most valid evidence or proof, which is the kind that always necessarily implies truth as its consequence. Proofs are of five sorts, and this is one of them: another always necessarily implies falsehood as its consequence; another is nearer to truth; another is nearer to falsehood; and another is midway between these two.

[Plural بَرَاهِينُ.]

Some say that the ن in this word is augmentative, and that the word is of the measure فُعْلَانٌ, from البره [apparently البَرْهُ], meaning the act of cutting; others say it is radical. Az mentions both opinions; J keeps to the latter only, and Z to the former, saying, on the authority of IAar, that the word comes from بَرَهْرَهَةٌ, meaning "white", or "fair in complexion", said of a girl.

Abu-l-Fet-h [i. e. IJ] says that he holds it to be of the measure فُعْلَالٌ, like قُرْطَاسٌ and قُرْنَاسٌ, the ن not being augmentative, as the verb mentioned above shows; but [it has been stated above that] this verb is said, on the authority of IAar, to be post-classical.

Qur’ānic occurrences بُرْهَٰن 1 shown of 8

4:174

يَـٰٓأَيُّهَا ٱلنَّاسُ قَدْ جَآءَكُم بُرْهَـٰنٌ مِّن رَّبِّكُمْ وَأَنزَلْنَآ إِلَيْكُمْ نُورًا مُّبِينًا

O mankind! verily there hath come to you a convincing proof from your Lord: For We have sent unto you a light (that is) manifest.

Occurrences of this form in the Qur’ān, not Lane’s choice of verse. They show the word in use; they do not say which sense above applies. Where more occur than are shown, the shortest āyāt are chosen.

Show Lane's original text

An evidence, or a proof: (T, S, Msb, K, and Ham p. 7:) and a demonstration; i. e. the manifestation of an evidence or proof: (Msb:) or a decisive and manifest evidence or proof: (TA:) or the firmest, strongest, or most valid, evidence or proof; which is such as ever necessarily implies truth, or veracity, as its consequence, or concomitant; for evidences, or proofs, are of five sorts; whereof this is one; another is that which ever necessarily implies falsity, or falsehood, as its consequence, or concomitant; another, that which is nearer to truth, or veracity; another, that which is nearer to falsity, or falsehood; and another, that which is intermediate between these two: (Er-Rághib, TA:) [pl. بَرَاهِينُ :] some say that the ن in this word is augmentative; (Msb, and Ham p. 7;) that it is of the measure فُعْلَانٌ , from البره [app. البَرْهُ ] signifying the “act of cutting:” (Ham ubi suprà:) others, that it is radical: Az mentions both of these opinions: J confines himself to the latter opinion: Z, to the former, saying, on the authority of IAar, that the word is derived from بَرَهْرَهَةٌ , meaning “white,” [or “fair in complexion,”] applied to a girl: (Msb:) Abu-l-Fet-h [i. e. IJ] says that he holds it to be of the measure فُعْلَالٌ , like قُرْطَاسٌ and قُرْنَاسٌ , the ن not being augmentative, as is shown by the verb above mentioned: (Ham ubi suprà:) but [it has been stated above that] this verb is said, on the authority of IAar, to be post-classical. (Msb, TA.)