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بخس

Form 1 · Form 6  ·  5 entries  ·  Qur'ānic frequency 7

Form 1بَخَسَهُ3 senses · 2 main
muḍāriʿـَيَفْعَلُmaṣdarبَخْسٌ

Core sense — he diminished it, he lessened it; he wronged himgenerated

1.1the measurer gave deficient measure—بَخَسَ الكَيَّالُ

. He diminished it; he lessened it; he made it deficient, or defective; or he made it faulty.

This stands for بَخَسَ الكَيَّالُ الكَيْلَ.

there is no deficiency in it and no excess—لَا بَخْسَ فِيهِ وَ لَا شَطَطَ

Said of a just sale; also وَلَا شُطُوطَ.

he shall not fear diminution of the reward of his actions, nor wrong—فَلَا يَخَافُ بَخْسًا وَلَا رَهَقًا

Qur'ān 72:13.

he diminished to him his right, or due; he deprived him of a part of it—بَخَسَهُ حَقَّهُ
and you shall not diminish to men their things—وَلَا تَبْخَسُوا النَّاسَ أَشْيَآءَهُمْ

Qur'ān 7:83, 11:86 and 26:183; or the verb here has the meaning that follows.

on this sense In this sense, as in the one that follows, the verb takes two objects.

1.1.1

He wronged him; he acted wrongfully, or unjustly, towards him.

1.2

بَخَسَ عَيْنَهُ: see بَخَصَ.

Qur’ānic occurrences Form 1 3 shown of 5
11:15
مَن كَانَ يُرِيدُ ٱلْحَيَوٰةَ ٱلدُّنْيَا وَزِينَتَهَا نُوَفِّ إِلَيْهِمْ أَعْمَـٰلَهُمْ فِيهَا وَهُمْ فِيهَا لَا يُبْخَسُونَ

Those who desire the life of the present and its glitter,- to them we shall pay (the price of) their deeds therein,- without diminution.

11:85
وَيَـٰقَوْمِ أَوْفُوا۟ ٱلْمِكْيَالَ وَٱلْمِيزَانَ بِٱلْقِسْطِ ۖ وَلَا تَبْخَسُوا۟ ٱلنَّاسَ أَشْيَآءَهُمْ وَلَا تَعْثَوْا۟ فِى ٱلْأَرْضِ مُفْسِدِينَ

"And O my people! give just measure and weight, nor withhold from the people the things that are their due: commit not evil in the land with intent to do mischief.

26:183
وَلَا تَبْخَسُوا۟ ٱلنَّاسَ أَشْيَآءَهُمْ وَلَا تَعْثَوْا۟ فِى ٱلْأَرْضِ مُفْسِدِينَ

"And withhold not things justly due to men, nor do evil in the land, working mischief.

Occurrences of this form in the Qur’ān, not Lane’s choice of verse. They show the word in use; they do not say which sense above applies. Where more occur than are shown, the shortest āyāt are chosen.

Show Lane's original text
, aor. بَخَسَ , inf. n. بَخْسٌ , He diminished it; lessened it; made it deficient, or defective: (S, A, Msb, K:) or he made it faulty. (Msb.) You say, بَخَسَ الكَيَّالُ [for بَخَسَ الكَيَّالُ الكَيْلَ The measurer made defective measure]. (A.) And of a just sale, لَا بَخْسَ فِيهِ وَ لَا شَطَطَ , (S,) or وَلَا شُطُوطَ , (T, TA,) [There is no deficiency in it nor excess.] And it is said in the Kur [lxxii. 13], فَلَا يَخَافُ بَخْسًا وَلَا رَهَقًا He shall not fear diminution of the reward of his actions, nor wrong, or injustice. (TA.) And in this sense, [as also in the next,] the verb is doubly trans. (Msb.) You say, بَخَسَهُ حَقَّهُ He diminished to him his right, or due; deprived him, or defrauded him, of a part of it. (S, A.) And it is said in the Kur [vii. 83 and xi. 86 and xxvi. 183], وَلَا تَبْخَسُوا النَّاسَ أَشْيَآءَهُمْ [And ye shall not diminish unto men their things]: (Msb:) or the verb in this instance has the signification next following. (TA.) He wronged him; acted wrongfully, or unjustly, towards him. (A, K.) بَخَسَ عَيْنَهُ : see بَخَصَ .
Form 6تباخسوا1 sense

Core sense — they defrauded one another in a salegenerated

6.1

They defrauded one another in a sale.

Show Lane's original text
They defrauded one another in a sale. (K.)

Derived nouns 3

Nounبَخْسٌ3 senses · 2 main

Core sense — deficient, defective; land watered only by the raingenerated

1and they sold him for a deficient, or defective, price—وَشَرَوْهُ بِثَمَنٍ بَخْسٍ

Qur'ān 12:20.

Or for a price less than was due; or for an insufficient price; or, according to Zj, for an unjust price, because the sale of a man who has been found is unlawful.

Deficient; defective.

2

Land that produces herbage without being [artificially] watered; or land that is watered by the rain, because its watering is deficient. Plural بُخُوسٌ.

2.1

Also this, or rather بَخْسِىٌّ, which is more probably the correct form: a relative noun from بَخْسٌ in the sense just before — Ibn-Málik. Explained in the T as seed-produce that is not irrigated with water from a spring or well or the like, but only by the rain.

Qur’ānic occurrences بَخْس
12:20
وَشَرَوْهُ بِثَمَنٍۭ بَخْسٍ دَرَٰهِمَ مَعْدُودَةٍ وَكَانُوا۟ فِيهِ مِنَ ٱلزَّٰهِدِينَ

The (Brethren) sold him for a miserable price, for a few dirhams counted out: in such low estimation did they hold him!

72:13
وَأَنَّا لَمَّا سَمِعْنَا ٱلْهُدَىٰٓ ءَامَنَّا بِهِۦ ۖ فَمَن يُؤْمِنۢ بِرَبِّهِۦ فَلَا يَخَافُ بَخْسًا وَلَا رَهَقًا

'And as for us, since we have listened to the Guidance, we have accepted it: and any who believes in his Lord has no fear, either of a short (account) or of any injustice.

Occurrences of this form in the Qur’ān, not Lane’s choice of verse. They show the word in use; they do not say which sense above applies. Where more occur than are shown, the shortest āyāt are chosen.

Show Lane's original text
Deficient; defective. (S.) It is said in the Kur [xii. 20], وَشَرَوْهُ بِثَمَنٍ بَخْسٍ And they sold him for a deficient, or defective, price: (S, * Msb, * TA:) or for a price less than was incumbent: or for an insufficient price: or for an unjust price; accord. to Zj; because the sale of a man that has been found is unlawful. (TA.) Land that produces herbage without being [artificially] watered: (JK, S, K:) or land which is watered by the rain; because it has deficient watering: (Mgh:) pl. بُخُوسٌ . (JK, TA.) Also, (TA, as from Ibn-Málik,) or بَخْسِىٌّ , [which is more probably the correct form,] a rel. n. from بَخْسٌ in the sense immediately preceding, explained in the T as signifying, (Mgh,) Seed-produce that is not irrigated with water from a spring or well or the like, but only by the rain. (Mgh, and TA from Ibn-Málik.)
Nounبَخْسِىٌّ1 sense

Core sense — seed-produce watered only by the raingenerated

1

See بَخْسٌ.

Show Lane's original text
: see بَخْسٌ .
Nounبَاخِسٌ1 sense

Core sense — one who acts wrongfully, or unjustlygenerated

1you think her stupid, but she is wrongful, or unjust—تَحْسِبُهَا حَمْقَآءَ وَ هِىَ بَاخِسٌ

Any one who acts wrongfully, or unjustly.

So the proverb runs; but according to Th you may also say بَاخِسَةٌ.

Applied to a man who pretends to be weak in understanding when he is crafty and cunning.

The origin of the proverb was this: a man of the Benu-l-'Ambar, of Temeem, mixed his property with that of a woman, coveting the possession of it, and thinking that she was stupid and did not take care of her property or know it. Then, after mixing it, he made a division with her; but she was not content with the division until she took her own property, and she complained of him to those in authority, so that he freed himself from her by giving her what she wanted of the property. The man was reproved for his conduct, it being said to him, "You cheat a woman: is not this wrongful conduct ?" — and he replied in the words above, which became a proverb.

Show Lane's original text
Any one who acts wrongfully, or unjustly. (TA.) It is said in a prov., تَحْسِبُهَا حَمْقَآءَ وَ هِىَ بَاخِسٌ ; (S, A, K;) so runs the prov.; but accord. to Th, (S,) you may also say بَاخِسَةٌ ; (S, K;) i. e., [Thou thinkest her stupid,] but she is wrongful, or unjust: applied to him who feigns himself to be of weak understanding when he is crafty and cunning. (K, TA.) The origin of the prov. was this: a man of the Benu-l-' Ambar, of Temeem, mixed his property with that of a woman, coveting the possession of it, and thinking that she was stupid, and that she did not take care of her property nor know it: then he made a division with her, after he had mixed; but she was not content with the division until she took her property: she complained of him to those in authority, so that he released himself from her by giving her what she desired of the property: and the man was reproved for his conduct; it being said to him, “ Thou cheatest a woman: is not this wrongful conduct ( بَخْس )? ” whereupon he replied in the words above, which became a proverb. (Th, K, * TA.)