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بر

Form 1 · Form 3 · Form 4 · Form 5 · Form 6 · Form R. Q. 1  ·  28 entries  ·  Qur'ānic frequency 32

Form 1بَرَّ8 senses · 3 main
maṣdarبِرٌّmuḍāriʿيَبَرُّ يُبَرُّ

Core sense — he was pious and dutiful; he was kind; he was true, or veraciousgenerated

1.1figurative · مجازhe was true, or veracious, in his saying and in his oath—بَرَّ فِى قَوْلِهِ

First person بَرِرْتُ: he was pious [towards his father or parents, and towards God; see the explanations of the verb used transitively]; he was kind, good, affectionate and gentle in behaviour towards his kindred, and good in his dealings with strangers. He was good, just, righteous, virtuous, or honest: [or he was amply, largely, or extensively, good or beneficent:] and he was true, or veracious.

Authorities differ about the primary meaning of this verb and about the subordinate meanings: see بِرٌّ below.

First person بَرِرْتُ and بَرَرْتُ; muḍāriʿ يَبَرُّ and يَبِرٌّ; maṣdar بِرٌّ and بَرٌّ, or بُرُورٌ.

he was true, or veracious, in his saying and in his oath—فِى يَمِينِهِ
1.1.1his deed, or work, was good; it was well, or sinlessly, performed—بَرَّ عَمَلَهُ

maṣdar بِرٌّ, بُرُورٌ and أَبَرَّ; all mean the same.

his deed, or work, was good; it was well, or sinlessly, performed—بُرَّ
may the deed, that is, the pilgrimage, have been sinlessly performed—بُرَّ العَمَلُ

That is, الحَجُّ; a form of blessing said to a person come from pilgrimage.

his pilgrimage was sinlessly performed—بَرَّ حَجُّهُ

Or it was marked by the giving of food and by sweetness of speech, as Mohammad himself explained it: it was accepted; it was rewarded.

maṣdar بِرٌّ or بُرُورٌ.

his pilgrimage was sinlessly performed—بُرَّ حَجُّهُ

.

1.1.2it was, or proved, true—بَرَّ

Muḍāriʿ يَبَرُّ and يَبِرُّ; maṣdar بِرٌّ, بَرٌّ and بُرُورٌ.

Said of a saying, and of an oath.

[See an example under أَلِيَّةٌ in the article الو.]

1.1.3figurative · مجازhis commodity, or article of merchandise, was easy of sale to me, and brought me gain—بَرَّتْ بِى سِلْعَتُهُ

. Aboo-Saʿeed.

Originally it meant: it repaid me, by its high price, for my care of it.

[See also بَرَّهُ below.]

1.2figurative · مجاز — inferredhe behaved towards his father with filial piety, duty, or obedience—بَرَّ وَالِدَهُ

[And apparently بِوَالِدِهِ.] First person بَرِرْتُ and بَرَرْتُ; muḍāriʿ يَبَرُّ and يَبِرُّ; maṣdar بِرٌّ, مَبَرَّةٌ and بُرُورٌ.

The maṣdars mean the opposite of عُقُوقٌ: he behaved towards his father with good obedience and with gentleness, or courtesy, striving to do the things that pleased him and to avoid those that displeased him.

he obeyed his Creator, or his Lord; he served Him, rendering Him religious service—بَرَّ خَالِقَهُ

maṣdar بِرٌّ and تبرّرهُ.

Or he rendered Him ample obedience. The obedience meant here is of two kinds, that of belief and that of works, and both are meant by البِرّ in the Qur'ān 2:172.

he obeyed his Creator, or his Lord; he served Him, rendering Him religious service—رَبَّهُ

Apparently derived from the preceding; according to the A this use is figurative.

she behaved with maternal affection towards her child, or offspring—بَرَّتْ وَلَدَهَا

See بَرٌّ.

she behaved with maternal affection towards her child, or offspring—بِوَلَدِهَا
he behaved towards him, and towards his kindred, with kindness, affection and gentleness, and regard for their circumstances—بَرَّهُ

First person بَرِرْتُ; synonymous with وَصَلَهُ [and وَصَلَهُمْ]. This is said to be the meaning of the verb as used in the Qur'ān 60:8.

he behaved towards him, and towards his kindred, with kindness, affection and gentleness, and regard for their circumstances—بَرَّ رَحِمَهُ
God is merciful to His servants—اَللّٰهُ يَبَرُّ عِبَادَهُ
He recompensed him, or rewarded him, for his obedience—بَرَّهُ

Said of God.

[بَرَّهُ بِكَذَا (which occurs in explanation of أَلْطَفَهُ بِكَذَا) may be rendered He showed kindness, and the like, to him by such a thing, or such an action; and also he presented him with such a thing, like وَصَلَهُ بِكَذَا.]

Qur’ān 2:177 matched to Lane’s own quotation of it Lane cites “Kur ii. 172”
Qur’ān 60:8 approximate — somewhere between 60:1 and 60:11 Lane cites “Kur lx. 8”
Qur’ān 2:177 Lane quotes this verse
لَّيْسَ ٱلْبِرَّ أَن تُوَلُّوا۟ وُجُوهَكُمْ قِبَلَ ٱلْمَشْرِقِ وَٱلْمَغْرِبِ وَلَـٰكِنَّ ٱلْبِرَّ مَنْ ءَامَنَ بِٱللَّهِ وَٱلْيَوْمِ ٱلْـَٔاخِرِ وَٱلْمَلَـٰٓئِكَةِ وَٱلْكِتَـٰبِ وَٱلنَّبِيِّـۧنَ وَءَاتَى ٱلْمَالَ عَلَىٰ حُبِّهِۦ ذَوِى ٱلْقُرْبَىٰ وَٱلْيَتَـٰمَىٰ وَٱلْمَسَـٰكِينَ وَٱبْنَ ٱلسَّبِيلِ وَٱلسَّآئِلِينَ وَفِى ٱلرِّقَابِ وَأَقَامَ ٱلصَّلَوٰةَ وَءَاتَى ٱلزَّكَوٰةَ وَٱلْمُوفُونَ بِعَهْدِهِمْ إِذَا عَـٰهَدُوا۟ ۖ وَٱلصَّـٰبِرِينَ فِى ٱلْبَأْسَآءِ وَٱلضَّرَّآءِ وَحِينَ ٱلْبَأْسِ ۗ أُو۟لَـٰٓئِكَ ٱلَّذِينَ صَدَقُوا۟ ۖ وَأُو۟لَـٰٓئِكَ هُمُ ٱلْمُتَّقُونَ

It is not righteousness that ye turn your faces Towards east or West; but it is righteousness- to believe in Allah and the Last Day, and the Angels, and the Book, and the Messengers; to spend of your substance, out of love for Him, for your kin, for orphans, for the needy, for the wayfarer, for those who ask, and for the ransom of slaves; to be steadfast in prayer, and practice regular charity; to fulfil the contracts which ye have made; and to be firm and patient, in pain (or suffering) and adversity, and throughout all periods of panic. Such are the people of truth, the Allah-fearing.Abdullah Yusuf Ali, The Holy Qur’ān (1934)

1.2.1God accepted his pilgrimage—بَرَّ ٱللّٰهُ حَجَّهُ

maṣdar بِرٌّ or بُرُورٌ.

God accepted his pilgrimage—ابرّهُ

Fr allows only this form. [Though بُرَّ حَجُّهُ and عَمَلُهُ, mentioned above, are well known, as is the ism mafʿūl مَبْرُورٌ, for which see below.]

God accepted his deed, or work, as good; He approved it—ابرّ ٱللّٰهُ عَمَلُهُ
1.2.2

See also form 4, in three places.

1.3he drove sheep or goats; or he called them—بَرَّ

so Yoo.

[See also بِرٌّ below.]

Qur’ānic occurrences Form 1
2:224
وَلَا تَجْعَلُوا۟ ٱللَّهَ عُرْضَةً لِّأَيْمَـٰنِكُمْ أَن تَبَرُّوا۟ وَتَتَّقُوا۟ وَتُصْلِحُوا۟ بَيْنَ ٱلنَّاسِ ۗ وَٱللَّهُ سَمِيعٌ عَلِيمٌ

And make not Allah's (name) an excuse in your oaths against doing good, or acting rightly, or making peace between persons; for Allah is One Who heareth and knoweth all things.

60:8
لَّا يَنْهَىٰكُمُ ٱللَّهُ عَنِ ٱلَّذِينَ لَمْ يُقَـٰتِلُوكُمْ فِى ٱلدِّينِ وَلَمْ يُخْرِجُوكُم مِّن دِيَـٰرِكُمْ أَن تَبَرُّوهُمْ وَتُقْسِطُوٓا۟ إِلَيْهِمْ ۚ إِنَّ ٱللَّهَ يُحِبُّ ٱلْمُقْسِطِينَ

Allah forbids you not, with regard to those who fight you not for (your) Faith nor drive you out of your homes, from dealing kindly and justly with them: for Allah loveth those who are just.

Occurrences of this form in the Qur’ān, not Lane’s choice of verse. They show the word in use; they do not say which sense above applies. Where more occur than are shown, the shortest āyāt are chosen.

Show Lane's original text
, [first pers. بَرِرْتُ ,] aor. يَبَرُّ , (T, M, Msb,) inf. n. بِرٌّ , (M, Msb, K,) He was pious [towards his father or parents, and towards God; (see the explanations of the verb as used transitively;) and was kind, or good and affectionate and gentle in behaviour, towards his kindred; and kind, or good, in his dealings with strangers]: (Msb:) he was good, just, righteous, virtuous, or honest: (T, Msb:) [or he was amply, largely, or extensively, good or beneficent:] and he was true, or veracious. (M, Msb, K.) [Authorities differ as to the primary signification of this verb, and as to the subordinate meanings: see بِرٌّ below.] You say also, بَرَّ فِى قَوْلِهِ , (Msb, TA,) and فِى يَمِينِهِ , (S, M, Mgh, Msb, K,) first pers. بَرِرْتُ (T, A, Mgh, K) and بَرَرْتُ , (K,) aor. يَبَرُّ (M, Msb) and يَبِرٌّ , (M,) inf. n. بِرٌّ (S, M, K) and بَرٌّ , (K,) or بُرُورٌ , (Msb,) He was true, or veracious, (S, Mgh, Msb, K, TA,) in his saying, (Msb, TA,) and in his oath. (S, Mgh, Msb, K.) بَرَّ عَمَلَهُ , and بُرَّ , inf. n. بِرٌّ and بُرُورٌ ; and أَبَرَّ ; [His deed, or work, was, or proved, good; or was well, or sinlessly, performed;] all signify the same. (M.) And بُرَّ العَمَلُ , i. e. الحَجُّ , a form of benediction, said to a person come from pilgrimage, May the deed, or work, i. e. the pilgrimage, have been sinlessly performed. (TA.) And بَرَّ حَجُّهُ , (T, S, A, Msb, K,) aor. يَبَرُّ , (T,) inf. n. بِرٌّ (S, Msb,) or بُرُورٌ ; (T;) and بُرَّ حَجُّهُ , (Fr, T, S, M, K,) aor. يُبَرُّ , inf. n. بِرٌّ ; (T;) His pilgrimage was sinlessly performed: (Sh, T:) or was characterized by the giving of food, and by sweetness of speech; as explained by Mohammad himself: was accepted: was rewarded. (TA.) بَرَّ , (A, Msb, K,) aor. يَبَرُّ (T, M, K) and يَبِرُّ , (M, K,) inf. n. بِرٌّ (M, Msb, K) and بَرٌّ and بُرُورٌ , (M, K,) It (a saying, Msb, and an oath, T, A, M, Msb, K) was, or proved, true. (M, A, * Msb, * K, * TA.) [See an ex. voce أَلِيَّةٌ , in art. الو .] بَرَّتْ بِى سِلْعَتُهُ , inf. n. بِرٌّ , His commodity, or article of merchandise, was easy of sale to me, (Aboo-Sa'eed, T, A, *) and procured me gain: (A:) originally meaning it recompensed me, by its high price, for my care of it. (T.) [See also بَرَّهُ , below.] بَرَّ وَالِدَهُ , (M,) [and app. بِوَالِدِهِ , (see بَرٌّ ,)] first pers. بَرِرْتُ (S, M, Msb, K) and بَرَرْتُ , (M, K,) aor. يَبَرُّ (S, M, Msb, K) and يَبِرُّ , (M, K,) inf. n. بِرٌّ (S, M, Msb, K) and مَبَرَّةٌ (S, K, Msb *) and بُرُورٌ , (Msb,) He treated, or behaved towards, his father with filial piety, duty, or obedience; (TA;) or with ample obedience; (B;) the inf. ns. signifying the contr. of عُقُوقٌ : (S, M, A, K:) he treated, or behaved towards, his father with good obedience, and with gentleness, or courtesy, striving to do the things that were pleasing to him, and to avoid what were displeasing to him. (Msb.) And [hence, app., for accord. to the A it is tropical.] بَرَّ خَالِقَهُ , (S,) or رَبَّهُ , (A,) aor. يَبَرُّ , (S, A,) inf. n. بِرٌّ ; (T, S, M, K;) and تبرّرهُ ; (S, K; *) He obeyed his Creator, or his Lord; (S, M, * A, K; *) [was pious towards Him;] served Him; rendered religious service to Him: (TA:) or rendered Him ample obedience: the obedience here meant is of two kinds; namely, that of belief and that of works; and both these kinds are meant by البِرّ in the Kur ii. 172. (B.) [And app. بَرَّتْ وَلَدَهَا , or بِوَلَدِهَا , She behaved with maternal affection towards her child, or offspring. (See بَرٌّ .)] And بَرَّهُ , (M,) and بَرَّ رَحِمَهُ , (T,) first pers. بَرِرْتُ , (T, M,) inf. n. بِرٌّ , (T, M, K,) He behaved towards him, and towards his kindred, or relations, with kindness, or goodness and affection and gentleness, and regard for his, or their, circumstances; syn. وَصَلَهُ [and وَصَلَهُمْ ]: (T, M, K:) such is said to be the signification of the verb as use in the Kur lx. 8. (M, B, TA. [See also 3.]) And اَللّٰهُ يَبَرُّ عِبَادَهُ God is merciful to his servants: (M, TA:) or بَرَّهُ , inf. n. بِرٌّ , said of God, means He recompensed him, or rewarded him, for his obedience. (B, TA.) [ بَرَّهُ بِكَذَا (occurring in the S and K in explanation of أَلْطَفَهُ بِكَذَا ) may be rendered He showed kindness, &c., to him by such a thing, or such an action, &c.: and also he presented him with such a thing; like وَصَلَهُ بِكَذَا .] بَرَّ ٱللّٰهُ حَجَّهُ , (T, S, Msb,) aor. يَبَرُّ , (Msb,) inf. n. بِرٌّ , (S,) or بُرُورٌ , (Msb,) God accepted his pilgrimage; (S, Msb;) as also ابرّهُ : (T, S, M, Msb:) the latter alone is allowed by Fr: (M, TA:) [though بُرَّ حَجُّهُ and عَمَلُهُ , mentioned above, are well known; as is the pass. part. n. مَبْرُورٌ , which see below:] and one says, [in like manner,] ابرّ ٱللّٰهُ عَمَلُهُ [God accepted his deed, or work, as good; approved it]. (M.) See also 4, in three places. بَرَّ , (TK,) inf. n. بِرٌّ , (S, K,) He drove sheep or goats: (IAar, S, K:) or he called them. (Yoo.) [See also بِرٌّ below.]
Form 3بارّهُ1 sense
maṣdarمُبَارَّةٌ

Core sense — he behaved towards him with kindness, affection and gentlenessgenerated

3.1

He behaved towards him with kindness, goodness, affection and gentleness, and regard for his circumstances; or he did so, receiving the same behaviour from him., synonymous with the maṣdar مُلَاطَفَةٌ.

In the article لطف only the maṣdar is mentioned. [See also form 1.]

Show Lane's original text
, inf. n. مُبَارَّةٌ , He behaved towards him with kindness, or goodness and affection and gentleness, and regard for his circumstances; or he did so, experiencing from him the same behaviour; syn. of the inf. n. مُلَاطَفَةٌ . (S and K in art. لطف : but only the inf. n. is there mentioned. [See also 1.])
Form 4ابرّ عَمَلُهُ7 senses · 4 main
maṣdarإِبْرَارٌ بِرٌّmuḍāriʿيَبُرُّ

Core sense — he performed the saying or oath truly; he overcame them; he journeyed by landgenerated

4.1

See form 1.

4.2

ابرّ حَجَّهُ and عَمَلَهُ: see form 1, near the end of that paragraph.

4.2.1he carried out the saying, and the oath, truly—ابرّ القَوْلَ
he carried out the saying, and the oath, truly—اليَمِينَ

According to El-Ahmar one also says بَرِرْتُ قَسَمِى, but no one else asserts this.

4.2.2God verified his oath—ابرٱللّٰهُ قَسَمَهُ

.

God verified his oath—بَرَّهُ

.

4.2.3such a one assented, or consented, to the conjurement of such a one—ابرّ فُلَانٌ قَسَمَ فُلَانٍ

أَحْنَثُهُ means he did not assent, or consent, to it.

4.3he overcame them; he subdued them by good or other actions, by deeds or words—ابرّ عَلَيْهِمْ
he was refractory, or stubborn, and overcame them—بَرَّهُمْ

maṣdar as above.

.

he overcame his adversary—ابرّ عَلَى خَصْمِهِ
he overcame them in evil—ابرّ عَلَيْهِمْ شَرًّا

Hence ابرّ is used in the sense of فَجَرَ [he transgressed, and the like], as in the saying of a poet: [Then I do not care who acts wickedly and who transgresses]

shāhid
فَلَسْتُ أُبَالِى مَنْ أَبَرَّ وَ مَنْ فَجَرْ

.

4.4he rode, or journeyed, upon the land—ابرّ

From بَرٌّ.

Opposed to أَبْحَرَ.

Show Lane's original text
: see 1. ابرّ حَجَّهُ , and عَمَلَهُ : see 1, near the end of the paragraph. ابرّ القَوْلَ , (Msb,) and اليَمِينَ , (T, M, A, Mgh, Msb, K,) He executed, or performed, the saying, and the oath, truly. (M, A, Mgh, Msb, K.) Accord. to El-Ahmar, one also says, بَرِرْتُ قَسَمِى ; but none other asserts this. (T, TA.) ابرٱللّٰهُ قَسَمَهُ , (T, TA,) inf. n. إِبْرَارٌ ; and بَرَّهُ , inf. n. بِرٌّ ; God verified his oath. (TA.) ابرّ فُلَانٌ قَسَمَ فُلَانٍ Such a one assented, or consented, to the conjurement of such a one: أَحْنَثُهُ signifies “ he assented not, ” or “ consented not, thereto. ” (T, TA.) ابرّ عَلَيْهِمْ , (S, M, K,) inf. n. as above, (T, TA,) He overcame them: (T, S, M, K:) he subdued them, or overcame them, by good or other actions; (TA;) by actions or sayings; (TA;) as also بَرَّهُمْ , aor. يَبُرُّ : (T, K, TA:) he was refractory, or stubborn, and overcame them. (TA, from a trad.) You say, ابرّ عَلَى خَصْمِهِ [He overcame his adversary]. (A.) And ابرّ عَلَيْهِمْ شَرًّا [He overcame them in evil]: and hence ابرّ is used in the sense of فَجَرَ [he transgressed, &c.]; as in the saying of a poet, 1 [Then I care not who acts wickedly and who transgresses]. (IAar, M.) فَلَسْتُ أُبَالِى مَنْ أَبَرَّ وَ مَنْ فَجَرْ ابرّ [from بَرٌّ ] He rode, or journeyed, upon the land. (ISk, S, A, K.) Opposed to أَبْحَرَ . (A.)
Form 5تبرّر3 senses · 2 main

Core sense — he affected filial piety; he kept clear of singenerated

5.1

[He affected, or tried to make himself characterized by, بِرّ, that is, filial piety and the like.]

5.1.1you have kept clear of crime, or sin, in our affair, business, or case—قَدْ تَبَرَّرْتَ فِى أَمْرِنَا
5.2

تبرّر خَالِقَهُ: see form 1.

Show Lane's original text
[He affected, or endeavoured to characterize himself by, بِرّ , i. e. filial piety, &c.]. قَدْ تَبَرَّرْتَ فِى أَمْرِنَا Thou hast abstained from crime, or sin, or the like, in our affair, or business, or case. (T, TA.) تبرّر خَالِقَهُ : see 1.
Form 6تبارّوا1 sense

Core sense — they treated one another with kindness and affectiongenerated

6.1

They practised mutual بِرّ [meaning kindness, goodness, affection and gentleness, and regard for each other's circumstances].

Show Lane's original text
They practised mutual بِرّ [meaning kindness, or goodness and affection and gentleness, and regard for each other's circumstances]. (S.)
Form R. Q. 1بَرْبَرَ2 senses · 1 main
maṣdarبَرْبَرَةٌ

Core sense — he talked much and noisily, raising a clamourgenerated

R. Q. 1.1he was profuse and unprofitable in his talk—بَرْبَرَ فِى كَلَامِهِ

he talked much and raised a clamour, or confused noise, with his tongue; he cried out and talked in anger, or talked confusedly, with anger and dislike.

R. Q. 1.1.1

Also, with the same maṣdar: he (a goat) uttered a cry or cries, [or rattled,] being excited by desire of the female.

Show Lane's original text
, inf. n. بَرْبَرَةٌ , He talked much, and raised a clamour, or confused noise, (M, K,) with his tongue: (M:) he cried, or cried out, (S, K,) and talked in anger, (S,) or talked confusedly, with anger and aversion. (TA.) And بَرْبَرَ فِى كَلَامِهِ He was profuse and unprofitable in his talk. (Fr.) Also, inf. n. as above, He (a goat) uttered a cry or cries, [or rattled,] (M, K,) being excited by desire of the female. (M.)

Derived nouns 22

Nounبَرٌّ8 senses · 2 main

Core sense — pious, dutiful, and truthful; land, as opposed to sea; desertgenerated

1figurative · مجاز — inferredpious, good, just, righteous, virtuous, or honest; true, or veracious—بَارٌّ

This word is originally بَرِرٌ; it, like the other word, is applied to one pious towards his father or parents and towards God, obedient to God and serving Him [see form 1], kind and good and affectionate and gentle towards his kindred, and good in his dealings with strangers. Both also mean abounding in بِرّ [filial piety and the like].

The first of the two is [said to be] a stronger adjective than the second, as عَدْلٌ is stronger than عَادِلٌ. [But its plural shows that it is not, like عَدْلٌ, originally a maṣdar: it is a regular contraction of بَرِرٌ, as بَارٌّ is of بَارِرٌ.]

The feminine of each is formed with ة; the plural is أَبْرَاٌ and بَرَرَةٌ. The first plural is often applied specially to saints, those who abstain from worldly pleasures, and devotees; the second, to the recording angels.

I am dutiful and obedient to my father—أَنَا بَرٌّ بِوَالِدِى
I am dutiful and obedient to my father—بَارٌّ
the mother is affectionate to her child, or offspring—الأُمُّ بَرَّةٌ بِوَلَدِهَا
a man who treats his kindred with kindness, affection and gentleness, and regard for their circumstances—رَجُلٌ بَرٌّ بِذِى قَرَابَتِهِ
a man who treats his kindred with kindness, affection and gentleness, and regard for their circumstances—بَارٌّ
a man who treats his brethren with goodness, affection and gentleness, and gladdens them—رَجُلٌ بَرٌّ سَرٌّ

This form is mentioned on the authority of Kr, but some disallow it.

Plural بَرُّونَ سَرُّونَ; in the article سر.

true, or veracious, in a saying, and in an oath—بَرٌّ فِى قَوْلٍ
true, or veracious, in a saying, and in an oath—فِى يَمِينٍ
true, or veracious, in a saying, and in an oath—بَارٌّ
a true oath; an oath that proves true—يَمِينٌ بَرَّةٌ
a true oath; an oath that proves true—بَارَّةٌ
the Merciful, or Compassionate; the Very Benign to His servants; the Ample in goodness or beneficence—البَرُّ

Also a name of God. البَارُّ is not so used.

wipe yourselves with the dust, or earth, for it is kind to you—تَمَسَّحُوا بِالأَرْضِ فَإِنَّهَا بَرَّةٌ بِكُمْ

From a tradition; said of performing the ceremony termed التَّيَمُّمُ. It is kind to you as a mother is to her children: that is, you are created from it, in it are your means of subsistence, and to it you return after death; or the meaning is that your tents, or houses, stand upon it, and you are buried in it.

2land—بَرٌّ

Opposed to بَحْرٌ [as meaning sea and the like]. From بِرٌّ, meaning ampleness, largeness, or extensiveness: Esh-Shiháb El-Khafájee; or this word is the original of that one.

by land and by sea—بَرًّا وَ بَحْرًا
2.1and He knows what is in the desert, and the towns or villages in which there is water, or which are upon the rivers—وَ يَعْلَمُ مَا فِى البَرِّ وَ البَحْرِ

A desert, or deserts; a waste, or wastes. [See also بَرِّيَّةٌ under بَرِّيٌّ.]

So according to Mujáhid [and the Jel] in the words of the Qur'ān 6:59.

the plants, or herbage, of the desert or waste; the wild plants or herbage—نَبَاتُ البَرِّ
honey of the desert; wild honey—عَسَلُ البَرِّ
the animal, or animals, of the desert; the wild animal or animals—حَيَوَانُ البَرِّ
2.2

A wide tract of land.

Lane cites “Bd in ii. 41” — a commentary, not the verse; no modern number is given
2.3

The open country; opposed to بَحْرٌ as meaning the cities, or towns, upon the rivers: see that word.

2.4

Elevated ground, open to view.

2.5I sat outside the house—جَلَسْتُ بَرًّا

The tract, or part, out of doors, where one is exposed to view; the opposite of كِنٌّ. Used by the Arabs indeterminately, [without the article ال].

I went out of the [house or] town, or into the desert—خَرَجْتُ بَرًّا

on this sense Az says these are post-classical phrases, which he had not heard from the chaste-speaking Arabs of the desert.

2.6I want concealment, or secrecy, and he wants publicity—أَرِيدُ جَوًّا وَ يُرِيدُ بَرًّا
Qur’ānic occurrences بَرّ 5 shown of 22
19:14
وَبَرًّۢا بِوَٰلِدَيْهِ وَلَمْ يَكُن جَبَّارًا عَصِيًّا

And kind to his parents, and he was not overbearing or rebellious.

80:16
كِرَامٍۭ بَرَرَةٍ

Honourable and Pious and Just.

82:13
إِنَّ ٱلْأَبْرَارَ لَفِى نَعِيمٍ

As for the Righteous, they will be in bliss;

83:18
كَلَّآ إِنَّ كِتَـٰبَ ٱلْأَبْرَارِ لَفِى عِلِّيِّينَ

Nay, verily the record of the Righteous is (preserved) in 'Illiyin.

83:22
إِنَّ ٱلْأَبْرَارَ لَفِى نَعِيمٍ

Truly the Righteous will be in Bliss:

Occurrences of this form in the Qur’ān, not Lane’s choice of verse. They show the word in use; they do not say which sense above applies. Where more occur than are shown, the shortest āyāt are chosen.

Show Lane's original text
[originally بَرِرٌ ] (M, Msb, K) and بَارٌّ (Msb) Pious [towards his father or parents, and towards God; obedient to God, serving God, or rendering religious service to God; (see 1;) and kind, or good and affectionate and gentle in behaviour, towards his kindred; and good in his dealings with strangers]; good, just, righteous, virtuous, or honest: (Msb:) true, or veracious: (M, Msb, K:) and both signify also abounding in بِرّ [or filial piety, &c.]: (K:) the former is [said to be] a stronger epithet than the latter, like as عَدْلٌ is stronger than عَادِلٌ : (B:) [but its pl. shows that it is not, like عَدْلٌ , originally an inf. n.: it is a regular contraction of بَرِرٌ , like as بَارٌّ is of بَارِرٌ :] the fem. of each is with ة : (Lh, M:) the pl. (of the former, S, M, Msb, or of the latter, B) is أَبْرَاٌ ; and (of the latter, S, M, Msb, or of the former, B) بَرَرَةٌ : (S, M, Msb, K:) the former pl. is often specially applied to saints, those who abstain from worldly pleasures, and devotees; and the latter, to the recording angels. (B.) You say, أَنَا بَرٌّ بِوَالِدِى , and بَارٌّ , I am characterized by filial piety, dutifulness, or obedience, to my father: (S, M, A: *) the latter is mentioned on the authority of Kr; but some disallow it. (M, TA.) And الأُمُّ بَرَّةٌ بِوَلَدِهَا [The mother is maternally affectionate to her child, or offspring]. (S.) And رَجُلٌ بَرٌّ بِذِى قَرَابَتِهِ , and بَارٌّ , A man who behaves towards his kindred with kindness, or goodness and affection and gentleness, and regard for their circumstances. (T.) And رَجُلٌ بَرٌّ سَرٌّ A man who treats with goodness and affection and gentleness, and rejoices, or gladdens, his brethren: pl. بَرُّونَ سَرُّونَ . (S, * K, * TA, in art. سر .) And بَرٌّ فِى قَوْلٍ , and فِى يَمِينٍ , and بَارٌّ , True, or veracious, in a saying, and in an oath. (Msb.) And يَمِينٌ بَرَّةٌ and بَارَّةٌ [A true oath; or an oath that proves true]. (Ham p. 811.) البَرُّ is also a name of God; (M, K;) meaning The Merciful, or Compassionate: (M:) or the Very Benign to his servants; (IAth;) the Ample in goodness or beneficence: (B:) البَارُّ is not so used. (IAth.) It is said in a trad., تَمَسَّحُوا بِالأَرْضِ فَإِنَّهَا بَرَّةٌ بِكُمْ Wipe yourselves with the dust, or earth, [in performing the ceremony termed التَّيَمُّمُ ,] for it is benignant towards you, like as the mother is to her children; meaning, ye are created from it, and in it are your means of subsistence, and to it ye return after death: (IAth:) or the meaning is, that your tents, or houses, are upon it, and ye are buried in it. (M.) بَرٌّ Land; opposed to بَحْرٌ [as meaning “ sea ” and the like]: (S, Msb, K:) from بِرٌّ signifying “ ampleness, ” “ largeness, ” or “ extensiveness; ” (Esh-Shiháb [El-Khafájee], MF;) or the former word is the original of the latter. (B, TA. [See the latter word.]) [Hence, بَرًّا وَ بَحْرًا By land and by sea.] A desert, or deserts; a waste, or wastes. (T, TA. [See also بَرِّيَّةٌ , voce بَرِّيٌّ .]) So, accord. to Mujáhid [and the Jel] in words of the Kur [vi. 59], وَ يَعْلَمُ مَا فِى البَرِّ وَ البَحْرِ And He knoweth what is in the desert, or deserts, and the towns, or villages, in which is water, (T, TA,) or which are upon the rivers. (Jel.) [So too in the phrase نَبَاتُ البَرِّ The plants, or herbage, of the desert or waste; the wild plants or herbage. And عَسَلُ البَرِّ Honey of the desert; wild honey. And حَيَوَانُ البَرِّ The animal, or animals, of the desert; the wild animal or animals.] A wide tract of land. (Bd in ii. 41.) [The open country; opposed to بَحْرٌ as meaning the “ cities, ” or “ towns, ” “ upon the rivers: ” see the latter word.] Elevated ground, open to view. (T.) The tract, or part, out of doors, or where one is exposed to view; contr. of كِنٌّ : used by the Arabs indeterminately; [without the article ال ;] as in the phrase, جَلَسْتُ بَرًّا (Lth, T) meaning I sat outside the house; (A;) and خَرَجْتُ بَرًّا (Lth, T) meaning I went forth outside the [house or] town, (A,) or into the desert: (TA:) but [Az says,] these are post-classical phrases, which I have not heard from the chaste-speaking Arabs of the desert. (T.) You say also, أَرِيدُ جَوًّا وَ يُرِيدُ بَرًّا I desire concealment, or secrecy, and he desires publicity. (A.)
Nounبُرٌّ1 sense

Core sense — wheat; the grain of wheatgenerated

1he, or it, is shorter than a grain of wheat—هُوَ أَقْصَرُ مِنْ برَّةٍ

Wheat, and the grain of wheat; synonymous with قَمْحٌ or حِنْطَةٌ, but a more chaste word than قَمْحٌ.

حِنْطَةٌ is the plural of بُرَّةٌ; or [rather] بُرَّةٌ is the ism waḥda [meaning a grain of wheat, like قَمْحَةٌ].

The plural of بُرٌّ is أَبْرَارٌ; or this plural is allowable on the ground of analogy according to Mbr, but Sb disallows it.

From a proverb.

he fed us with bread—أَطْعمَنَا ٱبْنَ بُرَّةٍ
Show Lane's original text
Wheat; and the grain of wheat; syn. قَمْحٌ , (S, * Msb,) or حِنْطَةٌ ; (M, K;) but it is a more chaste word than قَمْحٌ and حِنْطَةٌ : (M:) pl. of بُرَّةٌ ; (S, M;) or [rather] بُرَّةٌ is the n. un. [signifying a grain of wheat, like قَمْحَةٌ ]: (IDrd, Msb:) the pl. of بُرٌّ is أَبْرَارٌ ; (K;) or this pl. is allowable on the ground of analogy, accord. to Mbr, but is disallowed by Sb. (S.) It is said in a prov., (TA,) هُوَ أَقْصَرُ مِنْ برَّةٍ [He, or it, is shorter than a grain of wheat]. (A, TA.) And you say, أَطْعمَنَا ٱبْنَ بُرَّةٍ He fed us with bread. (A.)
Nounبِرٌّ4 senses · 1 main

Core sense — piety and dutiful kindness; goodness, beneficence; obedience to Godgenerated

1

The maṣdar of form 1. Some say it primarily means ampleness, largeness, or extensiveness — whence بَرٌّ as opposed to بَحْرٌ; then:

1.1figurative · مجازbut the pious, or obedient to God, is he who believes in God—لُكِنَّ البِرَّ مَنْ آمَنَ بِاٱللّٰهِ

Benevolent and solicitous regard, treatment, or conduct [to parents and others; that is, piety to parents, and towards God]; goodness, or beneficence; kindness, good and affectionate and gentle behaviour, and regard for the circumstances of another. Esh-Shiháb El-Khafájee.

Or بَرٌّ, as opposed to بَحْرٌ [or as meaning a wide tract of land], is the original of بِرٌّ, which means ample, large, or extensive goodness or beneficence to men — so Z (though he regards it as the original of بَرٌّ), and Bd, and B; or goodness comprehending every kind.

Hence it is said to be in three things: in the service of God; in paying regard to relations and acting well to them; and in dealing with strangers. Bd.

Or every deed that is approved: and [particularly] obedience to God [see also بَرَّةُ]: [and every incumbent duty: and hence,] the pilgrimage to Mekkeh: and fidelity to an engagement.

Also a gratuitous gift, or favour; a bounty, or benefit; synonymous with فَضْلٌ and إِحْسَانٌ, and so also مَبَرَّةٌ [a maṣdar, but when used as a simple noun its plural is مَبَارٌ and مَبَرَّاتٌ].

In the Qur'ān 2:172; by البرّ is meant ذَا البِرِّ, and some read البَارَّ. Or the meaning is لكنّ البِرَّ بِرُّ من آمن با للّٰه, that is, but the obedience one should be mindful of is the obedience of him who believes in God — Sb, IJ; and this explanation is better than the first.

he does not know one who dislikes him from one who treats him kindly—لَا يَعْرِفُ هِرًّا مِنْ بِرٍ

From a proverb; in the T and M مَا is put in the place of لا.

Or the meaning is: undutiful conduct to a parent from gentleness, or courtesy (El-Fezáree); or altercation, dislike, or hatred from honourable treatment; or the calling of sheep or goats from the driving of them; or the driving of them from the calling of them (Yoo); or the calling of them to water from the calling of them to fodder.

This last rendering agrees with IAar's explanation of بِرٌّ; and بِرْبِرٌ also has the meaning here given to بِرٌّ. Or الهَرْهَرَة from البَرْبَرَة, that is, the crying of sheep from the crying of goats; or the cat from the rat, or mouse.

بِرٌّ also means the species of rat called جُرَذ — Aboo-Tálib; or a small animal resembling the rat or mouse; and the young of the fox.

Lane cites “Bd in ii. 41” — a commentary, not the verse; no modern number is given
Lane cites “Bd in ii. 41” — a commentary, not the verse; no modern number is given
Lane cites “Bd in ii. 172” — a commentary, not the verse; no modern number is given
1.2keep to truth, for it guides to good, or to a good, right state—عَليْكُمْ بِالصِّدْقِ فَإِنَّهُ يَهْدِى إِلَى البِرِّ

Also good, as a noun, not an adjective; synonymous with خَيْرٌ, which covers everything that has been said in explanation of بِرٌّ.

From a saying of Mohammad; some render the word here by الخَيْر, and some by الصَّلَاح.

It also means the good of the present life, consisting in spiritual and worldly blessings, and of the life to come, consisting in everlasting enjoyment in Paradise: so in the Qur'ān 3:86: or simply Paradise.

Qur’ān 3:93 approximate — somewhere between 3:64 and 3:112 Lane cites “Kur iii. 86”
Qur’ān 3:92 located by this root inside the range Lane’s citation allows
لَن تَنَالُوا۟ ٱلْبِرَّ حَتَّىٰ تُنفِقُوا۟ مِمَّا تُحِبُّونَ ۚ وَمَا تُنفِقُوا۟ مِن شَىْءٍ فَإِنَّ ٱللَّهَ بِهِۦ عَلِيمٌ

By no means shall ye attain righteousness unless ye give (freely) of that which ye love; and whatever ye give, of a truth Allah knoweth it well.Abdullah Yusuf Ali, The Holy Qur’ān (1934)

1.3he is quiet, or at rest, in heart, or mind—هُوَ مُطْمَئِنُّ البِرِّ

Also the heart, or the mind.

Show Lane's original text
inf. n. of 1: (T, S, M, &c.:) it is said by some to signify primarily Ampleness, largeness, or extensiveness; whence بَرٌّ as opposed to بَحْرٌ : then, Benevolent and solicitous regard or treatment or conduct [to parents and others; i. e. piety to parents; and towards God]: and goodness, or beneficence: and kindness, or good and affectionate and gentle behaviour, and regard for the circumstances of another: (Esh-Shiháb [El-Khafájee], MF:) or بَرٌّ , as opposed to بَحْرٌ , [or as signifying “ a wide tract of land, ” (Bd in ii. 41,)] is the original of بِرٌّ , (Bd in ii. 41, B, TA,) which signifies ample, large, or extensive, goodness or beneficence, (Z, in the Ksh, ii. 41, [but he regards it as the original of بَرٌّ ,] and Bd on the same passage, and B, K, TA,) to men; (TA;) or comprehending every kind of goodness: (Ksh and Bd ubi suprà:) and hence it is said to be in three things: in the service of God: in paying regard to relations; acting well to them: and in dealing with strangers: (Bd ubi suprà:) or every deed that is approved: (Ksh and Bd in ii. 172:) and [particularly] obedience to God: (T, S, M, &c.: [see also بَرَّةُ :]) [and every incumbent duty: and hence,] the pilgrimage to Mekkeh: (K:) and fidelity to an engagement: (TA:) also a gratuitous gift, or favour; and a bounty, or benefit; syn. فَضْلٌ ; (Msb;) and إِحْسَانٌ ; as also مَبَرَّةٌ [an inf. n., but when used as a simple subst. its pl. is مَبَارٌ and مَبَرَّاتٌ ]. (Har p. 94.) In the Kur [ii. 172], where it is said, لُكِنَّ البِرَّ مَنْ آمَنَ بِاٱللّٰهِ , by البرّ is meant ذَا البِرِّ [i. e. But the pious, or obedient to God, is he who believeth in God]; (T, M, Ksh, Bd, Jel;) and some read البَارَّ : (Ksh, Bd, Jel:) or the meaning is, لكنّ البِرَّ بِرُّ من آمن با للّٰه i. e. but the obedience of which it behooveth one to be mindful is the obedience of him who believeth in God: (Sb, T, IJ, M, Ksh, Bd:) and this explanation is preferable to the former. (Bd.) It is said in a prov., (T, S,) لَا يَعْرِفُ هِرًّا مِنْ بِرٍ , (S, A, K, but in the T and M مَا is put in the place of لا ,) meaning He knows not him who dislikes him, or hates him, from him who behaves towards him with kindness, or goodness and affection and gentleness, and regard for his circumstances: (S, M, A, K, * TA:) or undutiful conduct to a parent from gentleness, or courtesy: (ElFezáree, T, K:) or altercation, (T,) or dislike, or hatred, (K,) from honourable treatment: (T, K:) or the calling of sheep, or goats, from the driving of them: (IAar, S, K:) or the driving of sheep, or goats, from the calling of them: (Yoo, T:) or the calling of them to water from the calling of them to fodder; (K;) which last rendering is agreeable with an explanation of بِرٌّ by IAar [mentioned in the T]; (TA;) and بِرْبِرٌ , also, has the signification here assigned to بِرٌّ : (K, * TA:) or الهَرْهَرَة from البَرْبَرَة ; (A'Obeyd, T, K;) i. e. the crying of sheep from the crying of goats: (A'Obeyd, T:) or the cat from the rat, or mouse: (IAar, T, M, K:) and بِرٌّ also signifies the [species of rat called] جُرَذ : (Aboo-Tálib, T, K:) or a small animal resembling the rat or mouse: (M:) and the young of the fox. (K.) Also Good, as a subst., not an adj.; syn. خَيْرٌ ; (Sh, T, Mgh, Msb, K;) which comprises all that has been said in explanation of بِرٌّ (Sh, T, Mgh) as used in the saying of Mohammad, عَليْكُمْ بِالصِّدْقِ فَإِنَّهُ يَهْدِى إِلَى البِرِّ [Keep ye to truth; for it guides to good, or to a good, or right, state]: some render it in this instance by الخَيْر ; and some, by الصَّلَاح . (Sh, T.) It signifies also The good of the present life, consisting in spiritual and worldly blessings, and of that which is to come, consisting in everlasting enjoyment in Paradise: so in the Kur iii. 86: (T:) or [simply] Paradise. (K.) Also The heart; or the mind. (K.) So in the saying, هُوَ مُطْمَئِنُّ البِرِّ [He is quiet, or at rest, in heart, or mind]. (TA.)
Nounبَرَّةُ1 sense

Core sense — obedience, dutiful piety, used as a proper namegenerated

1

A noun in the sense of البِرُّ, meaning obedience and the like; it is determinate, being a proper name, and for that reason, together with its being feminine, it is imperfectly declined.

[It is opposed to فَجَارِ. See a verse of En-Nábighah in the first paragraph of the article حمل.]

Show Lane's original text
a subst. in the sense of البِرُّ , (S, M, K,) meaning Obedience [&c.]; (K;) determinate, (S, K,) being a proper name; for which reason, combined with its being of the fem. gender, it is imperfectly decl. (M.) [It is opposed to فَجَارِ . See a verse of En-Nábighah in the first paragraph of art. حمل .]
Nounبَرِيرٌ1 sense

Core sense — the fruit of a certain tree, especially when first appearing and sweetgenerated

1

[A collective noun.] The fruit of the أَرَاك in a general sense; or the first of it, when it first appears and is sweet; or when it has become hard.

Or when its berries are larger than those of what is termed كَبَاث and its clusters smaller; having a round, small, hard stone, a little larger than the حِمَّص, its cluster filling the hand.

Ism waḥda formed with ة.

Show Lane's original text
[a coll. gen. n.] The fruit of the أَرَاك [q. v.], (S, M,) in a general sense: (M:) or the first thereof; (K;) [i. e.] the first that appears, or when it first appears, and is sweet: (M:) or when it has become hard: (Msb:) or when it is larger in its berries ( حَبّ ) than such as is termed كَبَاث , and smaller in its clusters; having a round, small, hard stone, a little larger than the حِمَّص ; its cluster filling the hand: (AHn, M:) n. un. with ة . (AHn, S, M, Msb.)
Nounبُرَّى1 sense

Core sense — a good, sweet, or pleasant word or sayinggenerated

1

A good, sweet, or pleasant word, expression, or saying: from بِرٌّ, meaning benevolent and solicitous regard, treatment, or conduct.

Show Lane's original text
A good, sweet, or pleasant, word or expression or saying: (K:) from بِرٌّ signifying “ benevolent and solicitous regard or treatment or conduct. ” (TA.)
Nounبَرِّىٌّ3 senses · 1 main

Core sense — of the land; of the desert, wild, uncultivatedgenerated

1

Of, belonging to, or relating to the land, as opposed to the sea or a great river.

1.1

And of, belonging to, or relating to the desert or waste; growing, living, or produced in the desert or waste; wild, or in an uncultivated state.

1.2uncultivated land, without seed-produce and unfruitful; without green herbs or leguminous plants and without water—أَرْضٌ بَرِّيَّةٌ

The opposite of رِيفِيَّةٌ.

a desert; a waste; a spacious tract of ground without herbage—بَرَّيَّةٌ

Synonymous with صَحْرَآءُ [see also بَرٌّ]; or a tract nearer to the desert than to water.

a desert; a waste; a spacious tract of ground without herbage—بَرِّيتٌ

This is a variation of the form before it, the ى being made sākin and the ة therefore changed into ت, as in عِفْرِيتٌ, originally عِفْرِيَةٌ, a relative noun from بَرٌّ.

[But some write that last word بِرِّيتٌ, and it is said that] بِرِّيتُ — in the T and K under the article برت — of the same measure as سِكِّيتٌ, means flat, even, or level land; or barren, flat, even, or level land. A poet says: [A barren, flat land, after which is a second barren, flat land]

shāhid
بِرِّيتُ أَرْضٍ بَعْدَهَا بِرِّيتُ

.

ISd says that بِرِّيتٌ, in a poem of Ru-beh, is of the measure فِعْلِيتٌ, from البَرُّ, and that the article برت is not the place in which it should be mentioned.

Lth says that البَرِّيتُ is a noun derived from البَرِّيَّةُ, the ى becoming sākin and the ة becoming an inseparable ت, as though it were a radical letter, as in the case of عِفْرِيَةٌ, which thus becomes عِفْرِيتٌ.

The plural of برّيّة is بَرَارِىُّ, and that of برّيت is بَرَارِيتُ.

Show Lane's original text
[ Of, or belonging to, or relating to, the land as opposed to the sea or a great river. And Of, or belonging to, or relating to, the desert or waste; growing, or living, or produced, in the desert or waste; wild, or in an uncultivated state. And hence,] أَرْضٌ بَرِّيَّةٌ Uncultivated land; without seed-produce, and unfruitful; without green herbs or leguminous plants and without waters; contr. of رِيفِيَّةٌ . (IAar, M, K. *) And, simply, بَرَّيَّةٌ , (S, M, A, Msb, K,) and بَرِّيتٌ , (A'Obeyd, IAar, Sh, S, K,) the latter a variation of the former, the ى being made quiescent, and the ة therefore being changed into ت , as in عِفْرِيتٌ , originally عِفْرِيَةٌ , (S,) a rel. n. from بَرٌّ , (Sh, T, Msb,) A desert; a waste; a spacious tract of ground without herbage; syn. صَحْرَآءُ : (S, M, A, Msb, K:) [see also بَرٌّ :] or a tract nearer to the desert ( البَرّ ) than it is to water: (Sh, T:) [but some write the latter word بِرِّيتٌ ; and it is said that] بِرِّيتُ , (T and K in art. برت ,) of the same measure as سِكِّيتٌ , (K in that art.,) signifies flat, even, or level, land: (T, K:) or a barren, flat, even, or level, land: a poet says, 1 [A barren, flat land, after which is a second barren, flat land]: (T:) ISd says that بِرِّيتٌ , in a poem of Ru-beh, [from which the ex. given above is probably taken,] is of the measure فِعْلِيتٌ from البَرُّ ; and that art. برت is not the place in which it should be mentioned: (TA:) Lth says, البَرِّيتُ is a noun derived from البَرِّيَّةُ ; the ى becoming quiescent, and the ة becoming an inseparable ت , as though it were a radical letter, as in the case of عِفْرِيَةٌ , which thus becomes عِفْرِيتٌ : (T, TA:) the pl. of برّيّة is بَرَارِىُّ ; and that of برّيت is بَرَارِيتُ . (S.) بِرِّيتُ أَرْضٍ بَعْدَهَا بِرِّيتُ
Nounبَرِّيَّةٌ1 sense

Core sense — a desert, a wastegenerated

1

This word, بَرِّيتٌ and بِرِّيتٌ: see بَرِّىٌّ.

Show Lane's original text
and بَرِّيتٌ and بِرِّيتٌ : see بَرِّىٌّ .
Nounبَرَّارٌ1 sense

Core sense — a possessor of wheatgenerated

1

Meaning a possessor of بُرّ, that is, wheat: though it agrees with the prevailing analogy, it is not allowable, since usage does not sanction it.

Show Lane's original text
as signifying A possessor of بُرّ , i. e. wheat, though agreeable with prevailing analogy, is not allowable, not being sanctioned by usage. (Sb, M.)
Nounبَرَّانِىٌّ1 sense

Core sense — external, outward; apparent, publicgenerated

1whoever makes his inner self good, God will make his outward self good—مَنْ أَصْلَحَ جَوَّانِيَّهُ أَصْلَحَ ٱللّٰهُ بَرَّانِيَّهُ

External, or outward; apparent; public.

A saying of Selmán; the inner man is سَرِيرَتَهُ, the outward man عَلَانِيَتَهُ.

بَرَّانِىٌّ is a relative noun, irregularly formed, from بَرٌّ, meaning elevated ground open to view; and جَوَّانِىٌّ is from جَوٌّ, meaning any low, or depressed, part of the ground.

he opened the outer door—افْتَتَحَ البَابَ البَرَّانِىَّ
Show Lane's original text
External; or outward: apparent; public. (T.) Hence the saying of Selmán, (T,) مَنْ أَصْلَحَ جَوَّانِيَّهُ أَصْلَحَ ٱللّٰهُ بَرَّانِيَّهُ (T, A, K) Whoso maketh his inner man ( سَرِيرَتَهُ ) to be good, God will make his outward man ( عَلَانِيَتَهُ ) to be good. (T.) بَرَّانِىٌّ is a rel. n., irregularly formed, (K,) from بَرٌّ signifying “ elevated ground, open to view; ” and جَوَّانِىٌّ , from جَوٌّ signifying “ any low, or depressed, part of the ground. ” (T.) You say, افْتَتَحَ البَابَ البَرَّانِىَّ He opened the outer door. (A.)
Nounبَرْبَرُ1 sense

Core sense — a certain people of northern Africa, the Berbersgenerated

1

Or البَرْبَرُ [a collective proper name, whose ism waḥda, or relative noun, is بَرْبَرِىٌّ]: a foreign word, probably of African origin, arabicized; or, as some say, from بَرْبَرَةٌ in speech.

البَرَابِرَةُ is the plural of بَرْبَرُ, or of البَرْبَرُ [or of بَرْبَرِىٌّ, in agreement with what follows and with analogy], the ة being added because the singular is a foreign word, or a relative noun; but it may be dropped, [so that one may say البَرَابِرُ].

A certain people, of the inhabitants of El-Maghrib [northern Africa west of Egypt], like the Arabs of the desert in hardness and coarseness or rudeness, and in slightness of religion and littleness of knowledge; and another people, [the Colobi mentioned by Diodorus Siculus and Strabo,] between the Abyssinians and the Zinj, who amputate [the glans of] the penis and make it a dowry for a wife.

There are various opinions about the origins of these races. The name البَرَابِرَةُ, singular بَرْبَرِىٌّ, is also applied by later historians, and today, to the races living in the part of the valley of the Nile commonly called Nubia.

Show Lane's original text
, (S, K,) or البَرْبَرُ , (Mgh, Msb,) [a coll. gen. proper name, of which the n. un., or rel. n., is بَرْبَرِىٌّ ,] a foreign word, (S,) [probably of African origin, the primary form of which is the source of , &c.,] arabicized; (Msb;) or, as some say, from بَرْبَرَةٌ in speech; (TA; [see R. Q. 1;]) and البَرَابِرَةُ , (S, M, Msb, K,) the pl. of بَرْبَرُ , (K,) or of البَرْبَرُ , (Msb,) [or of بَرْبَرِىٌّ , agreeably with what follows and with analogy,] the ة being added because the sing. is a foreign word, or [so in the M and TA, but in the S “ and, ”] a rel. n., (S, M,) but it may be elided; [so that one may say البَرَابِرُ ;] (S;) A certain people, (S, M, Mgh, Msb, K,) of the inhabitants of El-Maghrib [or Northern Africa west of Egypt], (Mgh, * Msb, K, *) like the Arabs of the desert in hardness, and coarseness, or rudeness, (Mgh, * Msb,) and in slightness of religion, and littleness of knowledge: (Mgh:) and another people, [the Colobi mentioned by Diodorus Siculus and Strabo,] between the Abyssinians and the Zinj, who amputate [the glans of] the penis, and make it a dowry for a wife. (K.) [There are various opinions of the origins of these races. The appellation of البَرَابِرَةُ , sing. بَرْبَرِىٌّ , is also applied by late historians, and in the present day, to The races inhabiting the portion of the valley of the Nile which we commonly call Nubia.]
Nounبُرْبُرٌ1 sense

Core sense — a certain people of northern Africa, the Berbersgenerated

1

See بَرْبَارٌ.

Show Lane's original text
: see بَرْبَارٌ .
Nounبِرْبِرٌ1 sense

Core sense — a certain people of northern Africa, the Berbersgenerated

1

See بِرٌّ.

Show Lane's original text
: see بِرٌّ .
Nounبَرْبَرِىٌّ2 senses · 1 main

Core sense — a Berber, one of that people of northern Africagenerated

1

See بَرْبَارٌ.

1.1

And see also بَرْبَرُ, in two places.

Show Lane's original text
: see بَرْبَارٌ : and see also بَرْبَرُ , in two places.
Nounبَرْبَارٌ3 senses · 1 main

Core sense — one who talks much and noisily, raising a clamourgenerated

1

One who talks much and raises a clamour, or confused noise, with his tongue; who cries out and talks in anger, or talks confusedly, with anger and dislike; who shouts much. Also بُرْبُرٌ.

بَرْبَرِىٌّ means one who talks much and unprofitably.

1.1the lion—البَرْبَارُ

Also المُبَرْبِرُ, because of the confused noise he makes, and his aversion and anger.

1.2a bucket that makes a noise in the water—دَلْوٌ بَرْبَارٌ
Show Lane's original text
One who talks much, and raises a clamour, or confused noise, (M, K,) with his tongue: (M:) who cries, or cries out, (S, K,) and talks in anger, (S,) or talks confusedly, with anger and aversion: (TA:) who vociferates much; (TA;) as also بُرْبُرٌ : (K:) and بَرْبَرِىٌّ signifies one who talks much and unprofitably. (Fr.) البَرْبَارُ The lion; as also المُبَرْبِرُ : (K:) because of the confused noise that he makes, and his aversion and anger. (TA.) دَلْوٌ بَرْبَارٌ A bucket that makes a noise (M, K) in the water. (M.)
Nounبُرْبُورٌ1 sense

Core sense — coarsely ground wheatgenerated

1

What is termed جَشِيش [that is, coarsely ground flour and the like], of wheat.

In manuscript copies of the K, and of the S also, حَشِيش is written, which is clearly a mistranscription.

Show Lane's original text
What is termed جَشِيش [i. e. coarselyground flour, &c.], (M, CK, [in MS. copies of the K, and of the S also, حَشِيش , which is evidently a mistranscription,]) of wheat. (S, M, K.)
Nounبَارٌّ1 sense

Core sense — pious, dutiful and kind; true, veraciousgenerated

1

Feminine formed with ة: see بَرٌّ, in five places.

Show Lane's original text
; fem. with ة : see بَرٌّ , in five places.
Nounأَبَرٌّ2 senses

Core sense — more, or most, distant in the desert as to dwellinggenerated

1

By analogy it means more, and most, pious and the like: see بَرٌّ. But the only meaning found assigned to it in any of the lexicons is the one that follows.

2the most chaste in speech of the Arabs are those most distant in the desert as to habitation—أَفْصَحُ العَرَبِ أَبَرُّهُمْ

More, and most, distant in the desert, as to habitation.

In the K, instead of افصح we find أَصْلَحُ.

Show Lane's original text
[accord. to analogy signifies More, and most, pious &c.: see بَرٌّ . But the only meaning that I find assigned to it in any of the lexicons is that here following. ] More, and most, distant in the desert, (T, K,) as to habitation. (T.) So in the saying, أَفْصَحُ العَرَبِ أَبَرُّهُمْ The most chaste in speech of the Arabs are the most distant of them in the desert, as to habitation. (T, K. * [In the latter, instead of افصح , we find أَصْلَحُ .])
Nounمُبِرٌّ2 senses · 1 main

Core sense — one who overcomes; a sound manager of a thinggenerated

1

One who overcomes. See form 4.

1.1he is a prudent, or sound, manager of that—إِنَّهُ لَمُبِرٌّ بِذٰلِكَ

Synonymous with ضَابِطٌ لَهُ.

Show Lane's original text
One who overcomes. (TA.) [See 4.] إِنَّهُ لَمُبِرٌّ بِذٰلِكَ means Verily he is a prudent, or sound, manager of that; syn. ضَابِطٌ لَهُ . (M, K. *)
Nounمَبَرَّةٌ1 sense

Core sense — an act of kindness, goodness, or dutiful pietygenerated

1

See بِرٌّ.

Show Lane's original text
: see بِرٌّ .
Nounمَبْرُورٌ2 senses · 1 main

Core sense — accepted, approved and rewarded, said of a pilgrimagegenerated

1you are accepted, or approved, and rewarded—مَبْرُورٌ مَأْجُورٌ

A form of blessing, of the dialect of Temeem; أَنْتَ being understood.

go, accepted, or approved, and rewarded—مَبْرُورًا مَأْجُورًا

Applied to a pilgrimage: sinlessly performed; or marked by the giving of food and by sweetness of speech, as Mohammad himself explained it; accepted; rewarded.

A form of blessing, of the dialect of the people of El-Hijáz; اِذْهَبْ being understood.

1.1

Applied to a sale: truly and honestly carried out.

Show Lane's original text
, applied to a pilgrimage, Sinlessly performed: (Sh, T, Mgh:) or characterized by the giving of food and by sweetness of speech; as explained by Mohammad himself: accepted: rewarded. (TA.) مَبْرُورٌ مَأْجُورٌ [Thou art accepted, or approved, and rewarded] and مَبْرُورًا مَأْجُورًا [Go thou accepted, or approved, and rewarded] are forms of benediction: the former, of the dial. of Temeem; أَنْتَ being understood: the latter, of the dial. of the people of El-Hijáz; اِذْهَبْ being understood. (M.) Applied to a sale, Truly and honestly executed. (Sh, T, Mgh.)
Nounالمُبَرْبِرُ1 sense

Core sense — the lion, from the confused noise he makesgenerated

1

See بَرْبَارٌ.

Show Lane's original text
: see بَرْبَارٌ .