اسر

Form 1 · Form 2 · Form 4 · Form 5 · Form 8 · Form 10 · 14 entries · Qur'ānic frequency 6

Form 1أَسَرَهُ4 senses · 1 main

muḍāriʿـِيَفْعِلُيُؤْسَرُيَأْسَرُmaṣdarأَسْرٌ

Core sense — he bound him; he made him a captive; he formed him wellgenerated

1.1

maṣdar أَسْرٌ and إِسَارٌ.

He bound, braced, or tied him — that is, his captive — or it, namely his قَتَب [or camel's saddle], or his horse's saddle, with an إِسَار, that is, a thong of untanned hide, by tying the two ends of the عَرْقُوْتَانِ of the camel's saddle, or of the curved pieces of wood of the horse's saddle.

1.1.1he made him a captive, he took him prisoner—آسرهُ

Muḍāriʿ as above, and the maṣdar likewise: أَسْرٌ and إِسَارٌ.

He made him a captive, or took him prisoner, whether he bound him with an إِسَار or did not.

Of the same form as أَكْرَمَ and استأسرهُ, according to a tradition in which it occurs used transitively like this.

And he imprisoned him.

1.1.2figurative · مجاز — inferredGod created him, or formed him, in the best manner—أَسَرَهُ ٱللّٰهُ أَحْسَنَ الأَسْرِ

. He (God) created him, or formed him, in a goodly manner.

1.1.3he (a man) suffered suppression of his urine—أُسِرَ

or أَسِرَ; or أُسِرَ بَوْلُهُ, or this last is a simple noun.

[See أُسْرٌ below.]

Qur’ānic occurrences Form 1

33:26

وَأَنزَلَ ٱلَّذِينَ ظَـٰهَرُوهُم مِّنْ أَهْلِ ٱلْكِتَـٰبِ مِن صَيَاصِيهِمْ وَقَذَفَ فِى قُلُوبِهِمُ ٱلرُّعْبَ فَرِيقًا تَقْتُلُونَ وَتَأْسِرُونَ فَرِيقًا

And those of the People of the Book who aided them - Allah did take them down from their strongholds and cast terror into their hearts. (So that) some ye slew, and some ye made prisoners.

Occurrences of this form in the Qur’ān, not Lane’s choice of verse. They show the word in use; they do not say which sense above applies. Where more occur than are shown, the shortest āyāt are chosen.

Show Lane's original text

(S, M, A,) aor. اَسِرَ , inf. n. أَسْرٌ (S, M, K) and إِسَارٌ , (M, TA,) He bound, braced, or tied, him, [namely, his captive,] or it, (S, M, A, K,) namely, his قَتَب [or camel's saddle], (S, A,) or his horse's saddle, (A,) with an إِسَار , i. e. a thong of untanned hide, (S, A,) by tying the two extremities of the عَرْقُوْتَانِ of the camel's saddle, or of the curved pieces of wood of the horse's saddle. (A.) Also, aor. as above, and so the inf. n., i. e. أَسْرٌ (S, Msb) and إِسَارٌ , (Lth, S,) He made him a captive; captived him; or took him a prisoner; whether he bound him with an إِسَار or did not; (S;) as also آسرهُ , of the same form as أَكْرَمَ ; (Msb;) and استأسرهُ , accord. to a trad., in which it occurs thus used, transitively: (Mgh:) and he imprisoned him. (TA, from a trad.) Also, (S, Msb,) inf. n. أَسْرٌ , (Msb,) He (God) created him, or formed him, (S, Msb,) in a goodly manner. (Msb.) You say, أَسَرَهُ ٱللّٰهُ أَحْسَنَ الأَسْرِ God created him, or formed him, in the best manner. (Fr, TA.) أُسِرَ , (S, A,) aor. يُؤْسَرُ ; (S;) or أَسِرَ , aor. يَأْسَرُ ; (IKtt;) or أُسِرَ بَوْلُهُ ; (M;) inf. n. أَسْرٌ , (M, and so in a copy of the S,) or the latter is a simple subst.; (M, IKtt;) He (a man, S, A) suffered suppression of his urine. (S, M, IKtt, A.) [See أُسْرٌ , below.]

Form 2أسّر1 sense

Core sense — he bound, or tied, tight and firmlygenerated

2.1

He bound, or tied, tight, fast, or firmly. So according to Golius, but he names no authority for it.

Show Lane's original text

He bound, or tied, tight, fast, or firmly. (So accord. to Golius; but for this he names no authority.)]

Form 4آسَرَ1 sense

Core sense — he bound him; he made him a captivegenerated

4.1

See form 1.

Show Lane's original text

see 1.

Form 5تأسّر عَلَيْهِ فُلَانٌ1 sense

Core sense — such a one excused himself to him, and was slowgenerated

5.1figurative · مجاز — inferred

Such a one excused himself to him, and was slow, or tardy.

So related by Ibn-Hánee from AZ. A'Obeyd relates it from him as تأسن, but this is a mistake: it is correctly with ر.

Show Lane's original text

Such a one excused himself to him, and was slow, or tardy: (AZ, T, K:*) thus as related by Ibn-Hánee from AZ: as A'Obeyd relates it from him, تأسن ; but this is a mistake: it is correctly with ر . (T.)

Form 8يَأْتَسِرُ1 sense

maṣdarٱئْتِسَارٌ

Core sense — he makes him a captivegenerated

8.1

[written with the disjunctive alif اِيتِسَارٌ].

For يَتَّسِرُ, maṣdar ٱتِّسَارٌ, see the article يسر.

Show Lane's original text

, inf. n. ٱئْتِسَارٌ [written with the disjunctive alif اِيتِسَارٌ ]; for يَتَّسِرُ , inf. N. ٱتِّسَارٌ : see art. يسر .

Form 10استأسر لِلْعَدُوِ2 senses

Core sense — he submitted himself as a captive to the enemygenerated

10.1be a captive to me—اِسْتَأْسِرْ

He submitted himself as a captive to the enemy.

10.2

Derived nouns 8

Nounأَسْرٌ3 senses · 1 main

Core sense — a thong of untanned hide; strength of make, or formgenerated

1this thing is yours, [literally] with its thong of untanned hide [with which it is bound]—هٰذَا الشَّىْءُ لَكَ بِأَسْرِهِ

Same as إِسَارٌ, which see.

Meaning: altogether; as one also says بِرُمَّتِهِ.

take it all, take the whole of it—خُذْهُ بِأَسْرِهِ

the people came altogether—جَآءَ القَوْمُ بِأَسْرِهِمْ

on this sense These sayings are reported by Aboo-Bekr.

1.1figurative · مجازsuch a one is of strong, firm, or compact make, or form—فُلَانٌ شَدِيدٌ أَسْرٍ الخَلْقِ

Strength of make, or form.

[According to the copies of the K in my hands it also means strength of natural disposition; but instead of وَالخُلُق in those copies we should read وَالخَلْقُ, in agreement with other lexicons, as is implied in the TA: see form 1.]

1.2figurative · مجازWe have strengthened their make, or form—شَدَدْنَا أَسْرَهُمْ

In the Kur-án [76:28].

Or: their joints; or their two sphincters which hold back the urine and feces, which contract when the excrement has passed out; or the meaning is that these two do not become relaxed before one wishes.

Qur’ānic occurrences أَسْر

76:28

نَّحْنُ خَلَقْنَـٰهُمْ وَشَدَدْنَآ أَسْرَهُمْ ۖ وَإِذَا شِئْنَا بَدَّلْنَآ أَمْثَـٰلَهُمْ تَبْدِيلًا

It is We Who created them, and We have made their joints strong; but, when We will, We can substitute the like of them by a complete change.

Show Lane's original text

i. q. إِسَارٌ , q. v. (S.) Hence the saying, هٰذَا الشَّىْءُ لَكَ بِأَسْرِهِ This thing is for thee, or is thine,[lit.] with its thong of untanned hide [wherewith it is bound]; meaning, altogether; like as one says, بِرُمَّتِهِ . (S.) And خُذْهُ بِأَسْرِهِ Take thou it all, or altogether. (Msb.) And جَآءَ القَوْمُ بِأَسْرِهِمْ The people came altogether. (Aboo-Bekr.) Strength of make, or form. (M, K.) [Accord. to the copies of the K in my hands, it also signifies Strength of natural disposition; but instead of وَالخُلُق , in those copies, we should read وَالخَلْقُ , agreeably with other lexicons, as is implied in the TA: see 1.] You say, فُلَانٌ شَدِيدٌ أَسْرٍ الخَلْقِ Such a one is of strong, firm, or compact, make, or form. (TA.) شَدَدْنَا أَسْرَهُمْ , in the Kur [lxxvi. 28], means We have strengthened their make, or form: (S, A, Msb:) or, their joints: or, their two sphincters which serve as repressers of the urine and feces ( مَصَرَّتَىِ البَوْلِ وَ الغَائِطِ ), which contract when the excrement has passed forth; or the meaning is, that these two things do not become relaxed before one desires. (IAar, K.)

Nounأُسْرٌ2 senses · 1 main

Core sense — suppression of the urinegenerated

1[suppression of urine, etc., took him, or affected him]—أَخَذَهُ الأَسْرُ

A noun, as is also أُسُرٌ (M, Lb), meaning suppression of the urine. Suppression of the feces is called حُصْرٌ.

[may God give him a suppression of urine, etc.]—أَنَالَهُ ٱللّٰهُ أُسْراً

A form of imprecation.

on this sense Or a dribbling of the urine, with a cutting pain in the bladder, and pangs like those of a woman in childbirth.

1.1a stick, or piece of wood, put on the belly of a man suffering suppression of his urine, and which cures him—عُودُ أُسْرٍ

Hence this word.

Also عُودٌ أُسْرٌ and عُودُ الأُسْرِ (Expositions of the Fs), and عُودُ يُسْرِ, though this last is a corruption, or a vulgar mistake, and should not be said unless it is meant as ominous of good.

Show Lane's original text

, (S, M, IKtt, A,) a subst., (M, IKtt,) as also أُسُرٌ , (M, Lb,) meaning Suppression of the urine: (S, M, &c.:) suppression of the feces is termed حُصْرٌ : (S:) or a dribbling of the urine, with a cutting pain in the bladder, and pangs like those of a female in the time of parturition. (IAar.) You say, أَخَذَهُ الأَسْرُ [Suppression of urine, &c., took him, or affected him]. (A.) And أَنَالَهُ ٱللّٰهُ أُسْراً [May God give him a suppression of urine, &c.]: a form of imprecation. (A.) Hence, (M,) عُودُ أُسْرٍ (IAar, S, M, A, K) and عُودٌ أُسْرٌ and عُودُ الأُسْرِ (Expositions of the Fs) and عُودُ يُسْرِ , (IAar, K,) or this is a corruption, (K,) or a vulgar mistake, (A,) and should not be said, (Fr, S, A,) unless meant to be used as ominous of good, (A,) A stick, or piece of wood, which is put upon the belly of a man affected by a suppression of his urine, (S, A, K, &c.,) and which cures him. (A.)

Nounأُسُرٌ1 sense

Core sense — thongs of untanned hide with which one bindsgenerated

See أُسْرٌ.

Show Lane's original text

: see أُسْرٌ .

Nounأُسْرَةٌ1 sense

Core sense — a man's near kinsmen, his nearest relations on his father's sidegenerated

1figurative · مجاز — inferred

A man's kinsmen who are more, or most, nearly related to him; his near kinsmen; or a man's nearer, or nearest, relations on his father's side (Aboo-Jaafar En-Nahhás), so called because he is strengthened by them.

Show Lane's original text

A man's kinsmen that are more, or most, nearly related to him; his near kinsmen: (S, * M, A, * Msb, * K:) or a man's nearer, or nearest, relations on his father's side: (Aboo-Jaafar En-Nahhás:) so called because he is strengthened by them. (S, A.)

Nounإِسَارٌ2 senses

Core sense — a thong of untanned hide with which one binds; shacklesgenerated

1he untied the thong of untanned hide with which he was bound, and released him—حَلَّ إِسَارَهُ فَأَطْلَقَهُ

A thing with which one binds; a thong of untanned hide, with which one binds a camel's saddle [as also إِصَارٌ] and a captive; and so أَسْرٌ, which see.

Also a rope, or cord, with which a captive is bound; and a pair of shackles.

Plural أُسُرٌ. [See also form 1.]

See also أَسِيرٌ.

Show Lane's original text

A thing with which one binds; (M, K;) a thong of untanned hide, (S, A, Msb,) with which one binds a camel's saddle, (As, S,) [as also إِصَارٌ ,] and a captive; and so أَسْرٌ , q. v.: (S:) and a rope, or cord, with which a captive is bound: and a pair of shackles: (TA:) pl. أُسُرٌ . (M, K.) [See also 1.] You say, حَلَّ إِسَارَهُ فَأَطْلَقَهُ He untied his thong of untanned hide wherewith he was bound, and released him. (A.) See also أَسِيرٌ .

Nounأَسِيرٌ1 sense

Core sense — bound, shackled; a captive, a prisonergenerated

1[I slew the female captive]—قَتَلْتُ الأَسِيرَةَ

Same as مَأْسُورٌ: bound with an إِسَار; shackled.

Mujáhid: imprisoned.

Captived, or a captive, absolutely, even if not bound with an اسار; and إِسَارٌ is sometimes used in the same sense.

اسير is also applied as an adjective to a woman when the woman is mentioned; otherwise أَسِيرَةٌ is used as the feminine.

As one says رَأَيْتُ القَتِيلَةَ.

The plural is أَسْرَى and أَسَرَآءُ, and, according to several authors as plurals of أَسْرَى, أُسَارَى and أَسَارَى.

Aboo-Is-hák: the first of these plural forms belongs properly to adjectives applied to those who are hurt or afflicted in their bodies or their minds; it is used here because a captive is like one wounded or stung.

Qur’ānic occurrences أَسِير 1 shown of 4

76:8

وَيُطْعِمُونَ ٱلطَّعَامَ عَلَىٰ حُبِّهِۦ مِسْكِينًا وَيَتِيمًا وَأَسِيرًا

And they feed, for the love of Allah, the indigent, the orphan, and the captive,-

Show Lane's original text

i. q. مَأْسُورٌ ; (S, TA;) Bound with an إِسَار : (M, TA:) shackled: (K:) imprisoned: (Mujáhid, M, K:) captived, or a captive; (S, M, K;) absolutely, (TA,) although not bound with an اسار : (S:) and إِسَارٌ is sometimes used in the same sense. (Msb.) اسير is also applied as an epithet to a woman, (Mgh, Msb,) when the woman is mentioned; but otherwise أَسِيرَةٌ is used as the fem.: you say, قَتَلْتُ الأَسِيرَةَ [I slew the female captive], like as you say, رَأَيْتُ القَتِيلَةَ . (Msb.) The pl. is أَسْرَى (S, M, Msb, K) and أَسَرَآءُ (M, K) and (accord. to several authors, pls. of أَسْرَى , TA) أُسَارَى (S, M, Msb, K) and أَسَارَى : (M, K:) the first of these forms of pl. is proper to epithets applied to those who are hurt or afflicted in their bodies or their intellects: (Aboo-Is-hák:) it is used in this instance because a captive is like one wounded or stung. (Th, M.)

Nounتَآسِيرُ السَّرْجِ1 sense

Core sense — the thongs of a horse's saddle, with which it is boundgenerated

[In the CK, erroneously, تَأْسِير.]

The thongs of the horse's saddle, with which it is bound.

According to the more correct opinion, a plural with no singular.

Show Lane's original text

[in the CK, erroneously, تَأْسِير ] The thongs of the horse's saddle, whereby it is bound: (K:) accord. to the more correct opinion, a pl. without a sing. (MF.)

Nounمَأْسُورٌ3 senses · 1 main

Core sense — bound with a thong; having strongly knit jointsgenerated

See أَسِيرٌ.

A camel's saddle bound with an إِسَار; plural مَآسِيرُ.

1.1figurative · مجاز — inferred

A man, and a beast, having strongly knit joints.

1.2

A man suffering suppression of his urine.

Show Lane's original text

: see أَسِيرٌ . A camel's saddle bound with an إِسَار : pl. مَآسِيرُ . (TA.) A man, and a beast, having strongly-knit joints. (M.) A man suffering suppression of his urine. (S.)