افق

Form 1 · Form 5 · 15 entries · Qur'ānic frequency 3

Form 1أَفَقَ7 senses · 2 main

muḍāriʿـِيَفْعِلُ·ـَيَفْعَلُmaṣdarأَفْقٌ أَفَقٌ

Core sense — he went into the regions of the land; he attained the utmost degree; he surpassedgenerated

1.1he went his own way, at random or heedlessly—رَكِبَ رَأْسَهُ

And he went away in the آفَاق [or regions, &c., of the land]; or he went away into the land, or country; and he took his way into the آفاق [or regions, &c.,] of the land.

1.1.1he attained the utmost degree in generosity, in knowledge, or in eloquence—أَفَقَ

Apparently from the sense above. Muḍāriʿ as above; so IB says, on the authority of Kz, and so it is given from Kr. [See آفِقٌ.]

Or the verb is أَفِقَ.

As though he reached the أُفُق [or horizon, the furthest point of view]; and in the combination of excellent qualities.

1.1.2he overcame, or surpassed—أَفَقَ

. So Kr and Ibn-'Abbád.

1.1.3he was goodly, or beautiful—أُفُوقٌ

This token is the maṣdar. Said of a camel and of a horse: he excited admiration and approval by his beauty and the pleasingness of his aspect.

1.1.4he (a man) excelled another man; or he preceded him, or outwent him, in excellence—أَفَقَ عَلَيْهِ

Also أَفَقَهُ. [It is like فَاقَهُ.]

1.1.5he gave to some more than to others—أَفَقَ فِى العَطَآءِ

El-Aashà says: [Nor the King En-Noamán, on the day that I met him, in his goodly, or happy, condition, giving gifts, or stipends, or written obligations conferring gifts, and giving to some more than to others]

shāhid

وَلَا المَلِكَ النُّعْمَانُ يَوْمَ لَقِيتُهُبِغِبْطَتِهِ يُعْطِى القُطُوطَ وَ يَأْفِقُ

Or the meaning is: writing [writs of] gifts and sealing them; or, as some say, taking his way into the آفاق [or regions, &c.,] of the land.

1.2he tanned it, namely a hide—أَفَقَهُ

He tanned it until it became what is termed أَفِيق.

Show Lane's original text

, (JK, S, K,) aor. اَفِقَ , (JK, K,) inf. n. أَفْقٌ , (TK,) He went his own way, at random, or heedlessly, ( رَكِبَ رَأْسَهُ ,) and went away in the آفَاق [or regions, &c., of the land]: (Lth, JK, K:) or he went away in, or into, the land, or country: (S:) and he took his way into the آفاق [or regions, &c.,] of the land. (JK.) [Hence, app.,] أَفَقَ , aor. as above; thus, says IB, accord. to Kz, and thus it is given on the authority of Kr; (TA;) [see آفِقٌ ;] or أَفِقَ , aor. اَفَقَ , (S, O, K,) inf. n. أَفَقٌ ; (S;) He attained the utmost degree, [as though he reached the أُفُق (or horizon, or furthest point of view,)] in generosity; (S, O, K;) or in knowledge, or science; or in chasteness of speech, or eloquence, and in the combination of excellent qualities. (K.) Also, أَفَقَ , aor. اَفِقَ , (Kr, Ibn-'Abbád, JK, K,) inf. n. أَفْقٌ , (JK, TA,) He overcame, or surpassed. (Kr, Ibn-'Abbád, JK, K.) And, inf. n, أُفُوقٌ , He was goodly, or beautiful; he possessed the quality of exciting admiration and approval by his beauty and the pleasingness of his aspect; said of a camel, and of a horse. (JK.) أَفَقَ عَلَيْهِ (JK, TA) He (a man) excelled him; namely, another man: (JK:) or he preceded him in excellence; or outwent him therein; as also أَفَقَهُ , aor. اَفِقَ . (TA.) [It is like فَاقَهُ .] أَفَقَ فِى العَطَآءِ , aor. اَفِقَ , (S, K,) inf. n. أَفْقٌ , (TA,) He gave to some more than to others. (S, K.) So in the saying of El-Aashà, 1 [Nor the King En-Noamán, on the day that I met him, in his goodly, or happy, condition, giving gifts, or stipends, or written obligations conferring gifts, and giving to some more than to others]: (S:) or the meaning is, writing [writs of] gifts, and sealing them: or, as some say, taking his way into the آفاق [or regions, &c.,] of the land. (JK.) وَلَا المَلِكَ النُّعْمَانُ يَوْمَ لَقِيتُهُ | بِغِبْطَتِهِ يُعْطِى القُطُوطَ وَ يَأْفِقُ أَفَقَهُ , aor. اَفِقَ , (S, Msb, K,) inf. n. أَفْقٌ , (S, Msb,) He tanned it (namely a hide) until it became what is termed أَفِيق . (S, Msb, * K.)

Form 5تأفّق بِنَا1 sense

Core sense — he came to us from a region of the land, alighting as a guestgenerated

5.1he (a man) came to us from a region, &c., of the land—مِنْ أُفُقٍ

Or: he came to us and alighted at our abode as a guest.

In the Nawádir el-Aaráb, تأفّق بِهِ is said to mean he reached him, or overtook him; and so تلّفق به.

Show Lane's original text

He (a man, As, TA) came to us مِنْ أُفُقٍ [from a region, &c., of the land]: (As, K:) or came to us, and alighted at our abode as a guest: and in the Nawádir el-Aaráb, تأفّق بِهِ is said to signify he reached him, or overtook him; as also تلّفق به (TA.)

Derived nouns 13

Nounأُفْقٌ1 sense

Core sense — a horizon; a side, region, or tract of land or skygenerated

See أُفُقٌ.

Show Lane's original text

: see أُفُقٌ .

Nounأَفَقٌ3 senses · 1 main

Core sense — the main and middle part of a road; the flanks; skinsgenerated

1the main and middle part of a road; its face, or surface—سَنَن

Plural آفَاقٌ.

Hence the saying قَعَدَ فُلَانٌ عَلَى أَفَقِ الطَّرِيقِ [Such a one sat upon the main and middle part, or face, or surface, of the road].

1.1I drank until I filled my skin—شَرِبْتُ حَتَّى مَلَأْتُ أَفَقِي

The word means the flanks, or ilia; or, as some say, skins, or skin.

It is the plural [or rather collective generic noun] of أَفَقَةٌ, which means the flank; as does آفِقَةٌ also.

1.2

Also a plural, or rather ism jamʿ, of أَفِيقٌ.

Show Lane's original text

The main and middle part ( سَنَن ) of a road; (K;) the face, or surface, thereof: (IAar, K:) pl. آفَاقٌ . (K.) Hence the saying, قَعَدَ فُلَانٌ عَلَى أَفَقِ الطَّرِيقِ [Such a one sat upon the main and middle part, or face, or surface, of the road]. (TA.) The flanks, or ilia: or, as some say, skins; or skin; as in the saying, شَرِبْتُ حَتَّى مَلَأْتُ أَفَقِي I drank until I filled my skin: (JK:) pl. [or rather coll. gen. n.] of أَفَقَةٌ ; (IAar;) which signifies the flank; (IAar, K;) as does also آفِقَةٌ . (Th, K.) Also pl., (S, K,) or [rather] quasi-pl. n., (M, K,) of أَفِيقٌ , q. v. (S, M, K.)

Nounأَفِقٌ1 sense

Core sense — one who has attained the utmost degree in generosity or knowledgegenerated

See أَفِيقٌ, in two places.

Show Lane's original text

: see أَفِيقٌ , in two places.

Nounأُفُقٌ4 senses · 3 main

Core sense — a side, region, or tract; the horizon; the side of a tentgenerated

1a side; a lateral, outward, or adjacent part; a region, quarter, or tract—أُفْقٌ

Or a part considered as belonging to a whole, or by its position or direction; or a remote side; synonym نَاحِيَةٌ. Also a border, or extremity, of a land, or of the earth, and of the sky.

Or the horizon, or the part next to the horizon, of the sky and of the earth; or what appears of the sides of the celestial sphere, and of the borders, or extremities, of the earth.

Or the place from which the south wind, the north wind, the west wind, and the east wind blow.

Plural آفَاقٌ; and the singular is also used as a plural, like فُلْكٌ, as is said in the Nh.

El-'Abbás says, in praise of the Prophet: [When you were born, the earth became bright, and the tracts of the horizon, or the regions, shone with your light]

shāhid

أَنْتَ لَمَّ وُلِدْتَ أَشْرَقَتِ الأَرْضُوَضَآءَ تْ بِنُورِكَ الأُفُقُ

Or, as some say, الافق is made feminine by him as meaning النَّاحِيَةُ.

The phrase حِينَ يَغِيبُ الأُفُقُ means: when the redness, or whiteness, in the أُفُق [or horizon] disappears.

1.1

Also, in the same way: the side, or lateral part, of a tent.

Or the part between the [two] anterior [pieces of wood called the] زِرَّانِ in the [fore part called the] رِوَاق of a tent.

And the sides, or lateral parts, of a tent of the kind belonging to the Arabs of the desert.

أُفُقٌ is also said to be a plural of أَفِيقٌ, but Lh disallows this.

See also آفِقٌ.

Qur’ānic occurrences أُفُق

41:53

سَنُرِيهِمْ ءَايَـٰتِنَا فِى ٱلْـَٔافَاقِ وَفِىٓ أَنفُسِهِمْ حَتَّىٰ يَتَبَيَّنَ لَهُمْ أَنَّهُ ٱلْحَقُّ ۗ أَوَلَمْ يَكْفِ بِرَبِّكَ أَنَّهُۥ عَلَىٰ كُلِّ شَىْءٍ شَهِيدٌ

Soon will We show them our Signs in the (furthest) regions (of the earth), and in their own souls, until it becomes manifest to them that this is the Truth. Is it not enough that thy Lord doth witness all things?

53:7

وَهُوَ بِٱلْأُفُقِ ٱلْأَعْلَىٰ

While he was in the highest part of the horizon:

81:23

وَلَقَدْ رَءَاهُ بِٱلْأُفُقِ ٱلْمُبِينِ

And without doubt he saw him in the clear horizon.

Occurrences of this form in the Qur’ān, not Lane’s choice of verse. They show the word in use; they do not say which sense above applies. Where more occur than are shown, the shortest āyāt are chosen.

Show Lane's original text

(JK, S, Mgh, Msb, K, &c.) and أُفْقٌ (S, K) A side; meaning a lateral, or an outward or adjacent, part or portion; or a part, region, quarter, or tract, considered with respect to its collocation or juxtaposition or direction, or considered as belonging to a whole; or a remote side; syn. نَاحِيَةٌ ; (JK, S, Mgh, Msb, K;) and a border, or an extremity; (JK;) of a land, or of the earth; and of the sky, or heavens: (JK, Mgh, Msb:) [or the horizon, or part next to the horizon, of the sky and of the earth;] or what appears of the sides ( النَّوَاحِى ) of the celestial sphere, (K, TA,) and of the borders, or extremities, of the earth: (TA:) or the place whence blows the south wind, and the north wind, and the west wind, and the east wind: (K, * TA:) pl. آفَاقٌ : (JK, S, Mgh, Msb, K:) and the sing. also is used as a pl.; like فُلْكٌ , as is said in the Nh: (MF:) thus in the verse of El-'Abbás, in praise of the Prophet: 1 [When thou wast born, the earth became bright, and the tracts of the horizon, or the regions, shone with thy light]: or, as some say, الافق is made fem. by him as meaning النَّاحِيَةُ . (TA.) The phrase حِينَ يَغِيبُ الأُفُقُ means When the redness, or whiteness, in the أُفُق [or horizon] disappears. (Mgh.) أَنْتَ لَمَّ وُلِدْتَ أَشْرَقَتِ الأَرْ | ضُوَضَآءَ تْ بِنُورِكَ الأُفُقُ Also, in like manner, The side, or lateral part, of a tent: (JK:) or the part between the [two] anterior [pieces of wood called the] زِرَّانِ , in the [fore part called the] رِوَاق , of a tent: (K:) and the sides, or lateral parts, of a tent of the kind belonging to the Arabs of the desert. (TA.) أُفُقٌ is also said to be a pl. of أَفِيقٌ ; but this is disallowed by Lh. (TA.) See also آفِقٌ .

Nounأَفَقَةٌ2 senses

Core sense — a flank; a burying of a hide in the earth to prepare it for tanninggenerated

See أَفَقٌ.

Also a burying of a skin, or hide, in the earth, so that its hair may be removed and it may become ready for tanning. [See أَفِيقٌ.]

Show Lane's original text

: see أَفَقٌ . Also A burying of a skin, or hide, in the earth, so that its hair may be removed, and it may become ready for tanning. (Lth, K,* TA.) [See أَفِيقٌ .]

Nounأَفَقِىٌّ1 sense

Core sense — one who is from the regions of the land, travelling in search of sustenancegenerated

1one who is from the lateral parts, or regions, of the land—آفَاق

This form is contrary to rule; أُفُقِىٌّ agrees with rule, being a relative noun from أُفُقٌ.

Some — the lawyers, in relation to pilgrimage and the like — say آفَاقِىٌّ, which is incorrect; or whether it is correct, after the manner of أَنْصَارِىٌّ and the like, needs consideration.

An adjective applied to a man; mentioned by Aboo-Nasr.

Or one who goes about in the آفَاق; or one who goes through the آفاق of the land in search of sustenance; as also أَفَّاقٌ.

أُفُقِىُّ مَكَّةَ or أَفَقِىُّ مكّة means: he who is outside the places where the pilgrims coming to Mekkeh enter upon the state of إِحْرَام.

Show Lane's original text

, (ISk, JK, T, S, Mgh, Msb, K,) contr. to rule, (T, Msb,) and أُفُقِىٌّ , (As, ISk, S, Mgh, Msb, K,) agreeably with rule, (S,) being a rel. n. from أُفُقٌ , (Msb,) and some (namely the lawyers, in relation to pilgrimage and the like, MF) say آفَاقِىٌّ , (Mgh, MF,) which is incorrect, (Mgh, Msb,) or whether it be correct, after the manner of أَنْصَارِىٌّ and the like, requires consideration, (MF,) an epthet applied to a man, (ISk, S, Msb,) meaning One who is from the آفَاق [or lateral parts, or regions,] of the land; (ISk,* S, Msb;*) mentioned by Aboo-Nasr: (S, referring to the first form of the word:) or one who goes about in the آفَاق : (JK:) or one who goes through the آفاق of the land in search of sustenance: (K,* TA:) as also أَفَّاقٌ . (K, TA.) أُفُقِىُّ مَكَّةَ or أَفَقِىُّ مكّة means He who is without the places where the pilgrims coming to Mekkeh enter upon the state of إِحْرَام . (Mgh.)

Nounأُفُقِىٌّ1 sense

Core sense — one who is from the regions of the landgenerated

See أَفَقِىٌّ.

Show Lane's original text

: see أَفَقِىٌّ .

Nounأَفِيقٌ3 senses · 2 main

Core sense — a hide not completely tanned; the skin of a man or any beastgenerated

See آفِقٌ.

1.1

Applied also to a bucket, meaning: excelling other buckets.

2the skin, or hide, that is not completely tanned, so that it is not firm or tough—أَفِيقَةٌ

Or it is a more particular term than this word, as جِلْدَةٌ is more particular than جِلْدٌ and أَفِقٌ.

When its tanning is complete and it becomes red, it is termed أَدِيم; so أَفِيقٌ is of the measure فَعِيلٌ in the sense of the measure مَفْعُولٌ.

Or it is in the second stage of its tanning; for in the first stage it is termed مَنِيْئَة, then افيق, and then اديم.

Or: tanned, but before it is sewed; or before it is cut, or slit; or when it comes out of the tan, its tanning finished, its [original] odour still in it; or after it is tanned; or not tanned.

Or that is tanned without قَرَظ or أَرْطَى or any of the tans of the people of Nejd.

ISd says: I think Th has mentioned أَفِقٌ as synonymous with أَفِيقٌ, and explained it as the skin, or hide, that is not tanned; but I am not sure of it.

The plural is أَفَقٌ, as أَدَمٌ is plural of أَدِيمٌ; or this is an ism jamʿ. أُفُقٌ is allowable, or, according to Lh, it is not allowable; and the plural of paucity is آفِقَةٌ, as آدمَةٌ and أَرْغِفَةٌ are plurals of أَدِيمٌ and رَغِيفٌ.

أَفِيقَةٌ also means a سِقَآء [or skin for water or milk, &c.] made of a hide of the kind termed أَفِيق.

And أَفِيقٌ also means the skin of a man, and of any beast.

Show Lane's original text

: see آفِقٌ . Applied also to a bucket ( دَلْو ), meaning Excelling other buckets. (AA, K.) Also, (As, Th, JK, S, Mgh, Msb, K,) and أَفِيقَةٌ , (K,) or the latter is a more particular term than the former, like as جِلْدَةٌ is more so than جِلْدٌ , (Mgh,) and أَفِقٌ , (K, [but see what follows,]) The skin, or hide, that is not completely tanned, (S, Mgh, Msb, K,) so that it is unsubstantial, not firm, or strong, or tough: (Mgh:) when its tanning is complete, and it becomes red, it is termed أَدِيم : therefore أَفِيقٌ is of the measure فَعِيلٌ in the sense of the measure مَفْعُولٌ : (Msb:) or in the second stage of its tanning; for in the first stage it is termed مَنِيْئَة ; then, افيق ; and then, اديم : (TA:) or that is tanned, but before it is sewed: (As, S, K:) or before it is cut, or slit: (K:) or when it comes forth from the tan, its tanning being finished, (JK, TA,) its [original] odour being [still] in it: (TA:) or after it is tanned: (Msb:) or not tanned: (Th, TA:) or that is tanned without قَرَظ or أَرْطَى or any of the tans of the people of Nejd: (TA:) ISd says, I think that Th has mentioned أَفِقٌ as syn. with أَفِيقٌ , and explained it as signifying the skin, or hide, that is not tanned; but I am not sure of it: (TA:) the pl. is أَفَقٌ , (Lh, JK, S, Msb, K,) like as أَدَمٌ is pl. of أَدِيمٌ , (S,) or this is a quasi-pl. n., (M, K,) and أُفُقٌ (JK, K) is allowable, (JK,) or, accord. to Lh, it is not allowable, (TA,) and [pl. of pauc.] آفِقَةٌ , (As, S, K,) like as آدمَةٌ and أَرْغِفَةٌ are pls. of أَدِيمٌ and رَغِيفٌ . (As, S.) أَفِيقَةٌ signifies also A سِقَآء [or skin for water or milk &c.] made of a hide of the kind termed أَفِيق . (Mgh.) And أَفِيقٌ also signifies The skin of a man, and of any beast. (TA.)

Nounأَفِيقَةٌ1 sense

Core sense — a hide that is not completely tannedgenerated

See أَفِيقٌ, in two places.

Show Lane's original text

: see أَفِيقٌ , in two places.

Nounأَفَّاقٌ1 sense

Core sense — one who travels the regions of the land in search of sustenancegenerated

See أَفَقِىٌّ.

Show Lane's original text

: see أَفَقِىٌّ .

Nounآفِقٌ1 sense

Core sense — one who has attained the utmost degree in generosity or knowledge; a generous horsegenerated

1one who has attained the utmost degree in generosity, in knowledge, or in eloquence—أَفِيقٌ

Of the measure فَاعِلٌ; in the CK اَفِقٌ, and likewise in a copy of the JK.

From أَفِقَ; or, as IB says on the authority of Kz, from أَفَقَ; and so according to Kr, and it is shown to be of the measure فَاعِلٌ by several verses in which it occurs.

Also in the combination of excellent qualities. Feminine with ة.

Applied to a horse: generous with respect to both parents; feminine with ة.

Applied to a camel: that excites admiration and approval by his generousness, excellence, or high blood; and so أُفُقٌ, applied to a horse, a mare, and a she-camel.

Show Lane's original text

, (S, K, &c.,) of the measure فَاعِلٌ , (S, Kz, TA, [in the CK اَفِقٌ , and in like manner in a copy of the JK,]) from أَفِقَ , (S, K,) or, as IB says, accord. to Kz, from أَفَقَ , aor. اَفِقَ , and so accord. to Kr, and shown to be of the measure فَاعِلٌ by several verses in which it occurs, (TA,) One who has attained the utmost degree in generosity; (S, K;) or in knowledge, or science; or in chasteness of speech, or eloquence, and in the combination of excellent qualities; (K;) as also أَفِيقٌ : (K:) fem. with ة . (IF, K.) Also applied to a horse, Generous with respect to both parents: fem. with ة . (S.) And applied to a camel, That excites admiration and approval by his generousness, excellence, high blood, or the like; (JK;) and so أُفُقٌ , (JK, S, K,) applied to a horse, (S, K,) and a mare, (JK, S, K,) and a she-camel. (JK.).

Nounآفِقَةٌ1 sense

Core sense — one who has attained the utmost degree in generosity or excellencegenerated

See أَفَقٌ.

Show Lane's original text

: see أَفَقٌ .

Nounآفَاقِىٌّ1 sense

Core sense — one who is from the regions of the landgenerated

See أَفَقِىٌّ.

Show Lane's original text

: see أَفَقِىٌّ .